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This dissertation, "Temporary Work in Japan and Hong Kong: the Situation of Female Workers" by Kam-fong, Winky, Wong, 黃錦芳, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled Temporary Work in Japan and Hong Kong: The Situation of Female Workers submitted by Wong Kam Fong, Winky for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in June 2004 There has been an increasing number of single women in Japan and Hong Kong who take up temporary work. This study is based on the review of available literature, questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with single temporary working women in both places. I examine their employment situation, lifestyles, and how temporary work helps or hinders them to meet their personal aspirations. In the discussion of women in temporary work, I find that most of the previous research has focused on married women rather than on single women. My research indicates that most Japanese single women are definite about their marriage plans and are willing to marry a non-Japanese man. Approximately one third of them choose to live alone to experience independence. They do not contribute financially to their parents, and thus, have more disposable income. In contrast, Hong Kong single temporary working women are generally not sure of their marriage plans, yet are reluctant to consider partners outside their own nationality. They typically live with their parents and contribute to the family finances by paying a proportion of their income to their parents. Even after marriage and childbirth, they plan to continue their i work and career. Although many scholars have portrayed temporary workers as being a disadvantaged group, the women in my sample group in Japan do not necessarily regard themselves as disadvantaged. Many of them have a distinct preference for temporary work. They seem to use temporary work as a tool to gain money and flexible time to support their lifestyle. Whereas, the majority of the single temporary working women in my Hong Kong sample group regard themselves as disadvantaged to a certain extent. They do not seek temporary work willingly. However, in many cases only temporary work may be available to them in the current poor economic climate. The study concludes that Hong Kong single temporary working women tend to have similar life goals to their male counterparts and therefore employ a strategy to achieve their goals that includes seeking career-related professional education and a permanent job. On the other hand, Japanese single temporary working women do not have similar life goals to their male counterparts. Their life focus is on the pursuit of activities of their choice, free time, and acquiring personal education that is not necessarily job related. In other words, single Japanese temporary working women focus more on their present lifestyle, whereas Hong Kong temporary working women focus more on their future career. (Words: 407) ii DOI: 10.5353/th_b2929318 Subjects: Temporary employment - Japan Temporary employment - China - Hong Kong Temporary employees - Japan - Attitudes Temporary employees - China - Hong Kong - Attitudes Women - Employment - Japan Women - Employment - China - Hong Kong
(Uncorrected OCR) Abstract of thesis entitled Temporary Work in Japan and Hong Kong: The Situation of Female Workers submitted by Wong Kam Fong, Winky for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in June 2004 There has been an increasing number of single women in Japan and Hong Kong who take up temporary work. This study is based on the review of available literature, questionnaires and face-to-face interviews with single temporary working women in both places. I examine their employment situation, lifestyles, and how temporary work helps or hinders them to meet their personal aspirations. In the discussion of women in temporary work, I find that most of the previous research has focused on married women rather than on single women. My research indicates that most Japanese single women are definite about their marriage plans and are willing to marry a non-Japanese man. Approximately one third of them choose to live alone to experience independence. They do not contribute financially to their parents, and thus, have more disposable income. In contrast, Hong Kong single temporary working women are generally not sure of their marriage plans, yet are reluctant to consider partners outside their own nationality. They typically live with their parents and contribute to the family finances by paying a proportion of their income to their parents. Even after marriage and childbirth, they plan to continue their 1 work and career. Although many scholars have portrayed temporary workers as being a disadvantaged group, the women in my sample group in Japan do not necessarily regard themselves as disadvantaged. Many of them have a distinct preference for temporary work. They seem to use temporary work as a tool to gain money and flexible time to support their lifestyle. Whereas, the majority of the single temporary working women in my Hong Kong sample group regard themselves as disadvantaged to a certain extent. They do not seek temporary work willingly.
