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A Textbook of Physical Chemistry, Second Edition serves as an introductory text to physical chemistry. Topics covered range from wave mechanics and chemical bonding to molecular spectroscopy and photochemistry; ideal and nonideal gases; the three laws of thermodynamics; thermochemistry; and solutions of nonelectrolytes. The kinetics of gas-phase reactions; colloids and macromolecules; and nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry are also discussed. This edition is comprised of 22 chapters; the first of which introduces the reader to the behavior of ideal and nonideal gases, with particular emphasis on the van der Waals equation. The discussion then turns to the kinetic molecular theory of gases and the application of the Boltzmann principle to the treatment of molar polarization; dipole and magnetic moments; the phenomenology of light absorption; and classical and statistical thermodynamics. The chapters that follow focus on the traditional sequence of chemical and phase equilibria, electrochemistry, and chemical kinetics in gas phase and solution phase. This book also considers wave mechanics and its applications; molecular spectroscopy and photochemistry; and the excited state, and then concludes with an analysis of crystal structure, colloid and polymer chemistry, and radio and nuclear chemistry. This reference material is intended primarily as an introductory text for students of physical chemistry.
Excerpt from Textbook of Physical Chemistry The method of measurement is the comparison of the quantity to be measured with our unit. This may be ac complished (i) by applying the unit directly to the quantity to be measured, as that of a foot rule to a floor to find its dimensions, a graduated vessel to the liquid to be measured or (2) by the effect the particular quantity to be measured has as compared to the effect that unit quantity has, as in determining the strength of an alkali by titrating it against a standard acid which has been expressed in terms of our unit alkali, or any of our quantitative methods for deter mining the quantity of a particular substance present, as by determining the refractivity of a liquid, the electrical conductance, etc. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
PREFACE. THE Author of this very practical treatise on Scotch Loch - Fishing desires clearly that it may be of use to all who had it. He does not pretend to have written anything new, but to have attempted to put what he has to say in as readable a form as possible. Everything in the way of the history and habits of fish has been studiously avoided, and technicalities have been used as sparingly as possible. The writing of this book has afforded him pleasure in his leisure moments, and that pleasure would be much increased if he knew that the perusal of it would create any bond of sympathy between himself and the angling community in general. This section is interleaved with blank shects for the readers notes. The Author need hardly say that any suggestions addressed to the case of the publishers, will meet with consideration in a future edition. We do not pretend to write or enlarge upon a new subject. Much has been said and written-and well said and written too on the art of fishing but loch-fishing has been rather looked upon as a second-rate performance, and to dispel this idea is one of the objects for which this present treatise has been written. Far be it from us to say anything against fishing, lawfully practised in any form but many pent up in our large towns will bear us out when me say that, on the whole, a days loch-fishing is the most convenient. One great matter is, that the loch-fisher is depend- ent on nothing but enough wind to curl the water, -and on a large loch it is very seldom that a dead calm prevails all day, -and can make his arrangements for a day, weeks beforehand whereas the stream- fisher is dependent for a good take on the state of the water and however pleasant and easy it may be for one living near the banks of a good trout stream or river, it is quite another matter to arrange for a days river-fishing, if one is looking forward to a holiday at a date some weeks ahead. Providence may favour the expectant angler with a good day, and the water in order but experience has taught most of us that the good days are in the minority, and that, as is the case with our rapid running streams, -such as many of our northern streams are, -the water is either too large or too small, unless, as previously remarked, you live near at hand, and can catch it at its best. A common belief in regard to loch-fishing is, that the tyro and the experienced angler have nearly the same chance in fishing, -the one from the stern and the other from the bow of the same boat. Of all the absurd beliefs as to loch-fishing, this is one of the most absurd. Try it. Give the tyro either end of the boat he likes give him a cast of ally flies he may fancy, or even a cast similar to those which a crack may be using and if he catches one for every three the other has, he may consider himself very lucky. Of course there are lochs where the fish are not abundant, and a beginner may come across as many as an older fisher but we speak of lochs where there are fish to be caught, and where each has a fair chance. Again, it is said that the boatman has as much to do with catching trout in a loch as the angler. Well, we dont deny that. In an untried loch it is necessary to have the guidance of a good boatman but the same argument holds good as to stream-fishing...
Excerpt from A d104-Book of Physical Chemistry Theory and Practice It is probable that the majority of students will have had already a few of the more distinctly physical experiments. Much of the general information regarding units, etc., in the Introduction and in the first part of several chapters is also probably familiar to some, but is included for completeness and for reference. Physical Chemistry apparatus which is understood with difficulty or the description of which is instructive, is described under the appropriate topic in the body of the book. All other apparatus, methods, etc., are described in the Intro duction. The Introduction also contains references to all the apparatus considered elsewhere, together with mathematical data, discussion of errors, etc., so that the book constitutes a complete manual for all ordinary work in Physical Chemistry. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Excerpt from A Manual of Practical Physical Chemistry In organising the practical work in connection with a class of Physical Chemistry (1) a teacher may himself carry out the measurements while the whole class look on, or (2) he may divide the class into sets of two or more and assign one experiment to each set, or (3) he may adopt the "one student one experiment" plan. Of these three methods, the third is undoubtedly the best, because a student is made responsible for an experiment in a way that can never be when another is associated with him in the work. In the second method the tendency is for one student of a set to lead while the others make no attempt at initiative and lose the best part of the training obtainable in a laboratory. Close supervision is, of course, essential when valuable instruments are being handled, and frequently the teaching staff is too small for the demonstrating to be efficient according to the third plan, so that the second is adopted, which, however, is much to be preferred to the first. The time available for Practical Physical Chemistry is usually very meagre, and has an important bearing on the organisation of Laboratory Work. The best system would be one in which the question of time had never to be considered. As things are, however, a student, as a rule, can afford out of his day's work only one period of two to three hours for Practical Physical Chemistry. It is important, therefore, that the exercises should be such that they can be finished in one period not extending beyond the limits mentioned. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Excerpt from Physical Chemistry for Beginners IN the book at hand the author has endeavored to collect the most important results of physical chemistry in such a manner that this important branch of modern chemistry may be accessible to those who have not made an exhaustive study of physics and mathematics. The requirements of students of medicine and phar macy, as well as of elementary chemistry, have been especially considered in the preparation of this work. The author desires to express his sincere thanks to Dr. Ernst Cohen, who has prepared the present edition. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.