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Did Jesus claim to be the "bridegroom"? If so, what did he mean by this claim? When Jesus says that the wedding guests should not fast "while the bridegroom is with them" (Mark 2:19), he is claiming to be a bridegroom by intentionally alluding to a rich tradition from the Hebrew Bible. By eating and drinking with "tax collectors and other sinners," Jesus was inviting people to join him in celebrating the eschatological banquet. While there is no single text in the Hebrew Bible or the literature of the Second Temple Period which states the "messiah is like a bridegroom," the elements for such a claim are present in several texts in Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Hosea. By claiming that his ministry was an ongoing wedding celebration he signaled the end of the Exile and the restoration of Israel to her position as the Lord's beloved wife. This book argues that Jesus combined the tradition of an eschatological banquet with a marriage metaphor in order to describe the end of the Exile as a wedding banquet.
It is generally accepted that Revelation’s heavenly scenes were intended to demonstrate that God continued to exercise his control even when the audience’s experience might suggest otherwise. In The Abyss in Revelation, Edward Gudeman argues that even though the scenes of the underworld and its inhabitants are describing reality from the opposite perspective, they declare God’s sovereignty and power in an equally powerful way. Examining the motif and imagery of the abyss and the sea in Old Testament, New Testament, Greco-Roman, and Second Temple Jewish writings, Gudeman identifies traditions that John appropriates in Revelation in order to create his unique vision of the abyss. Gudeman shows that the abyss and related concepts in Revelation are variously envisioned as the abode of evil creatures, the place from which they exit, and a prison that holds them captive. In all of this, John consistently demonstrates that God is in control of the activity of Satan and demonic beings and that their destruction is both planned and certain. Original and convincing, this volume sheds light on Revelation’s message about how God responds to evil and advances our understanding of several interpretive problems related to the abyss and its inhabitants. Biblical scholars especially will benefit from Gudeman’s research.
The final book of the Bible, Revelation prophesies the ultimate judgement of mankind in a series of allegorical visions, grisly images and numerological predictions. According to these, empires will fall, the "Beast" will be destroyed and Christ will rule a new Jerusalem. With an introduction by Will Self.
Galatians is one of the earliest of the Pauline letters and is therefore among the first documents written by Christians in the first century. Paul’s letter to the Galatians deals with the first real controversy in the early church: the status of Jews and gentiles in this present age and the application of the Law of Moses to gentiles. Paul argues passionately that gentiles are not “converting” to Judaism and therefore should not be expected to keep the Law. Gentiles who accept Jesus as Savior are “free in Christ,” not under the bondage of the Law. Galatians also deals with an important pastoral issue in the early church as well. If gentiles are not “under the Law,” are they free to behave any way they like? Does Paul’s gospel mean that gentiles can continue to live like pagans and still be right with God? For Paul, the believer’s status as an adopted child of God enables them to serve God freely as dearly loved children. Galatians: Freedom through God's Grace is commentary for laypeople, Bible teachers, and pastors who want to grasp how the original readers of Galatians would have understood Paul’s letter and how this important ancient letter speaks to Christians living in similar situations in the twenty-first century.
Many Christians think of end times prophecy as a gigantic, intimidating puzzle -- difficult to piece together and impossible to figure out. But every puzzle can be solved if you approach it the right way. Paul Benware compares prophecy to a picture puzzle. Putting the edge pieces together first builds the 'framework' that makes it easier to fit the other pieces in their place. According to Benware, the framework for eschatology is the biblical covenants. He begins his comprehensive survey by explaining the major covenants. Then he discusses several different interpretations of end times prophecy. Benware digs into the details of the Rapture, the Great Tribulation, the judgements and resurrections, and the millennial kingdom. But he also adds a unique, personal element to the study, answering questions as: -Why study bible prophecy? -What difference does it make if I'm premillenial or amillenial? If what the Bible says about the future puzzles you, Understanding End Times Prophecy will help you put together the pieces and see the big picture.
Can we all agree on some things about Jesus, regardless of our belief--or unbelief? Perhaps surprisingly, there is a lot upon which all scholars can agree. When surveying historical scholarship, there are certain truths about Jesus that Christians, agnostics, and skeptics must affirm. In The Bedrock of Christianity, Justin Bass shows how--regardless of one's feelings about Christianity--there lies a bedrock of truths about Jesus's life and ministry that are held by virtually all scholars of religion. Through an examination of each of these key facts, readers will encounter the unalterable truths upon which everyone can agree. Useful for both Christians and non-Christians alike, this study demonstrates what we can really know about the historical truth of Jesus' death and resurrection.
