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This book is a volume in the Penn Press Anniversary Collection. To mark its 125th anniversary in 2015, the University of Pennsylvania Press rereleased more than 1,100 titles from Penn Press's distinguished backlist from 1899-1999 that had fallen out of print. Spanning an entire century, the Anniversary Collection offers peer-reviewed scholarship in a wide range of subject areas.
This report presents information regarding the patterns of variation in the salaries paid to public and private school teachers in relation to various personal and job characteristics. Specifically, the analysis examines the relationship between compensation and variables such as public/private schools, gender, race/ethnic background, school level and type, teacher qualifications, and different work environments. The economic conceptual framework of hedonic wage theory, which illuminates the trade-offs between monetary rewards and the various sets of characteristics of employees and jobs, was used to analyze The Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) database. The national survey was administered by the National Center for Education Statistics during the 1987-88, 1990-91, and 1993-94 school years. Findings indicate that on average, public school teachers earned between about 25 to 119 percent higher salaries than did private school teachers, depending on the private subsector. Between about 2 and 50 percent of the public-private difference could be accounted for by differences in teacher characteristics, depending on the private subsector. White and Hispanic male public school teachers earned higher salaries than their female counterparts. Hedonic wage theory would predict that teacher salaries would be higher in schools with more challenging, more difficult, and less desirable work environments. Schools with higher levels of student violence, lower levels of administrative support, and large class sizes paid higher salaries to compensate teachers for the additional burdens. However, some of the findings contradict the hypothesis. For example, public school teachers working in schools characterized by fewer family problems, higher levels of teacher influence on policy, and higher job satisfaction also received higher salaries. In conclusion, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that a complex array of factors underlie the processes of teacher supply and demand and hence the determination of salaries. Teachers are not all the same, but are differentiated by their attributes. At the same time, districts and schools are differentiated by virtue of the work environment they offer. Seventeen tables and two figures are included. Appendices contain technical notes, descriptive statistics and parameter estimates for variables, and standard errors for selected tables. (Contains 84 references.) (LMI)
The History of Educational Administration Viewed Through Its Texts provides the reader a history of the development of the professional field of educational administration. From the Common School Era of the 1840s through the Era of Accountability in 2000, leaders of the profession wrote textbooks to both inform and instruct those desiring to follow in their footsteps. Historical leaders such as Elwood Cubberley, George Strayer, George Counts, and Jesse Sears are identified, and the ways in which their work influenced the profession and the public schools is examined. The various management themes running through the practice of educational administration over a 150-year period are also discussed. Among these themes is the administrator as a: philosopher and manager of virtue, scientific manager, executive, transformational leader, instructional leader in a time of high stakes accountability. The schools of "thought" affecting the preparation of education administrators is also discussed in the framework of general educational administration textbooks. The early textbooks written by the "grandfathers" were compendiums of "best practice" later eclipsed in the 1960s by a "theory movement" to make practice more scientific. This "new movement" was based on research in the social and behavioral sciences. The "theory movement" presently seems to be giving way to a return of textbooks being compendiums of best practice based on "professional" standards. Lastly, an exploration of the development and impact the specialization of the field has had on both textbooks and practice is included. The splintering of the educational administration professorate into finance, law, policy, personnel, and other specialties has had a profound impact on textbooks and practice. The development of standards dictating certification and licensing has also been influenced by specialization as opposed to general preparation. This book is a must for university libraries and every doctoral student writing a dissertation in educatio