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Case studies on self-employed women from Ahmadābād, India and their social status.
Rapid and profound changes are taking place in international development. The past two decades have promoted the ideals of participation and partnership, yet key decisions affecting people's lives continue to be made without sufficient attention to the socio-political realities of the countries in which they live. Embedded working traditions, vested interests and institutional inertia mean that old habits and cultures persist among the development community. Planning continues as though it were free of unpredictable interactions among stakeholders. This book is about the need to recognise the complex, non-linear nature of development assistance and how bureaucratic procedures and power relations hinder poverty reduction in the new aid environment. The book begins with a conceptual and historical analysis of aid, exposing the challenges and opportunities facing aid professionals today. It argues for greater attention to accountability and the adoption of rights based approaches. In section two, practitioners, policy makers and researchers discuss the realities of power and relationships from their experiences across sixteen countries. Their accounts, from government, donors and civil society, expose the highly politicised and dynamic aid environment in which they work. Section three explores ways forward for aid agencies, challenging existing political, institutional and personal ways of working. Authors describe procedural innovations as strategic ways to leverage change. Breaking the barriers to ensure more inclusive aid will require visionary leadership and a courageous commitment to change. Crucially, the authors show how translating rhetoric into practice relies on changing the attitudes and behaviours of individual actors. Only then is the ambitious agenda of the Millennium Development Goals likely to be met. The result is an indispensable contribution to the understanding of how development assistance and poverty reduction can be most effectively delivered by the professionals and agencies involved.
Our world seems entangled in systems increasingly dominated by power, greed, ignorance, self-deception and denial, with spiralling inequity and injustice. Against a backdrop of climate change, failing ecosystems, poverty, crushing debt and corporate exploitation, the future of our world looks dire and the solutions almost too monumental to consider. Yet all is not lost. Robert Chambers, one of the ?glass is half full? optimists of international development, suggests that the problems can be solved and everyone has the power at a personal level to take action, develop solutions and remake our world as it can and should be. Chambers peels apart and analyses aspects of development that have been neglected or misunderstood. In each chapter, he presents an earlier writing which he then reviews and reflects upon in a contemporary light before harvesting a wealth of powerful conclusions and practical implications for the future. The book draws on experiences from Africa, Asia and elsewhere, covering topics and concepts as wide and varied as irreversibility, continuity and commitment; administrative capacity as a scarce resource; procedures and principles; participation in the past, present and future; scaling up; behaviour and attitudes; responsible wellbeing; and concepts for development in the 21st century.
What is Informal Economy An informal economy is the part of any economy that is neither taxed nor monitored by any form of government. Although the informal sector makes up a significant portion of the economies in developing countries, it is sometimes stigmatized as troublesome and unmanageable. However, the informal sector provides critical economic opportunities for the poor and has been expanding rapidly since the 1960s. Integrating the informal economy into the formal sector is an important policy challenge. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Informal economy Chapter 2: Economy of Cambodia Chapter 3: Economy of the Central African Republic Chapter 4: Economy of Kenya Chapter 5: Economy of Namibia Chapter 6: Child labour Chapter 7: Employment Chapter 8: Workforce Chapter 9: WIEGO Chapter 10: Decent work Chapter 11: Waste picker Chapter 12: Economic development in India Chapter 13: Labour in India Chapter 14: Unreported employment Chapter 15: Black market Chapter 16: Tripartism Chapter 17: Social protection Chapter 18: Child labour in India Chapter 19: Renana Jhabvala Chapter 20: Martha Chen Chapter 21: Unemployment in India (II) Answering the public top questions about informal economy. (III) Real world examples for the usage of informal economy in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of informal economy.
International aid is about much more than money. The UN Millennium Development Goals and major events like Live 8 have focused the world spotlight on issues of poverty relief and aid like never before, but have not concentrated on the quality of relationships that can make aid succeed or fail. This book, authored by an internationally renowned group of aid practitioners, reveals the contradictions and challenges involved in forging these relationships. International development organizations combine the unbridled play of power and arrogant amnesia with serious and innovative efforts to create a more democratic world, to support transformative learning and to strengthen accountability. The book explores recent attempts from within aid agencies to go against the current flow of top-down results based management by learning how to build lasting partnerships that transfer power to those at the receiving end of aid. More than just a critique, the authors offer a practical framework for understanding relationships in the international aid system and look at the relevance of organizational learning theory, which is widely used in business.
Half the world's population now lives in cities. Governments and international development agencies have made housing the urban poor a priority, but few focus on women's needs. Based on research conducted in Ahmedabad in collaboration with the Self-Employed Women's Association (SEWA), this book maps the constraints and opportunities that low-income women throughout the Global South face in securing property, which remains overwhelmingly in male hands. Their experiences and vulnerabilities open a window to assess not only land tenure and property laws but also potential solutions such as microcredit financing and diverse theoretical approaches to gender and development.
India has experienced the process of economic reforms for more than a decade. Since 1991, Indian society has passed through rapid social upheaval owing to liberalization, privatization, globalization, advanced information technology, consumerism, etc. The economic reforms have accelerated the process of social transformation which, in turn, has thrown a big challenge to social scientists for understanding the new social order. This collection of papers examines the social transformation in India. The book is divided into three sections: agrarian and rural transformations; rural power structure and transformation of the excluded; and population, gender, empowerment, and transformation. In each section, the editor raises certain issues for critical examination which are analyzed in the contributors' papers. The book is an important contribution towards the developing debate on economic reforms in India, which is essentially unequal and marginalizing besides being anti-poor.
Introduction -- Dictionary -- Appendix A: Garment types -- Appendix B: Garment by country -- Appendix C: Garment types by era
`[The Unorganised Sector] demonstrates the importance of adopting a holistic approach to the needs of poor women' - Jana Everett, Contemporary South Asia This is a practical, experience-based analysis of existing government and non-government schemes which cover workers with no fixed employer or employment in India.