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On October 3, 1963, a symposium was sponsored by the Bureau of Naval Weapons, Metalworking Processes and Equipment Program, on the application of high pressure in metal-deformation processing. Past research has shown that superimposed hydrostatic pressure can significantly increase the ductility at fracture of various materials. These observations have stimulated considerable interest in applying this hydrostatic-pressure effect to metal deformation processing, where it was anticipated that improved ductility and fabricability of brittle materials could be realized. Hydrostatic extrusion and hydrodynamic compressive forging were two such fabrication techniques discussed at the symposium, and preliminary results were found to be encouraging. Another fabrication process that will be investigated in the near future is sheet drawing, where the effect of superimposed pressure improves the ductility to fracture, it was noted that pressure cycling did not improve either the strength or ductility of steels containing various amounts of carbon. In addition to the mechanical-property effects, hydrostatic pressure has been found to affect measurably, numerous metallurgical properties of metals and alloys. (Author).
As part of the Metalworking Processes and Equipment Program, information was collected on deformation characteristics of metals and their effect on processing operations. The report presents the information collected from technical engineering reports on Government contracts and from general engineering and metallurgical publications. The objective is to help the nonspecialist in recognizing the implications of scientific findings and in applying them in specific operations. This report contains a series of articles covering the following subjects: Ductile Fracture; Application of High Pressure to the Forming of Brittle Metals; Superplasticity; Lubrication in Metal-Deformation Processes; Swaging; Adiabatic Conditions in Deformation Processing; Residual Stresses produced by Deformation. These subjects are treated in two ways: (1) generalized discussions of common processes point out why specific variables must be modified in order to deform certain types of metals satisfactorily; and (2) data on the more difficult-to-form metals are used to illustrate the principles, limitations, and effects of the processes. (Author).
This report describes the characteristics and properties of existing commercial magnesium alloys and compares these relative to each other. Although this report is not intended to serve as a source of design data for magnesium alloys, it was written to provide a simple, up-to-date background of information for the technologist who is faced with the problem of materials selection and who is unfamiliar with the advantages and discaadvantages of magnesium alloys. The eight major alloying elements which are used to control the properties of magnesium are listed along with selected data illustrating the binary phase relationships which exist, between the hexagonal, close-packed structure of magnesium and each of these metals. The nomenclature system for commercial magnesium alloys is explained and compositions and available forms of the alloys are given. Property comparisons of both cast and wrought alloys are presented. There is a section in the report dealing with the joining, forming, and machining of magnesium, and a section devoted to a discussion of a number of finishing systems which have been developed for magnesium alloys. (Author).
A summary is given of the status of the various contracts involved in the U.S. Government's Metalworking Processes and Equipment Program. (Author).
The Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center has con ducted the Sagamore Army Materials Research Conference in coop eration with the Materials Science Group of the Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science of Syracuse University since 1954. The purpose of the conference has been to gather to gether scientists and engineers from academic institutions, in dustry and government who are uniquely qualified to explore in depth a subject of importance to the Army, the Department of Defense and the scientific community. This volume, Advances in Deformation Processing, addresses the areas of Analytical Advances, Workability, Processing to Optimize Properties, Advanced Applications - Materials, and Advanced Applications - Processes. The dedicated assistance of Mr. Joseph Bernier of the Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center throughout the stages of the conference planning and finally the publication of the Sagamore Conference Proceedings is deeply appreciated. The support of Helen Brown DeMascio of Syracuse University in p- paring the final manuscript is acknowledged. The continued active interest and support of these conferences by Dr. A. E. Gorum, Director of the Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center, is appreciated. Syracuse University Syracuse, New York The Editors vii Contents SESSION I INTRODUCTION A. E. Gorum, Moderator Continuum Mechanics and Deformation Processing 1.