Strange hybrid and liminal creatures populate the pages of the book of Revelation but only some are called monsters. Heather Macumber challenges traditional binary descriptors of good and evil to argue that all cosmic beings are monstrous, whether they originate in heaven or the abyss.
The Apostle Paul branded him the man of lawlessness. The Prophet Daniel marked him as a little horn, and a king. John, the author of Revelation, stamped him as a scarlet beast. The Apostle John labeled him Antichrist. Many left behind after the Rapture will be amazed and terrified at his mysterious, yet miraculous reappearance. Who is this troublesome figure that will pervert all that is good and decent and right? Is it possible to solve the number of the Antichrist before he appears? Does the Bible promote or even permit identification of this man of sin who will personify and epitomize the Mystery of Iniquity? Both believers and non-believers have been perplexed and intrigued with these questions for centuries! This book will propel you on an unforgettable voyage to the ancient Roman world, to the very origin and lair of the beast, to the 1st century Church, to the Abyss and back again, to the preemptive death and eternal destruction of Antichrist, to the mesmerizing visions of John, Daniel, and Zechariah, and to high level heavenly counsels. Out of the Abyss will expose and declassify that which has been concealed and classified. To wit: the secret of the beast presumed to be confidential until the body of Christ is taken from this earth. You may not agree with where the journey takes you, i.e. with the conclusions reached. But with all his heart and utmost conviction, the author believes you will enjoy the trip. He proposes that, at the very least, you will be fascinated with the relevance and application of Scripture to some of the most astounding events in human history, both past and future. You will take part in and be enthralled with a partial refitting of the prophetic puzzle.
Recent years have seen much controversy regarding a unified Christian doctrine of hell: Do we go to heaven or hell when we die? Or do we cease to exist? Are believers and unbelievers ultimately saved by grace in the end? By focusing on recent theological arguments, Four Views on Hell: Second Edition highlights why the church still needs to wrestle with the doctrine of hell. In the fair-minded and engaging Counterpoints format, four leading scholars introduce us to the current views on eternal judgment, with particular attention given to the new voices that have entered the debate. Contributors and views include: Denny Burk – representing a principle of Eternal Conscious Torment John Stackhouse – representing a principle of Annihilationism (Conditional Immortality) Robin Parry – representing a principle of Universalism (Ultimate Reconciliation) Jerry Walls – representing a principle of Purgatory Preston Sprinkle concludes the discussion by evaluating each view, noting significant points of exchange between the essayists. The interactive nature of the volume allows the reader to reflect on the strengths and weaknesses of each view and come to an informed conclusion. BONUS CONTENT: Includes entire first edition of Four Views on Hell to help readers grasp the history of the discussion and how it has developed over the last twenty years.
The book of Revelation is the most mysterious and controversial book of the Bible. Yet, God intended that Christians be enriched by its enduring message. Even though Revelation has a blessing for those who read it, many believers still avoid this inspired book. Could one reason be they have been taught that most of Revelation does not apply to Christians? In this first volume of The End Time Apologetics Series, the author challenges the pretribulation rapture position and uncovers how many Christians may not be prepared for prophetic events to come. Although many promote pretrib as a fact, in reality it’s a “theory” that gained traction in America in the 19th century. Further popularized after being published in an immensely popular reference bible, pretrib quickly became the preferred rapture position. As we see prophetic fulfillment happening in the Middle East and around the world, the real question is “What happens if the pretrib rapture theory is wrong?” How will Christians respond if the Church is not raptured before prophetic events occur? Will history repeat itself? Will there be a group of modern-day Thessalonians whose faith will be shaken? In this powerful book, discover how facts concerning the Antichrist, Angels, and the Abyss, are a game-changer for the pretribulation rapture position. Learn what effect it would have if the Holy Spirit is not the restrainer of Second Thessalonians. See actual correspondence between the author and two of the most esteemed Dispensational scholars who made some surprising admissions about who’s really restraining the Antichrist. Will end time events actually turn out as portrayed in the Left Behind series? Will Christians be prepared for the perilous times to come? What could trigger the great falling away? Be forewarned, those who have ears, let them hear what the Spirit says to Christians concerning the Antichrist, Angels, and the Abyss.