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The International Pharmacopoeia contains a collection of recommended methods for analysis and quality specifications for pharmaceutical substances, excipients and products. This new edition consolidates the texts of the five separate volumes of the third edition and includes new monographs for antiretroviral substances (didanosine, indinavir sulfate, nelfinavir mesilate, nevirapine, ritonavir, saquinovir, and saquinovir mesilate) adopted by the WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations in October 2004. It includes some additions and amendments to the general notices of the Pharmacopoeia, as well as some changes to its layout and format. Volume one contains monographs for pharmaceutical substances A to O and the General Notices; and volume two contains monographs for pharmaceutical substances P to Z, together with those for dosage forms and radiopharmaceutical preparations, the methods of analysis and reagents.
This report issues a call for urgent action to combat the growing epidemic of obesity, which now affects developing and industrialized countries alike. Adopting a public health approach, the report responds to both the enormity of health problems associated with obesity and the notorious difficulty of treating this complex, multifactorial disease. With these problems in mind, the report aims to help policy-makers introduce strategies for prevention and management that have the greatest chance of success. The importance of prevention as the most sensible strategy in developing countries, where obesity coexists with undernutrition, is repeatedly emphasized. Recommended lines of action, which reflect the consensus reached by 25 leading authorities, are based on a critical review of current scientific knowledge about the causes of obesity in both individuals and populations. While all causes are considered, major attention is given to behavioural and societal changes that have increased the energy density of diets, overwhelmed sophisticated regulatory systems that control appetite and maintain energy balance, and reduced physical activity. Specific topics discussed range from the importance of fat content in the food supply as a cause of population-wide obesity, through misconceptions about obesity held by both the medical profession and the public, to strategies for dealing with the alarming prevalence of obesity in children. "... the volume is clearly written, and carries a wealth of summary information that is likely to be invaluable for anyone interested in the public health aspects of obesity and fatness, be they students, practitioner or researcher." - Journal of Biosocial Science
This publication is an update of Technical Report Series No. 318, Compendium of Neutron Spectra and Detector Responses for Radiation Protection Purposes (1990), that takes into account the major changes in the recommended energy dependence of risk related quantities, the increased importance of high neutron energies, the increased use of boron neutron capture therapy, promising new developments in detector design, new measured workplace spectra and improved calibration facilities. It includes the fluence to dose equivalent conversion coefficients for the recently recommended radiation protection quantities and a large number of fluence response functions for recently developed or improved detectors, as well as over 200 new spectra.