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Of Demographic Trends in Other Greater Mesopotamian Sub-regions. p. 11.
Raccolta di articoli in onore di Marcella Frangipane riguardo il sito archeologico Arslantepe, in Antaolia orientale
As archaeologist, philologist, and historian, German scholar Ernst Herzfeld (1879–1948) significantly shaped the study of the prehistoric to Islamic Near East. His life and work are reassessed and situated within decisive developments in research and politics in the 20th century, providing new insights into the historiography of the Near East.
Identification and classification of a private Danish collection of seals, which were acquired in Baghdad over a number of years more than 30 years ago. The collection covers a period extending from the late Ubaid to the Sasanian dynasty, c. 4000 BC -- 642 AD, and includes twenty-five cylinder seals from the Late Uruk period to Early Dynastic I, nine Early Dynastic II-III seals, eleven Akkadian and Post-Akkadian, six Neo-Sumerian, eight Old Babylonian, three seals of the second half of the second millennium BC, thirteen Neo-Assyrian and Neo-Babylonian stamp and cylinder seals, three seals of the second half of the first millennium BC, three bullae and a stamp seal of Seleucid date, thirty Sasanian stamp seals, and finally four fragmentary seals of uncertain date. The seals are listed in chronological order by period. The middle chronology has been used for dating.
A History of Beer and Brewing provides a comprehensive account of the history of beer. Research carried out during the last quarter of the 20th century has permitted us to re-think the way in which some ancient civilizations went about their beer production. There have also been some highly innovative technical developments, many of which have led to the sophistication and efficiency of 21st century brewing methodology. A History of Beer and Brewing covers a time-span of around eight thousand years and in doing so:·Stimulates the reader to consider how, and why, the first fermented beverages might have originated·Establishes some of the parameters that encompass the diverse range of alcoholic beverages assigned the generic name 'beer'·Considers the possible means of dissemination of early brewing technologies from their Near Eastern originsThe book is aimed at a wide readership particularly beer enthusiasts. However the use of original quotations and references associated with them should enable the serious scholar to delve into this subject in even greater depth.
An archaeologist and art historian examines the impact of literacy on visual art during the early urban period in the Near East. Denise Schmandt-Besserat opened a new chapter in the history of literacy when she demonstrated that the cuneiform script invented in the ancient Near East in the late fourth millennium BC—the world's oldest known system of writing—derived from an archaic counting device. Her discovery, was published in Before Writing: From Counting to Cuneiform and How Writing Came About, which was named by American Scientist as one of the “100 or so Books that shaped a Century of Science.” In When Writing Met Art, Schmandt-Besserat expands her history of writing into the visual realm. Using examples of ancient Near Eastern writing and masterpieces of art, she shows that between 3500 and 3000 BC the conventions of writing—everything from its linear organization to its semantic use of the form, size, order, and placement of signs—spread to the making of art, resulting in artworks that presented complex visual narratives in place of the repetitive motifs found on preliterate art objects. Schmandt-Besserat then demonstrates art's reciprocal impact on the development of writing. She shows how, beginning in 2700-2600 BC, the inclusion of inscriptions on funerary and votive art objects emancipated writing from its original accounting function. To fulfill its new role, writing evolved to replicate speech; this made it possible to compile, organize, and synthesize unlimited amounts of information. Schmandt-Besserat’s pioneering investigation documents a turning point in human history, when two of our most fundamental information media reciprocally multiplied their capacities to communicate. When writing met art, literate civilization was born.
Archaeological interpretations are built on many types of evidence. While no one method or analysis can fully reveal an extinct economic system, the papers in this volume are each focused on a single category of data to elucidate different aspects of ancient economy and settlement: settlement pattern (Khurban plains), trace elements in sealing clays (Tepe Gawra), seeds and charcoal (Tepe Hissar, Malyan, Kurban Hoyuk), economic texts (Nippur). MASCA Vol. 7, Supplement
Upon this Foundation. - The 'Ubaid Reconsidered