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Are Welfare States in crisis? Forty years after Gunnar Myrdal's seminal Beyond the Welfare State it is still little grasped in the 'reform' debate that the whole structure and economies of our societies are being transformed. This book reasserts the importance of a new employment and productive model - that of the 'associative economy' - which integrates social solidarity with economic planning.
In this book Paul Hirst makes a major contribution to democratic thinking, advocating "associative democracy"; the belief that human welfare and liberty are best served when as many of the affairs of society as possible are managed by voluntary and democratically self-governing associations.
Associative economics is a philosophy of money developed from the ideas of Rudolf Steiner. It places human beings at the centre of all economic activity, replacing the power of unseen 'market forces' with personal freedom and responsibility.In this comprehensive book, Gary Lamb explains associative economics, its background and principles, and its potential to change our world, along with possible pitfalls. He gives examples of successful projects and offers practical small steps that we can make to improve our situation.This is a useful introduction to an important form of alternative economics.
This unique troika of Handbooks provides indispensable coverage of the history of economic analysis. Edited by two of the foremost academics in the field, the volumes gather together insightful and original contributions from scholars across the world. The encyclopaedic breadth and scope of the original entries will make these Handbooks an invaluable source of knowledge for all serious students and scholars of the history of economic thought.
From the Arab Spring to the Occupy and Tea Party movements, the "What now?" solution to economic disparity and power politics has been largely unarticulated. This work details how the Golden Rule ethic and a technology-driven global consciousness are causing epic shifts in our economic and governing systems. The evolution from nation-state capitalism to a collaborative economy with judicial governance is proving that prosperity is compatible with peace. With ten case studies of successful "Golden Rule" organizations and an innovative study of the reciprocal ethic, this book provides accessible, thought-provoking analysis of rapid worldwide change and forecasts a future of freedom, purpose and hope.
The past decade has seen many leading economies, especially the US, undergo profound structural transformations. Departing from the standard theories employed to explain this phenomenon, here author Togati provides the first broad analysis of the New Economy. In this book, the first to look at the new economy from a post-Keynesian / post-modern perspective, he focuses on its macroeconomic implications, presenting a more balanced view than that provided by orthodox neoclassical analysis, and studying the interaction of key variables such as: * information technology * globalization * the increasing significance of intangibles and financial markets. This ground-breaking book utilizes a ‘neo-modern’ perspective drawing on complexity theory to advance the study of the stability and dynamic behaviour of economic systems. Togati utilizes the Calvino labels to identify new empirical evidence, and examines the implications for global stability based on New Classical Macroeconomics and Keynsian theory. The analysis developed in this book has important practical and policy implications for the New Economy, making this book essential reading for students, academics and practitioners in this field.
Critically examining economic developments within the last sixty years, this book argues that a crisis in global social reproduction is altering existing understandings of work, labour and the economy. The author of this original volume, Hasmet M. Uluorta, contends that the crisis in the global economy is triggering a potential paradigm shift from one defined under the rubric of Employment to an alternative theorized as Work. Discussing the Employment paradigm that formed the dominant mode of development after the Second World War through to the 1970s, the author considers the economic and political forces that resulted in its eventual decline. Focusing on already existing practices of organizations and workers in Toronto, Canada, the book goes on to consider the shift to Work and the consequent rise in the social economy which has broken down conventional categories of work and leisure. The author concludes that the social economy presents fundamental challenges to understandings that underpinned the previous economic order. Building on insights from a range of disciplines, The Social Economy will be of interest to students and scholars of international political economy, international relations, labour studies, sociology, and globalization studies.
