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A 17th-century trading post and Indian town in central Georgia reveal evidence of culture contact and change
From 1933 to 1941, Macon was the site of the largest archaeological excavation ever undertaken in Georgia and one of the most significant archaeological projects to be initiated by the federal government during the depression. The project was administered by the National Park Service and funded at times by such government programs as the Works Progress Administration, Civilian Conservation Corps, and Civil Works Administration. At its peak in 1955, more than eight hundred laborers were employed in more than a dozen separate excavations of prehistoric mounds and villages. The best-known excavations were conducted at the Macon Plateau site, the area President Franklin D. Roosevelt proclaimed as the Ocmulgee National Monument in 1936. Although a wealth of material was recovered from the site in the 1930s, little provision was made for analyzing and reporting it. Consequently, much information is still unpublished. The sixteen essays in this volume were presented at a symposium to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of the Ocmulgee National Monument. The symposium provided archaeologists with an opportunity to update the work begun a half-century before and to bring it into the larger context of southeastern history and general advances in archaeological research and methodology. Among the topics discussed are platform mounds, settlement patterns, agronomic practices, earth lodges, human skeletal remains, Macon Plateau culture origins, relations of site inhabitants with other aboriginal societies and Europeans, and the challenges of administering excavations and park development.
In this brief illustrated guide to the national monument located in Macon, Georgia, that conserves ancient Mississippian mounds and 12,000 years of human presence along the Ocmulgee River, Matthew Jennings and Gordon Johnston, like G.D. Pope and Lonnie Davis in earlier guides, introduce readers to the park's history, archaeology, Native cultures, and landscape. Jennings both updates the history and adds an account of the intercultural exchange that the park has brought about between the post-removal Muscogee Creek people native to the area and Georgians of the last several generations. This new guide braids into Jennings's concise historical overview Gordon Johnston's field notes and poems, written while Johnston was writer-in-residence at Ocmulgee National Monument, about the park's woods, streams, artifacts, and wildlife. The book includes transcriptions of oral stories by William Harjo (Muscogee) and an array of photographs and images, many of them new, that span the park's history, including Ocmulgee, an installation by artist Hock E Aye Vi Edgar Heap of Birds (Cheyenne/Arapaho) in Atlanta in 2005.
At the time of Spanish contact in AD 1540, the Mississippian inhabitants in north-western Georgia and adjacent portions of Alabama and Tennessee were organized into a number of chiefdoms distributed along the Coosa and Tennessee rivers and their major tributaries. This book is about one such town, known to archaeologists as the King site.