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Shell structures are used in all phases of structures, from space vehicles to deep submergence hulls, from nuclear reactors to domes on sport arenas and civic buildings. With new materials and manufacturing methods, curved thin walled structures are being used increasingly. This text is a graduate course in the theory of shells. It covers shells of isotropic materials, such as metal alloys and plastics, and shells of composite materials, such as fibre reinforced polymer, metal or ceramic matrix materials. It provides the essential information for an understanding of the underlying theory, and solution of some of the basic problems. It also provides a basis to study the voluminous shell literature. Beyond being primarily a textbook, it is intended also for self study by practising engineers who would like to learn more about the behaviour of shells. The book has two parts: Part I deals with shells of isotropic materials. In this part the mathematical formulations are introduced involving curvilinear coordinates. The techniques of solutions and resulting behavior is compared to planar thin walled isotropic structures such as plates and beams. Part II then treats the behavior of shells, involving anisotropic composite materials, so widely used today. The analysis involves the complications due to the many elastic constants, effects of transverse shear deformation, thermal thickening and offer effects arising from the properties of composite materials.
Shell structures are used in all phases of structures, from space vehicles to deep submergence hulls, from nuclear reactors to domes on sport arenas and civic buildings. With new materials and manufacturing methods, curved thin walled structures are being used increasingly. This text is a graduate course in the theory of shells. It covers shells of isotropic materials, such as metal alloys and plastics, and shells of composite materials, such as fibre reinforced polymer, metal or ceramic matrix materials. It provides the essential information for an understanding of the underlying theory, and solution of some of the basic problems. It also provides a basis to study the voluminous shell literature. Beyond being primarily a textbook, it is intended also for self study by practising engineers who would like to learn more about the behaviour of shells. The book has two parts: Part I deals with shells of isotropic materials. In this part the mathematical formulations are introduced involving curvilinear coordinates. The techniques of solutions and resulting behavior is compared to planar thin walled isotropic structures such as plates and beams. Part II then treats the behavior of shells, involving anisotropic composite materials, so widely used today. The analysis involves the complications due to the many elastic constants, effects of transverse shear deformation, thermal thickening and offer effects arising from the properties of composite materials.
Plates and panels are primary components in many structures including space vehicles, aircraft, automobiles, buildings, bridge decks, ships and submarines. The ability to design, analyse, optimise and select the proper materials for these structures is a necessity for structural designers, analysts and researchers. This text consists of four parts. The first deals with plates of isotropic (metallic and polymeric) materials. The second involves composite material plates, including anisotropy and laminate considerations. The third section treats sandwich constructions of various types, and the final section gives an introduction to plates involving piezoelectric materials, in which the "smart" or "intelligent" materials are used as actuators or sensors. In each section, the formulations encompass plate structures subjected to static loads, dynamic loads, buckling, thermal/moisture environments, and minimum weight structural optimisation. This is a textbook for a graduate course, an undergraduate senior course and a reference. Many homework problems are given in various chapters.
The Behavior of Sandwich Structures of Isotropic and Composite Materials presents the mathematics, descriptions, and analytical techniques in the growing field of sandwich structures. From a background in sandwich structures to thermoelastic problems of sandwich structures and sandwich shell theory, the book provides the knowledge needed to analyze, design, and optimize various sandwich structures. As one would expect from a book on sandwich structures, this volume discusses special failure modes such as face wrinkling and core shear instability. Coverage includes not only honeycomb cores, but also foam, web, and truss cores. An important topic in composite structure design, optimization is explored in two chapters on sandwich plates and sandwich shells. The author presents the optimization techniques in closed form and the methods are applicable to material selection and geometric design. The book also contains a set of problems and references at the end of each chapter. This text is ideal for engineers-in-training, as well as practical engineers who desire a comprehensive understanding of sandwich structures technology.
