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A new theory proposes that thinking is a learned action. In this remarkable monograph, Derek Melser argues that the core assumption of both folk psychology and cognitive science—that thinking goes on in the head—is mistaken. Melser argues that thinking is not an intracranial process of any kind, mental or neural, but is rather a learned action of the person. After an introduction in which he makes a prima facie case that thinking is an action, Melser reviews action-based theories of thinking advanced by Ryle, Vygotsky, Hampshire and others. He then presents his own theory of "token concerting," according to which thinking is a special kind of token performance, by the individual, of certain social, concerted activity. He examines the developmental role of concerted activity, the token performance of concerted activity, the functions of speech, the mechanics and uses of covert tokening, empathy, the origins of solo action, the actional nature of perception, and various kinds and aspects of mature thinking. In addition, he analyzes the role of metaphors in the folk notion of mind. While intending his theory as a contribution to the philosophy of mind, Melser aims also at a larger goal: to establish actions as a legitimate philosophical given, self-explanatory and sui generis. To this end, he argues in the final chapter against the possibility of scientific explanation of actions. The Act of Thinking opens up a large new area for philosophical research.
Focuses on and teaches positive peer interaction by using motivational readers to teach children the importance of character-building values, while promoting beginning reading skills and strategies.
A world-class thinker counts the 100 ways in which humans behave irrationally, showing us what we can do to recognize and minimize these “thinking errors” to make better decisions and have a better life Despite the best of intentions, humans are notoriously bad—that is, irrational—when it comes to making decisions and assessing risks and tradeoffs. Psychologists and neuroscientists refer to these distinctly human foibles, biases, and thinking traps as “cognitive errors.” Cognitive errors are systematic deviances from rationality, from optimized, logical, rational thinking and behavior. We make these errors all the time, in all sorts of situations, for problems big and small: whether to choose the apple or the cupcake; whether to keep retirement funds in the stock market when the Dow tanks, or whether to take the advice of a friend over a stranger. The “behavioral turn” in neuroscience and economics in the past twenty years has increased our understanding of how we think and how we make decisions. It shows how systematic errors mar our thinking and under which conditions our thought processes work best and worst. Evolutionary psychology delivers convincing theories about why our thinking is, in fact, marred. The neurosciences can pinpoint with increasing precision what exactly happens when we think clearly and when we don’t. Drawing on this wide body of research, The Art of Thinking Clearly is an entertaining presentation of these known systematic thinking errors--offering guidance and insight into everything why you shouldn’t accept a free drink to why you SHOULD walk out of a movie you don’t like it to why it’s so hard to predict the future to why shouldn’t watch the news. The book is organized into 100 short chapters, each covering a single cognitive error, bias, or heuristic. Examples of these concepts include: Reciprocity, Confirmation Bias, The It-Gets-Better-Before-It-Gets-Worse Trap, and the Man-With-A-Hammer Tendency. In engaging prose and with real-world examples and anecdotes, The Art of Thinking Clearly helps solve the puzzle of human reasoning.
Social and emotional learning (SEL) requires students to develop critical skills that will help them thrive in any environment and build healthy relationships. With a focus on the SEL concept of self-management, this book introduces students to impulse control and self-regulation, two skills that align with the CASEL critical competencies. Told through an age-appropriate lens of support and encouragement, this guide helps students understand impulse control and why it is an important skill. It also provides various strategies they can use to practice impulse control in real-life situations. Students are encouraged to think first on their way to building advanced social and emotional skills.
TEN SIMPLE STRATEGIES TO MANAGE ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, WORRY AND OTHER COMMON MENTAL HEALTH CONCERNS. Cognitive behavioural therapy is a proven form of psychotherapy that is often the first-line of treatment recommended for managing depression, anxiety, worry, and other common issues. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Made Simple delivers a simplified approach to learning the most essential parts of cognitive behavioural therapy and applying them to your life. Written by licensed psychologist and bestselling author Seth Gillihan, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Made Simple replaces workbook pages and technical language with quick and highly accessible cognitive behavioural therapy strategies that can be used on an as-needed basis. Presented with simple and straightforward language, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Made Simple encourages readers to succeed with: - Practical explanations of 10 essential CBT principles: such as challenging negative thought patterns, behavioural activation, and overcoming procrastination, organized in a similar structure to in-person cognitive behavioural therapy - Supportive guidance: for creating goals and outlining strategies to help yourself meet them - Helpful self-evaluation sections: to help you track your progress and reflect on what you've learned using cognitive behavioural therapy For people who are interested in realizing the proven benefits of CBT, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Made Simple is a vital resource that will promote personal growth as you overcome challenges and improve your wellbeing.
A road map to better decision-making and a better life! Do you want more out of your life and your job with less effort and better results? Have you ever felt that there just has to be a better way to get there? If so, you're not alone. Millions of people, just like you, are faced with many challenges in their professional and personal lives on their journey to success. Superpower! takes you on a journey where you'll discover seven principles that will help you solve problems faster, make better decisions, and improve your professional and personal life. Develop the common sense insights and critical thinking strategies to unlock your personal power and performance at work and in life. Leverage common sense insights to develop your critical thinking and decision making skills, thus improving your performance and results in the business world Discover ways to make better decisions, implement them faster, get more done with less effort, and enjoy a better quality of life at work In today's competitive, information-overloaded, and challenging economic conditions, there is no such thing as job security—only skills security. The more you learn, the more you can earn and this book gives you the ultimate roadmap for how to think, act, and perform with less effort and better results.
Learn to confidently devise effective solutions in any situation with this fantastic guide to getting things done by focusing your mind and honing your decision making skills Would you like to weigh up a situation and devise a resolution more effectively? Do you want to make decisions confidently and put them into effect with less worry? Would you like to be able to focus exclusively on the issue in hand rather than be distracted by a dozen irrelevant thoughts? Choices we can expect to encounter, from life-changing career moves to the best route to the coast, can expend a lot of time and mental energy if we haven’t learnt the basic skills required for getting things done effectively and decisively. This book is a basic practical guide to the all-important mental process by which we all live our lives – analyzing a situation, sorting out how to respond to it, and taking action accordingly. We discover how to solve problems and make choices swiftly and satisfactorily, how to reduce mental stress while working under pressure, how to turn bright ideas into positive action. Following the techniques and exercises given here, you’ll soon find you are using your brain more efficiently. Your payback will be in greater confidence and greater peace of mind – which in turn will help your mental processing. Step inside this virtual circle now, and join the blessed ranks of the sorted!
Stop, Think, Act: Integrating Self-regulation in the Early Childhood Classroom offers early childhood teachers the latest research and a wide variety of hands-on activities to help children learn and practice self-regulation techniques. Self-regulation in early childhood leads to strong academic performance, helps students form healthy friendships, and gives them the social and emotional resources they need to face high-stress situations throughout life. The book takes you through everything you need to know about using self-regulation principles during circle time, in literacy and math instruction, and during gross motor and outdoor play. Each chapter includes a solid research base as well as practical, developmentally-appropriate games, songs, and strategies that you can easily incorporate in your own classroom. With Stop, Think, Act, you’ll be prepared to integrate self-regulation into every aspect of the school day.