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The abuse of synthetic drugs, or designer drugs, has been recognized as far back as the 1980's. Producers of these drugs work continuously to create legal alternatives to controlled substances like marijuana, cocaine, ecstasy, LSD, and opioids that produce similar kinds of highs. Parents have to worry not only about a child's exposure to illegal drugs, but about synthetic drugs, many of which are produced and marketed directly at children and young adults. Synthetic cannabinoids, with names like Spice, K2, or Scooby Snax, come in brightly-colored packaging, often containing cartoon characters or other decorations to make them attractive to teenagers. Additionally, they are being marketed and sold as legal alternatives to marijuana, cocaine, and heroin. Thus young people believe them to be safe, legal alternatives. However, they are addictive and deadly. That is because these drugs while designed to mimic the effects of certain illegal drugs, often contain a panoply of additional chemicals which can cause increased heart rate, psychosis, and death. The professor who is widely credited with first synthesizing cannabinoids for research purposes, Dr. John Huffman of Clemson University, has said, "These things are dangerous. Anybody who uses them is playing Russian roulette. They have profound psychological effects. We never intended them for human consumption." Indeed, they are often labeled as not for human consumption. But everyone, the manufacturer, seller, and the user, knows they are intended to be consumed.
Synthetic drugs, real danger : hearing before the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, Homeland Security, and Investigations of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourteenth Congress, second session, May 17, 2016.
Often marketed as harmless incense, bath salts, or plant food, synthetic drugs are actually dangerous and unpredictable drugs. The Dangers of Synthetic Drugs discusses the scope of the problem; effects of use and abuse; addiction; treatment and recovery; and prevention.
“Throughout the drug discovery process, pharmaceutical companies, academic institutions, research institutions, and other organizations publish their studies in scientific journals, books and patents. This information exchange, which is essential to the legitimate scientific enterprise, can be, and is, used by clandestine chemists who duplicate the technical sophistication used by the research community to manufacture and market a seemingly endless variety of analogs of so-called designer drugs.”The term “designer drug” is a colloquial term that references substances with properties and effects similar to those of stimulant, depressant, hallucinogenic or narcotic drugs but that are chemically modified to evade control as an illicit drug. Although news reports tend to portray the appearance of these substances as a new trend, designer drugs have been in the illicit marketplace for decades. The distinction of today's designer drugs is the substantial volume and endless variety of designer drugs easily available to the public and the organized, extensive distribution networks utilized by designer drug traffickers.Since the 1970s, domestic clandestine chemists have attempted to manipulate the molecular structures of controlled substances to create synthetic drugs that would have the same pharmacologic properties of a controlled drug, but not expose the chemist or distributor to criminal violations under the Federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA) or similar state statutes. Since these drugs are created in a clandestine laboratory, no manufacturing standards or safety and efficacy studies, such as those required by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with
Although they are labeled "not for human consumption," bath salts and other synthetic drugs are the latest craze for getting high--and they have already proved to be dangerous and unpredictable. Through objective overviews, primary sources, and full color illustrations this title examines How Serious a Problem Is Synthetic Drug Abuse? What Are the Dangers of Synthetic Drugs? How Should Synthetic Drugs Be Regulated? and How Can Synthetic Drug Abuse Be Prevented?
Recoge: Foreword - Introduction - 1.Basic principles for risk assessment - 2.A conceptual framework for risk assessment - 3.Quality of information for risk assessment - 4.Headings for risk assessment - 5.Pharmacotoxicological evidence - 6.Psychological riskassessement (cognotion, mood and mental functioning) - 7.Sociological/crimonological evidence - 8.Public health risks: edidemiological evidence.
It is urgent that parents of teenagers become fully informed on the risks associated with synthetic drugs, also known as “designer drugs.” The United States – especially parents and their teenage children -- face an array of drugs of abuse. Many, such as cocaine, heroin, and marijuana have confronted us for decades. The federal government has developed programs and initiatives to combat these drugs—to prevent use, treat the addicted, and disrupt production and the marketplace for drugs. But the significant threat to the nation posed by synthetic drugs, especially methamphetamine and MDMA, or “Ecstasy,” is a more recent phenomenon. A related threat is the growth in nonmedical use of pharmaceutical controlled substances. Diversion of these legitimate drugs is fueled in part by easy access over the Internet. The most recent NSDUH and other data indicate that we continue to confront increased use of such drugs, notably pain relievers and tranquilizers. This document recommends some new approaches to address this challenge.The United States and its parents face an array of drugs of abuse by teenagers and students. Many, such as cocaine, heroin, and marijuana have confronted us for decades. We have developed programs and initiatives to combat these drugs—to prevent use, treat the addicted, and disrupt production and the marketplace for drugs. The significant threat to the nation posed by synthetic drugs, especially methamphetamine and MDMA, or “Ecstasy,” is a more recent phenomenon. Initial efforts to confront synthetic drugs are already showing results. As demonstrated by the findings of the most recent National Survey on Drug Use and Health (formerly known as the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse) and the 2003 Monitoring the Future study, when we collectively push back, the synthetic drugs threat also will decline.A related threat is the growth in nonmedical use of pharmaceutical controlled substances. Diversion of these legitimate drugs is fueled in part by easy access over the Internet. The most recent NSDUH and other data indicate that we continue to confront increased use of such drugs, notably pain relievers and tranquilizers. This document recommends some new approaches to address this challenge.This document is a product of the hard work of the Department of Justice Criminal Division's Narcotic and Dangerous Drug Section, in cooperation with the Drug Enforcement Administration and several other agencies, and in consultation with various components of the Department of Health and Human Services. We are grateful for their efforts. The Action Plan represents an important step forward in our nation's effort to control dangerous synthetic drugs and pharmaceutical products and, moreover, in the continued achievement of the objectives set forth in the President's National Drug Control Strategy.