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In the 1980s, Thailand experienced a remarkable revolution in reproductive behavior, resulting in a rapidly declining fertility rate. The authors of this book follow an unusual approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the reasons for this decline. Their work makes possible a thorough understanding, in demographic, socioeconomic, and cultural terms, of a phenomenon of critical importance to Developing World population trends and development. The Thai experience is an especially important case study in part because its fertility decline took place while the country was still at only a moderate stage of socioeconomic development and because the changes in reproductive behavior and attitudes have been so pervasive, permeating almost all segment so of Thai society. The authors have amassed an impressive amount of data, which they present and interpret in the clearest of terms, in forming what will certainly be the standard work on this topic, of interest and value to demographers and all others concerned with Developing World problems.
In the 1980s, Thailand experienced a remarkable revolution in reproductive behavior, resulting in a rapidly declining fertility rate. The authors of this book follow an unusual approach that combines qualitative and quantitative methods to explore the reasons for this decline. Their work makes possible a thorough understanding, in demographic, socioeconomic, and cultural terms, of a phenomenon of critical importance to Developing World population trends and development. The Thai experience is an especially important case study in part because its fertility decline took place while the country was still at only a moderate stage of socioeconomic development and because the changes in reproductive behavior and attitudes have been so pervasive, permeating almost all segment so of Thai society. The authors have amassed an impressive amount of data, which they present and interpret in the clearest of terms, in forming what will certainly be the standard work on this topic, of interest and value to demographers and all others concerned with Developing World problems.
The striking upsurge in population growth rates in developing countries at the close of World War II gained force during the next decade. From the 1950s to the 1970s, scholars and advocacy groups publicized the trend and drew troubling conclusions about its economic and ecological implications. Private educational and philanthropic organizations, government, and international organizations joined in the struggle to reduce fertility. Three decades later this movement has seen changes beyond anyone's most optimistic dreams, and global demographic stabilization is expected in this century. The Global Family Planning Revolution preserves the remarkable record of this success. Its editors and authors offer more than a historical record. They disccuss important lessons for current and future initiatives of the international community. Some programs succeeded while others initially failed, and the analyses provide valuable guidance for emerging health-related policy objectives and responses to global challenges.
The countries of Asia, whose combined populations in 1990 totalled 3.1 billion (59 per cent of the world's total), have completed, or are in the midst of, a remarkable revolution in reproductive behaviour - a dramatic shift away from high and relatively uncontrolled child-bearing to a situation where most couples control their reproductive behaviour. This revolution has transcended political, social, economic, cultural, and religious boundaries, and its speed and momentum are historically unprecedented. Partly because of these factors, partly because Asian fertility is a key determinant of world population growth, and partly because the causes of the earlier Western fertility decline are still not fully understood, the Asian reproductive revolution is of great importance and interest to planners and social scientists. This book is the first major attempt to chart and explain the Asian fertility transition and to assess its implications. It begins by examining the relevance of current fertility transition hypotheses to the Asian context. It makes a comprehensive analysis of the evidence - including regional and ethnic variations within countries and comparisons of similar cultural groups in different countries - and challenges conventional theories of population change. It demonstrates how the transition has important implications for social, economic, and welfare policies, and how Asian governments have responded so far. The book concludes by arguing that, based on the Asian experience, an adequate theory of demographic transition must include three separate elements; socio-economic change, the availability and legitimation of family planning, and the pressure exerted by government.
Confounding all conventional wisdom, the fertility rate in the Islamic Republic of Iran fell from around 7.0 births per woman in the early 1980s to 1.9 births per woman in 2006. That this, the largest and fastest fall in fertility ever recorded, should have occurred in one of the world’s few Islamic Republics demands explanation. This book, based upon a decade of research is the first to attempt such an explanation. The book documents the progress of the fertility decline and displays its association with social and economic characteristics. It addresses an explanation of the phenomenal fall of fertility in this Islamic context by considering the relevance of standard theories of fertility transition. The book is rich in data as well as the application of different demographic methods to interpret the data. All the available national demographic data are used in addition to two major surveys conducted by the authors. Demographic description is preceded by a socio-political history of Iran in recent decades, providing a context for the demographic changes. The authors conclude with their views on the importance of specific socio-economic and political changes to the demographic transition. Their concluding arguments suggest continued low fertility in Iran. The book is recommended to not only demographers, social scientists, and gender specialists, but also to policy makers and those who are interested in social and demographic changes in Iran and other Islamic countries in the Middle East. It is also a useful reference for demography students and researchers who are interested in applying fertility theories in designing surveys and analysing data.