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Designed as a true introduction to the subject, Essentials of Pharmacoeconomics: Health Economics and Outcomes Research, ThirdEdition includes information on fundamental topics, defines terminology, and provides examples for evaluating published research, making it perfect for any pharmacy student or practitioner new to the topic. This updated edition provides the critical foundations of knowledge for measuring costs and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) and evaluating the four types of studies (CMA, CEA, CUA, and CBA); it also explains Markov and Budget Impact Analysis modeling, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using retrospective databases and real-world data (RWD). Additionally, the text summarizes the use of pharmacoeconomic evaluations by decision makers outside of the United States and the extent to which pharmacoeconomic data are used to make decisions in the United States, includes barriers to its use, and discusses future issues. All of this information is designed to ensure preparedness to improve clinical and humanistic outcomes based on available resources.
The pharmaceutical industry is almost boundless in its ability to supply new drug therapies, but how does one decide which are the best medicines to use within restricted budgets? With particular emphasis on modeling, methodologies, data sources, and application to real-world dilemmas, Pharmacoeconomics: From Theory to Practice provides an introduc
"This new text is designed for a student or practitioner who is unfamiliar with "pharmacoeconomics." It provides a straightforward explanation of the essential pharmacoeconomics topics outlined by The Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education (ACPE). It defines terminology used in research and covers the application of economic-based evaluation methods for pharmaceutical products and services. Users will find examples of how pharmacoeconomic evaluations relate to decisions that affect patient care and health-related quality of life"--Provided by publisher.
Based on Dr. Spilker's classic Quality of Life and Pharmacoeconomics in Clinical Trials, 2nd Edition, this streamlined sourcebook offers an easy-to-understand introduction to an increasingly critical aspect of health care. Seven succinct sections review key aspects of health-related quality of life and the essentials of pharmacoeconomics, providing expert answers to your most pressing questions: What generic HRQOL and disease-specific assessments are available? How are these scales chosen, used, and interpreted? What instruments do I need...and where can I find them? What is the relationship between pharmacoeconomics and quality of life? Between outcomes research and quality of life? Well-organized and easy to use, Quality of Life and Pharmacoeconomics: An Introduction will become a standard textbook for professionals and students in all areas of medical research and practice.
In this era of finite budgets, healthcare rationing, medication shortages, and the global aging and burgeoning of populations, numerous stakeholders in the healthcare arena must understand the basic principles of pharmacoeconomics and how these may be correctly applied to facilitate drug development, rationing, patient segmentation, disease management, and pricing model development. Pharmacoeconomics: From Theory to Practice, Second Edition focuses on how to more efficiently and rationally leverage these healthcare resources, not by restricting access to necessary services, but by using them more efficiently. This updated volume arms decision makers with the tools they need to make wise choices in an area where the stakes are extremely high—the health of the global population. Key Features: Introduces the major concepts and principles of Pharmacoeconomics Gives updated information about pharmacoeconomic models, value-based pricing, novel modelling methodologies and international utilization of these modalities in government, the pharmaceutical industry, and health care settings Demonstrates the full range of ethical and moral issues, as well as overall public health and commercial concerns that are often involved in decisions entailing pharmacoeconomic issues Presents both theory and methodology discussions, including real-world examples, in each chapter 'The methods and application of pharmacoeconomics are rapidly evolving, so the new edition of this textbook is very timely. It provides an excellent introduction for those new to the field, whether they be students, professionals within the pharmaceutical industry, or health care professionals more generally. A particularly useful feature of the book is that it gives an introduction both to the main methods used in pharmacoeconomics studies and how these studies are used in decisions about the reimbursement or appropriate use of medicines in several countries.' - Michael Drummond, Professor of Health Economics, University of York
The biopharmaceutical industry has been a major driver of technological change in health care, producing unprecedented benefits for patients, cost challenges for payers, and profits for shareholders. As consumers and companies benefit from access to new drugs, policymakers around the globe seek mechanisms to control prices and expenditures commensurate with value. More recently the 1990s productivity boom of new products has turned into a productivity bust, with fewer and more modest innovations, and flat or declining revenues for innovative firms as generics replace their former blockbuster products. This timely volume examines the economics of the biopharmaceutical industry, with eighteen chapters by leading academic health economists. Part one examines the economics of biopharmaceutical innovation including determinants of the costs and returns to new drug development; how capital markets finance R&D and how costs of financing the biopharmaceutical industry compare to financing costs for other industries; the effects of safety and efficacy regulation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and of price and reimbursement regulation on incentives for innovation; and the role of patents and regulatory exclusivities. Part two examines the market for biopharmaceuticals with chapters on prices and reimbursement in the US, the EU, and other industrialized countries, and in developing countries. It looks at the optimal design of insurance for drugs and the effects of cost sharing on spending and on health outcomes; how to measure the value of pharmaceuticals using pharmacoeconomics, including theory, practical challenges, and policy issues; how to measure pharmaceutical price growth over time and recent evidence; empirical evidence on the value of pharmaceuticals in terms of health outcomes; promotion of pharmaceuticals to physicians and consumers; the economics of vaccines; and a review of the evidence on effects of mergers, acquisitions and alliances. Each chapter summarizes the latest insights from theory and recent empirical evidence, and outlines important unanswered questions and areas for future research. Based on solid economics, it is nevertheless written in terms accessible to the general reader. The book is thus recommended reading for academic economists and non-economists, and for those in industry and policy who wish to understand the economics of this fascinating industry.
Every day we make choices. Coke or Pepsi? Save or spend? Stay or go? Whether mundane or life-altering, these choices define us and shape our lives. Sheena Iyengar asks the difficult questions about how and why we choose: Is the desire for choice innate or bound by culture? Why do we sometimes choose against our best interests? How much control do we really have over what we choose? Sheena Iyengar's award-winning research reveals that the answers are surprising and profound. In our world of shifting political and cultural forces, technological revolution, and interconnected commerce, our decisions have far-reaching consequences. Use The Art of Choosing as your companion and guide for the many challenges ahead.
The first of its kind for budget-impact analysis, this comprehensive guide provides clear and concise instructions for evaluating the impact that new pharmaceuticals will have on the budget for a specific jurisdiction. The book demonstrates how to create a budget-impact analysis using a simple six-step process that is consistent with current guidelines for these analyses. Examples and exercises for each chapter afford an opportunity to practice the six-step process in practical applications. The book progresses from a framework for budget impact analyses to an in-depth review of components and how to develop and present these in software applications and reports. Critical considerations such as uncertainty analysis and validation, and considerations for alternate interventions, such as vaccines and diagnostics, are also covered. This book is a “must have” for the builder and budget holder, with builders benefiting from instructions to identify and estimate all necessary variables and budget holders receiving a guide to what should be included in the analyses they assess.
Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals: Transforming Proteins and Genes into Drugs, Second Edition addresses the pivotal issues relating to translational science, including preclinical and clinical drug development, regulatory science, pharmaco-economics and cost-effectiveness considerations. The new edition also provides an update on new proteins and genetic medicines, the translational and integrated sciences that continue to fuel the innovations in medicine, as well as the new areas of therapeutic development including cancer vaccines, stem cell therapeutics, and cell-based therapies.