Mathematical Methods and Models in Composites (Second Edition) provides an in-depth treatment of modern and rigorous mathematical methods and models applied to composites modeling on the micro-, meso-, and macro scale. There has been a steady growth in the diversity of such methods and models that are used in the analysis and characterization of composites, their behavior, and their associated phenomena and processes. This second edition expands upon the success of the first edition, and has been substantially revised and updated.Written by well-known experts in different areas of applied mathematics, physics, and composite engineering, this book is mainly focused on continuous fiber reinforced composites and their ever increasing range of applications (for example, in the aerospace industry), though it also covers other kind of composites. The chapters cover a range of topics including, but not limited to: scaling and homogenization procedures in composites, thin plate and wave solutions in anisotropic materials, laminated structures, fiber-reinforced nonlinearly elastic solids, buckling and postbuckling, fracture and damage analysis of composites, and highly efficient methods for simulation of composites manufacturing such as resin transfer molding. The results presented are useful for the design, fabrication, testing and industrial applications of composite components and structures.This book is an essential reference for graduate and doctoral students, as well as researchers in mathematics, physics and composite engineering. Explanations and references in the book are sufficiently detailed so as to provide the necessary background to further investigate the fascinating subject of composites modeling and explore relevant research literature. It is also suitable for non-experts who wish to have an overview of the mathematical methods and models used for composites, and of the open problems in this area that require further research.
This second edition of the textbook presents a systematic introduction to the structural mechanics of composite components. The book focusses on modeling and calculation of sandwiches and laminated composites i.e. anisotropic material. The new edition includes an additional chapter covering the latest advances in both research and applications, which are highly relevant for readers. The textbook is written for use not only in engineering curricula of aerospace, civil and mechanical engineering, but also for materials science and applied mechanics. Furthermore, it addresses practicing engineers and researchers. No prior knowledge of composite materials and structures is required for the understanding of its content. The book is close to classical courses of "Strength of Materials" and "Theory of Beams, Plates and Shells" but it extends the classic content on two topics: the linear elastic material behavior of isotropic and non-isotropic structural elements, and inhomogeneous material properties in the thickness direction. The Finite Element Analysis of laminate and sandwich structures is briefly presented. Many solved examples illustrate the application of the techniques learned.
The problem of solving complex engineering problems has always been a major topic in all industrial fields, such as aerospace, civil and mechanical engineering. The use of numerical methods has increased exponentially in the last few years, due to modern computers in the field of structural mechanics. Moreover, a wide range of numerical methods have been presented in the literature for solving such problems. Structural mechanics problems are dealt with using partial differential systems of equations that might be solved by following the two main classes of methods: Domain-decomposition methods or the so-called finite element methods and mesh-free methods where no decomposition is carried out. Both methodologies discretize a partial differential system into a set of algebraic equations that can be easily solved by computer implementation. The aim of the present Special Issue is to present a collection of recent works on these themes and a comparison of the novel advancements of both worlds in structural mechanics applications.
Advances in technology are demanding ever-increasing mastery over the materials being used: the challenge is to gain a better understanding of their behaviour, and more particularly of the relations between their microstructure and their macroscopic properties. This two-volume work, of which this is the first volume, aims to provide the means by which this challenge may be met. Starting from the mechanics of deformation, it develops the laws governing macroscopic behaviour - expressed as the constitutive equations - always taking account of the physical phenomena which underlie rheological behaviour. The most recent developments are presented, in particular those concerning heterogeneous materials such as metallic alloys, polymers and composites. Each chapter is devoted to one of the major classes of material behaviour. As the subtitles indicate, Volume I deals with elasticity and plasticity and Volume II with viscoelasticity, viscoplasticity, damage phenomena, and the mechanics of fracture and of contact. Annexes to Volume I give the relevant basic tools and techniques of continuous-media mechanics, crystallography and phase changes. Most of the chapters end with a set of exercises, to many of which either the full solution or hints on how to obtain this are given; each volume is profusely illustrated with explanatory diagrams and with electron-microscope photographs. Mechanics of Material Behaviour grew out of the Paris Diplome d'Études Approfondies (DEA, Advanced Studies Diploma) in Mechanics and Materials. In addition to Diploma-level students, it is addressed to students reading for a first degree in engineering, practising engineers and research workers in this field. The treatment is mathematical but the mathematical arguments should not prove difficult; the real difficulties of the subject stem from the frequent and considerable changes of scale that have to be appreciated and the need to acquire a firm grasp of the underlying physics.