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The African armyworm, Spodoptera exempta (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae is a serious migratory pest of cereal crops and grasslands. It can impact upon the livelihoods of farmers in many countries of sub-Saharan Africa, Yemen, some Pacific islands and parts of Australia. Containing as much up-to-date information as possible on the biology, ecology, epidemiology and management of this pest as well as containing an extensive list of useful references, this handbook will be of interest to those working in the agricultural sector, particularly those reponsible for the control of migrant pests.
Fall Armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda) was first reported in Africa in 2016. Since then, it has become a very destructive invasive pest in sub-Saharan Africa. Its main impact is on maize crops and affects different stages of growth, from early vegetative to physiological maturity. In several countries affected by FAW attack, farmer responses have been predominantly based on the use of chemical pesticides. It is important to ensure the safe use of such pesticides by farmers, but also to promote and deploy an integrated pest management (IPM) package against FAW. Farmers need the right advice, tools and resources to sustainably manage FAW. This manual provides farmers and extension service providers easy-to-use information on how they can manage FAW in smallholder cropping systems. It provides information about modules for training trainers in FAW pest diagnostics, scouting, management and data collection. The objective of this training is to provide trainers and farmers with the knowledge and skills that will enable them to identify FAW and differentiate it from other similar pests; understand the life cycle of FAW; and, know how to monitor and manage the pest. This manual gives trainers the information they need in order to support and sustain an IPM approach for FAW management in their communities. The manual is modular and allows for updates in the future as more knowledge and solutions to manage FAW become available.
"Provides a detailed summary of pest management principles and techniques, outlining a broad selection of critical issues regarding current practice and future technology in this area. Discusses the role of soils, weather, and surrounding habitats in regulating pest occurrence and severity."
'The Handbook of Horticulture' provides comprehensive subject-based reviews of horticulture in Tropical African regions generally and west of the sub-Saharan region in particular. This book aims to provide essential and foundational courses in horticultural science, production and business (with particular emphasis on Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa sub-regions by extension) to the general reader. Its scope covered vital aspects of modern horticultural practices, ranging from production techniques of fresh fruits and vegetables, spices, medicinal plants, edible mushroom cultivation, nursery and plant propagation techniques, post-harvest handling, ornamental horticulture and landscape gardening, in addition to extension methods and management principles of horticultural farm outfits. It will be useful for undergraduate students, teachers/lecturers, researchers, policymakers, extension agents, conservationists, NGOs for environmental protection, and others interested in the field of horticulture.
An accessible software package which allows individuals to develop models on the impact of climate in both plants and animals. CLIMEX is used in over 20 countries to examine the distribution of insects, plants, pathogens and vertebrates for a variety of purposes, including biogeography in quarantine, biological control strategies and impacts of changes in climate and climate variability. It can be used to compare climate at different locations, compare climate across a number of years and to match climates against pre-set criteria.
Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.
​​This book provides standards and guidelines for quantifying greenhouse gas emissions and removals in smallholder agricultural systems and comparing options for climate change mitigation based on emission reductions and livelihood trade-offs. Globally, agriculture is directly responsible for about 11% of annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and induces an additional 17% through land use change, mostly in developing countries. Farms in the developing countries of sub-Saharan Africa and Asia are predominately managed by smallholders, with 80% of land holdings smaller than ten hectares. However, little to no information exists on greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation potentials in smallholder agriculture. Greenhouse gas measurements in agriculture are expensive, time consuming, and error prone, challenges only exacerbated by the heterogeneity of smallholder systems and landscapes. Concerns over methodological rigor, measurement costs, and the diversity of approaches, coupled with the demand for robust information suggest it is germane for the scientific community to establish standards of measurements for quantifying GHG emissions from smallholder agriculture. Standard guidelines for use by scientists, development organizations will help generate reliable data on emissions baselines and allow rigorous comparisons of mitigation options. The guidelines described in this book, developed by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security (CCAFS) and partners, are intended to inform anyone conducting field measurements of agricultural greenhouse gas sources and sinks, especially to develop IPCC Tier 2 emission factors or to compare mitigation options in smallholder systems.
This handbook series includes several naturally occurring chemicals that exhibit biological activity. These chemicals are derived from plants, insects, and several microorganisms. Volume II of this series is devoted to methods for isolation and identification for pest control technology.Methods for isolation and characterization are very important for gaining knowledge on how to discover these chemicals when present in such minute amounts (ppm to ppb levels) in nature. Several chemical and biological methods have been developed for isolation, characterization, and analysis of natural pesticides and are included in Volume II.
Field Crop Arthropod Pests of Economic Importance presents detailed descriptions of the biology and ecology of important arthropod pest of selected global field crops. Standard management options for insect pest control on crops include biological, non-chemical, and chemical approaches. However, because agricultural crops face a wide range of insect pests throughout the year, it can prove difficult to find a simple solution to insect pest control in many, if not most, cropping systems. A whole-farm or integrated pest management approach combines cultural, natural, and chemical controls to maintain insect pest populations below levels that cause economic damage to the crop. This practice requires accurate species identification and thorough knowledge of the biology and ecology of the target organism. Integration and effective use of various control components is often enhanced when the target organism is correctly identified, and its biology and ecology are known. This book provides a key resource toward that identification and understanding. Students and professionals in agronomy, insect detection and survey, and economic entomology will find the book a valuable learning aid and resource tool. - Includes insect synonyms, common names, and geographic distribution - Provides information on natural enemies - Is thoroughly referenced for future research