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Indonesia, the world's fourth most populous nation, has experienced a remarkable economic transformation over the past 30 years. In the mid 1960s it was one of the poorest countries in the developing world, but by the 1990s it had joined the group of Asian 'tiger' economies. This set of essays examines the record of industrialization, which has been central to Indonesia's rapid development. Successive sections provide an overview of the industrialization process, case studies of selected industries, the contribution of foreign investment and technological development, the role of small-medium industry, and a range of industrial policy issues. Drawing on the country's much improved statistical base, this empirically oriented volume highlights both the achievements of the 'New Order' regime and the many challenges which lie ahead.
This volume provides a lively review of recent economic and political developments in Indonesia and addresses the issue of the country's "Technological Challenge" from a variety of perspectives. These include the policy foundations, the analytical issues, case studies, international co-operation and transfers, as well as particular challenges at the sectoral level and among both large and small enterprises. This is the first volume in English to examine these important questions facing the world's fourth largest country.
Despite increased Western interest in Indonesian economic growth, domestic interpretations remain largely unknown outside Indonesia and have rarely been available in English. Translating key speeches and articles from the political debates surrounding Indonesian economic development, the authors present and analyse trends in development thinking by leading Indonesian figures over the last thirty years.
New technologies present governments with opportunities and challenges in a range of key policy areas such as employment, competitiveness, equity, and sustainability. A consensus is that the national government can play an important role in stimulating innovation. This report explores policy options to facilitate Indonesia's technological transformation and unlock its economic growth potential.
Indonesia's gross domestic product growth rate declined significantly after the Asian financial crisis (AFC) of 1997–1998. The country's potential and balance-of-payments growth rates are only about 5.5% and 3%, respectively. One important reason is that the country's industrialization pace declined after the AFC. Today, Indonesia is still exporting many unprocessed natural resources and simple manufactures (not complex products) with a low income elasticity of demand. This report analyzes how Indonesia's manufacturing sector could diversify and upgrade during 2020–2024 and beyond. This is essential if Indonesia is to attain upper middle-income status as soon as possible. Policy makers and the private sector need to collaborate to identify the coordination failures that hamper the discovery of those products that Indonesia could successfully produce and export. These must be complex products with a high income elasticity of demand. The report proposes a number of policies to expedite this process.
The book arose from a multi-disciplinary study which looked at the development of global-local manufacturing clusters in the context of a developing, Asian economy. The study demonstrates the connection amongst theoretical perspectives such as international business, development studies, economic geography, and organisational learning clusters/production networks through an in-depth case study of the Indonesian automotive cluster. The book gives a detailed account of two automotive clusters (Toyota and Honda) and their contribution to regional economic development in emerging economies in Asian region. The book builds on existing literature to develop a theoretical framework to shed light on the study's empirical findings. The book discusses practical implications for both the business community and policy makers. The discussion on global-local networks in an Asian context supplements existing literature and case studies in the field. This is one of the few books that explicitly links regional clusters to global networks. The book offers a refreshingly international (Asian) perspective to the literature on clusters and economic geography for emerging economies.
This publication contains three case studies which seek to disseminate information on best practices for promoting transfer of technology in developing countries, in order to help establish new industries which can successfully compete in the global economy. These studies were carried out under the UNCTAD/UNDP Programme on Globalization, Liberalization and Sustainable Human Development, and deal with aircraft manufacturing in Brazil, the pharmaceuticals sector in India and the automobile industry in South Africa.
In developing countries, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have a crucial role to play because of their potential contributions to employment generation, improvement of income distribution, poverty reduction, export growth, and development of rural economy. It is in this context that the present book makes a comprehensive in ASEAN countries Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, of SMEs is studied with special focus on growth in out put and number of units, export growth, subcontracting and supporting industries, and development of clusters. The major constraints in the development of SMEs have also been dealt with.