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Significant research has been conducted on the development of: (1) heat straightening repair techniques and their field implementation, (2) guidelines and recommendations for heat straightening repair, (3) empirical procedures for estimating plastic rotations achieved during heat straightening, (4) empirical procedures for predicting residual stresses caused by heat straightening, and (5) the effects of heat straightening on the structural properties of repaired bridges. Currently, there is a need for additional research on: (a) the fatigue performance of heat straightened beams, (b) the effects of single and multiple heat straightening on the fracture toughness and microstructure of steel beams, (c) the development of guidelines for evaluating and replacing steel beams subjected to single or multiple damage-repairs, and (d) investigating the effects of realistic heat straightening with imperfections on the properties and serviceability of steel beam bridges. The literature review of existing heat treatments indicates that heat straightening with maximum temperature limited to 1200 F is relatively similar to the process annealing heat treatment. Heat straightening with maximum temperature limited to 1400oF is similar to the normalizing annealing heat treatment. Both these heat treatments repair plastically deformed microstructure by the phenomenon known as recovery and recrystallization. Normalizing annealing is more efficient and faster than process annealing in repairing the plastically deformed microstructure by recrystallization. Heat treatment and repair of the material microstructure is incidental to the heat straightening repair process. The heat straightened beam can be further heat treated to complete the repair of the material microstructure (recrystallization etc.). The practical and economic feasibility of additional heat treatment using electrically powered and controlled radiant heaters was evaluated and found to be reasonable.
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 338: Thin and Ultra-Thin Whitetopping summarizes available information to document how state departments of transportation and others are currently using thin and ultra-thin whitetopping overlays among various pavement rehabilitation alternatives. The report covers all stages of the proper application of whitetopping overlays, including project selection, design, materials selection, construction, maintenance, and eventual rehabilitation or replacement.
"This book emphasizes the physical and practical aspects of fatigue and fracture. It covers mechanical properties of materials, differences between ductile and brittle fractures, fracture mechanics, the basics of fatigue, structural joints, high temperature failures, wear, environmentally-induced failures, and steps in the failure analysis process."--publishers website.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of Civil Structures" that was published in Applied Sciences
TRB¿s National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 604: Heat-Straightening Repair of Damaged Steel Bridge Girders: Fatigue and Fracture Performance explores limits, based on fatigue and fracture performance, on the number of damage and repair cycles to which damaged steel bridge girders may be subjected using the heat-straightening procedure.
A compilation of research in fatigue design, prediction, and assessment Fatigue Design is a collection of research presented at the 1993 International Symposium on Fatigue Design. Detailing the latest findings and most current research, this book features papers on a variety of pertinent topics, including the quantification of service load for fatigue life predictions, identification of stress states and failure modes, assessment of residual life in damaged components, and more. Special attention is paid to the need for simple and reliable prediction tools to help better ensure adequate strength at the design stage.