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This document contains transcriptions of testimony and prepared statements on national technology policy with a focus on President Clinton and Vice President Gore's initiatives to support the development of a national information infrastructure. On the first day of the hearing testimony was received from Edward H. Salmon, Chairman, New Jersey Board of Regulatory Commissioners; Robert Pepper, Chief, Office of Plans and Policy, Federal Communications Commission; Vinton G. Cerf, Vice President, Corporation for National Research Initiatives and President, Internet Society; Richard R. Green, President and CEO, Cable Television Laboratories, Boulder, Colorado; Brian Kushner, Vice President, Corporate Development, Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation, Austin, Texas, and E. R. Kerkeslager, Vice President, Technology and Infrastructure, AT&T, Basking Ridge, New Jersey, representing the Computer Systems Policy Proejct. Witnesses testifying on the second day were Donald A. B. Lindberg, Director, National Coordination Office for High Performance Computing and Communications, and Director, National Library of Medicine; Salim A. L. Bhatia, President, Broadband Technologies, Inc., Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Sidney Karin, Director, San Diego Supercomputer Center, San Diego, California; Stephen Gage, President, Cleveland Advanced Manufacturing Program, Cleveland, Ohio; T. J. Rodgers, President and CEO, Cypress Semiconductor, San Jose, California; and Jeffrey Kalb, President and CEO, MASPAR Computer Corporation, Sunnyvale, California, representing the American Electronics Association. (KRN)
Veterans of the high-definition TV wars of the 1980s, the authors, social scientists as well as technologists, came to see themselves as "chroniclers and students of an intriguing and serious techno-economic conflict." Why, they asked, did so few understand the rules of the game? In a broad account accessible to generalist and specialist alike, they address the current national debate about the development of a national information infrastructure, locating the debate in a broad historical narrative that illuminates how we got here and where we may be going, and outlining a bold vision of an open communications infrastructure that will cut through the political gridlock that threatens this "information highway."Technical change the authors argue is creating a new paradigm that fits neither the free market nor regulatory control models currently in play. They detail what is wrong with the political process of the national information infrastructure policy-making and assess how different media systems (telecommunications, radio, television broadcasting,) were originally established, spelling out the technological assumptions and organizational interests on which they were based and showing why the old policy models are now breaking down. The new digital networks are not analogous to railways and highways or their electronic forebears in telephony and broadcasting; they are inherently unfriendly to centralized control of any sort, so the old traditions of common carriage and public trustee regulation and regulatory gamesmanship no longer apply. The authors' technological and historical analysis leads logically toward a policy proposal for a reformed regulatory structure that builds and protects meaningful competition, but that abandons its role as arbiter of tariffs and definer of public service and public interest.
Contemporary discussion surrounding the role of the internet in society is dominated by words like: internet freedom, surveillance, cybersecurity, Edward Snowden and, most prolifically, cyber war. Behind the rhetoric of cyber war is an on-going state-centered battle for control of information resources. Shawn Powers and Michael Jablonski conceptualize this real cyber war as the utilization of digital networks for geopolitical purposes, including covert attacks against another state's electronic systems, but also, and more importantly, the variety of ways the internet is used to further a state’s economic and military agendas. Moving beyond debates on the democratic value of new and emerging information technologies, The Real Cyber War focuses on political, economic, and geopolitical factors driving internet freedom policies, in particular the U.S. State Department's emerging doctrine in support of a universal freedom to connect. They argue that efforts to create a universal internet built upon Western legal, political, and social preferences is driven by economic and geopolitical motivations rather than the humanitarian and democratic ideals that typically accompany related policy discourse. In fact, the freedom-to-connect movement is intertwined with broader efforts to structure global society in ways that favor American and Western cultures, economies, and governments. Thought-provoking and far-seeing, The Real Cyber War reveals how internet policies and governance have emerged as critical sites of geopolitical contestation, with results certain to shape statecraft, diplomacy, and conflict in the twenty-first century.
Aimed at students needing information on specific departments, agencies and committees of the federal government, this title focuses on both the current workings of the agencies and the historical events and people who shaped them.