This trilogy deals with an epistemology of economics, arguing for a radical overturning of conventional analysis and providing an alternative to political economy and social sciences, based not on positivism, but on a normative and programming paradigm. Volume II builds on the work presented in Volume I to explore oppositions to the traditional and conventional teaching of economics, and presents testimonies that are favourable to a trend towards a programming approach, thereby giving substance to the epistemological 'overturning' of conventional analysis. Such oppositions studied include the work of Ludvig von Mises and his theory of praxeology; Ian Tinbergen and Wassily Leontif's preference for 'planning' over 'forecasting science'; Bruno de Finetti and Daniel Bell's support for the base of 'utopia' in economics; the trend from the 'theory of planning' towards the 'methodology of planning, by Andreas Faludi; neoclassic curiosity about the 'multi-purposes approach' and 'non-economic commodities' as investigated by Walter Isard, as well as theories expressed by Herbert Simon, Robert Lucas, George Soros and Mark Blaug. Volume III takes studies further and presents a concrete and practical example of how to build a Planning Accounting Framework (PAF), as associated with Frisch's 'plan-frame' (explored in Volume II), to demonstrate the extent to which decisions and negotiations can be routed in the social sciences.
In 2013 economic crisis is marked by systemic and structural contradictions, exploding inequality, ecological overshoot and the erosion of trust, democracy and community. Trillions were given to Wall Street banks to avert financial collapse on the ground of "too big to fail." Private losses morphed into public losses. Taxpayers shouldered the losses from financial speculation and unbounded deregulation. Government acted as the "errand boy for the banks" (Bill Moyers). Economic problems are systemic and structural, not psychological and motivational. Risk-takers and job-creators have been unmasked. Risk-managers turned out to be risk-producers. The system must be changed because the systrem leads to stagnant wages over 30 years, totally inadequate creation of family-wage jobs paying into social security. Our clientele system confuses public and private, ignores long-term necessities (e.g. universal health care, free or affordable education and rights of nature) in favor of profit maximization and shareholder interests. We face system (collective and political) problems since lobbyists write legislation, corporations are treated as persons, money is regarded as speech (the disastrous 2010 Supreme Court decision in Citizens United) and investment is confused with speculation. Financial investment eclipses real economy investment. Wall Street banks spend over $4 billion over 10 years for lobbying and campaign contributions. The myths of neoliberalism and shareholder value were and are the basis for the 2007-2008 financial crisis. The myths of the invisible hand (that self-interest leads to the public interest), corporate beneficence, money created out of thin air, the Enron-model, the Apple-Google model of billions in dummy corporations or tax havens, the investors-suing-states model and the myth of nature as a free good, external or sink must be deconstructed and abandoned. Cooperation and competition are not opposites but depend on one another. Education, health care, air waves, food, housing and information are public and must remain public. Otherwise they become privileges and we live in a plutocracy or 21st century feudalism. The time is right for alternative economics, reducing working hours, labor-intensive investment, person-related work, access not excess and enough not more. Unlike a chair, an idea can be shared by a whole people! The following articles by Swiss, Austrian and German critical economists could revitalize public debate and understanding. The present system is unsustainable and the future system is still being designed. Radical change is a necessity given the end of cheap oil, climate change and the need to redefine work, security, happiness and health. Only dead fish swim with the stream. You can make fish soup out of an aquarium but you can't make an aquarium out of fish soup. A public debate on job creation, shrinking the financial sector, market failure, motors, models and myths is imperative.
"It is, perhaps, worth stressing that economic problems arise always and only in consequence of change. So long as things continue as before, or at least as they were expected to, there arise no new problems requiring a decision, no need to form a plan. " (Hayek, 1945, p. 523) This book is based on my research for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy which I received from Lancaster University, England in the second half of 1997. It is an analysis of the structural transformation of the economic system in East Germany and the behavioural relations these changes imply. The approach of institutionalised transformation (not the least by the creation of the Treuhandanstalt) is examined with a theory-based framework which is derived from system-theoretical, evolutionary and constitutional-ethical considerations as well as from the newly developed adjustment model which has been constructed as a dynamic transformation approach. A relationship between norm changes, the new institutional framework of the economic system and the compatibility of the latter with changes of the remaining partial societal systems is recognised. Rigidity factors in the system's flexibility to react as well as the adjustment of economic behaviour to structural changes are analysed. The "marginal product of system change" is defined (section 2. 8. 2).