The Japanese have long regarded themselves as a homogenous nation, clearly separate from other nations. However, this long-standing view is being undermined by the present international reality of increased global population movement. This has resulted in the establishment both of significant Japanese communities outside Japan, and of large non-Japanese minorities within Japan, and has forced the Japanese to re-conceptualise their nationality in new and more flexible ways. This work provides a comprehensive overview of these issues and examines the context of immigration to and emigration from Japan. It considers the development of important Japanese overseas communities in six major cities worldwide, the experiences of immigrant communities in Japan, as well as assessing the consequences for the Japanese people's view of themselves as a nation.
During the first half of the twentieth century, Japanese immigrants entered Brazil by the tens of thousands. In more recent decades that flow has been reversed: more than 200,000 Japanese-Brazilians and their families have relocated to Japan. Examining these significant but rarely studied transnational movements and the experiences of Japanese-Brazilians, the essays in Searching for Home Abroad rethink complex issues of ethnicity and national identity. The contributors—who represent a number of nationalities and disciplines themselves—analyze how the original Japanese immigrants, their descendants in Brazil, and the Japanese-Brazilians in Japan sought to fit into the culture of each country while confronting both prejudice and discrimination. The concepts of home and diaspora are engaged and debated throughout the volume. Drawing on numerous sources—oral histories, interviews, private papers, films, myths, and music—the contributors highlight the role ethnic minorities have played in constructing Brazilian and Japanese national identities. The essayists consider the economic and emotional motivations for migration as well as a range of fascinating cultural outgrowths such as Japanese secret societies in Brazil. They explore intriguing paradoxes, including the feeling among many Japanese-Brazilians who have migrated to Japan that they are more "Brazilian" there than they were in Brazil. Searching for Home Abroad will be of great interest to scholars of immigration and ethnicity in the Americas and Asia. Contributors. Shuhei Hosokawa, Angelo Ishi, Jeffrey Lesser, Daniel T. Linger, Koichi Mori, Joshua Hotaka Roth, Takeyuki (Gaku) Tsuda, Keiko Yamanaka, Karen Tei Yamashita
A ground breaking, global analysis of the way thirty countries manage immigration admissions and citizenship in the contemporary era.
Asia has undergone rapid economic transformation over the past two decades. Despite its constant economic growth, the 1997-98 Asian financial crisis and the resulting surge in unemployment highlighted the vulnerability of national systems that base development solely on economic growth. This book fills a major research gap by exploring the nature, dynamics and functioning of Asian labour markets in eight major Asian economies, including Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, China, Vietnam, India and Malaysia. It examines the type of labour markets that exist in Asia; how they have responded to globalisation; and how flexible they are to changing social and economic conditions. The book analyses how the current transformation has impacted on the key parties, such as employers, employees, trade unions, governments, organisations and society as a whole, and considers the likely future trends and developments in Asian labour markets.
Skilled migration is rapidly rising as countries vie for the 'best and brightest' migrants to fill labour market shortages or to add to their stock of 'knowledge workers'. The 'knowledge economy', and the increasing value placed on human capital over physical capital, has led to what some describe as a 'war over skills'. Within this context, the way in which Australia seeks to attract skilled permanent and temporary migrants is put under the spotlight in this very timely publication. Are we open and flexible or defensive and protectionist? This book compares the policies of Australia with those of other nations. What makes this book unique is the input of lawyers, for the first time in Australia, in the discussion of issues. Their challenge to existing selection policies, taxation systems and recognition mechanisms provides a major new contribution to these topics.
This special issue includes 11 articles from the Inaugural Conference of the East Asian Society for the Scientific Study of Religion. It offers theoretical and methodological reflections, and covers various religions in different East Asian societies and diasporic communities.
This book with 24 essays will appeal to local and international readers interested in Hong Kong. The latter include the international financial and business community, researchers in Asian Studies, journalists and educated tourists. Published by City University of Hong Kong Press. 香港城市大學出版社出版。