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This dissertation, "Temporary Work in Japan and Hong Kong: the Situation of Female Workers" by Kam-fong, Winky, Wong, 黃錦芳, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled Temporary Work in Japan and Hong Kong: The Situation of Female Workers submitted by Wong Kam Fong, Winky for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in June 2004 There has been an increasing number of single women in Japan and Hong Kong who take up temporary work. This study is based on the review of available literature, questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with single temporary working women in both places. I examine their employment situation, lifestyles, and how temporary work helps or hinders them to meet their personal aspirations. In the discussion of women in temporary work, I find that most of the previous research has focused on married women rather than on single women. My research indicates that most Japanese single women are definite about their marriage plans and are willing to marry a non-Japanese man. Approximately one third of them choose to live alone to experience independence. They do not contribute financially to their parents, and thus, have more disposable income. In contrast, Hong Kong single temporary working women are generally not sure of their marriage plans, yet are reluctant to consider partners outside their own nationality. They typically live with their parents and contribute to the family finances by paying a proportion of their income to their parents. Even after marriage and childbirth, they plan to continue their i work and career. Although many scholars have portrayed temporary workers as being a disadvantaged group, the women in my sample group in Japan do not necessarily regard themselves as disadvantaged. Many of them have a distinct preference for temporary work. They seem to use temporary work as a tool to gain money and flexible time to support their lifestyle. Whereas, the majority of the single temporary working women in my Hong Kong sample group regard themselves as disadvantaged to a certain extent. They do not seek temporary work willingly. However, in many cases only temporary work may be available to them in the current poor economic climate. The study concludes that Hong Kong single temporary working women tend to have similar life goals to their male counterparts and therefore employ a strategy to achieve their goals that includes seeking career-related professional education and a permanent job. On the other hand, Japanese single temporary working women do not have similar life goals to their male counterparts. Their life focus is on the pursuit of activities of their choice, free time, and acquiring personal education that is not necessarily job related. In other words, single Japanese temporary working women focus more on their present lifestyle, whereas Hong Kong temporary working women focus more on their future career. (Words: 407) ii DOI: 10.5353/th_b2929318 Subjects: Temporary employment - Japan Temporary employment - China - Hong Kong Temporary employees - Japan - Attitudes Temporary employees - China - Hong Kong - Attitudes Women - Employment - Japan Women - Employment - China - Hong Kong
(Uncorrected OCR) Abstract of thesis entitled Temporary Work in Japan and Hong Kong: The Situation of Female Workers submitted by Wong Kam Fong, Winky for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in June 2004 There has been an increasing number of single women in Japan and Hong Kong who take up temporary work. This study is based on the review of available literature, questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with single temporary working women in both places. I examine their employment situation, lifestyles, and how temporary work helps or hinders them to meet their personal aspirations. In the discussion of women in temporary work, I find that most of the previous research has focused on married women rather than on single women. My research indicates that most Japanese single women are definite about their marriage plans and are willing to marry a non-Japanese man. Approximately one third of them choose to live alone to experience independence. They do not contribute financially to their parents, and thus, have more disposable income. In contrast, Hong Kong single temporary working women are generally not sure of their marriage plans, yet are reluctant to consider partners outside their own nationality. They typically live with their parents and contribute to the family finances by paying a proportion of their income to their parents. Even after marriage and childbirth, they plan to continue their 1 work and career. Although many scholars have portrayed temporary workers as being a disadvantaged group, the women in my sample group in Japan do not necessarily regard themselves as disadvantaged. Many of them have a distinct preference for temporary work. They seem to use temporary work as a tool to gain money and flexible time to support their lifestyle. Whereas, the majority of the single temporary working women in my Hong Kong sample group regard themselves as disadvantaged to a certain extent. They do not seek temporary work willingly.
Oka explores the motivation that drives economic immigrants - from Latin America, the Middle East, and all parts of Asia - to Japan. His anecdotes demonstrate the unique problems that each ethnic group has faced and the public debate that increasing social diversity demands.
This book with 24 essays will appeal to local and international readers interested in Hong Kong. The latter include the international financial and business community, researchers in Asian Studies, journalists and educated tourists. Published by City University of Hong Kong Press. 香港城市大學出版社出版。
Unfree labor has not disappeared from advanced capitalist economies. In this sense the debates among and between Marxist and orthodox economic historians about the incompatibility of capitalism and unfree labor are moot: the International Labour Organisation has identified forced, coerced, and unfree labor as a contemporary issue of global concern. Previously hidden forms of unfree labor have emerged in parallel with several other well-documented trends affecting labor conditions, rights, and modes of regulation. These evolving types of unfree labor include the increasing normalization of contingent work (and, by extension, the undermining of the standard contract of employment), and an increase in labor intermediation. The normative, political, and numerical rise of temporary employment agencies in many countries in the last three decades is indicative of these trends. It is in the context of this rapidly changing landscape that this book consolidates and expands on research designed to understand new institutions for work in the global era. This edited collection provides a theoretical and empirical exploration of the links between unfree labor, intermediation, and modes of regulation, with particular focus on the evolving institutional forms and political-economic contexts that have been implicated in, and shaped by, the ascendency of temp agencies. What is distinctive about this collection is this bi-focal lens: it makes a substantial theoretical contribution by linking disparate literatures on, and debates about, the co-evolution of contingent work and unfree labor, new forms of labor intermediation, and different regulatory approaches; but it further lays the foundation for this theory in a series of empirically rich and geographically diverse case studies. This integrative approach is grounded in a cross-national comparative framework, using this approach as the basis for assessing how, and to what extent, temporary agency work can be considered unfree wage labor
In almost every country in the world, minorities and indigenous peoples suffer greater ill-health and receive poorer quality of care than other segments of the population. They die younger, face higher rates of disease and struggle more to access health services compared to the rest of the population. This year's edition of State of the World's Minorities and Indigenous Peoples presents a global picture of the health issues experienced by minorities and indegenous communities, features country profiles and case studies, and makes recommendations for addressing these key issues.