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Metal ions and metal complexes have long been recognized ascritically important components of nucleic acid chemistry, both inregulation of gene expression and as promising therapeutic agents.Understanding how metal complexes interact with DNA has become anactive research area at the interface between chemistry, molecularbiology and medicine. Metal Complex - DNA Interactions provides a comprehensiveoverview of this increasingly diverse field, presenting recentdevelopments and the latest research with particular emphasis onmetal-based drugs and metal ion toxicity. The text is divided intofour parts: Basic Structural and Kinetic Aspects: includes chapterson sequence-selective metal binding to DNA and thermodynamicmodels. Medical Applications: focuses on anticancer platinumdrugs, including discussions on DNA repair in antitumor effects ofplatinum drugs and photo-dynamic therapy. DNA-Recognition - Nucleases and Sensor: describesprobes for DNA recognition, artificial restriction agents,metallo-DNAzymes for metal sensing applications and metal iondependent catalysis in nucleic acid enzymes. Toxicological Aspects: deals with structural studies ofmercury–DNA interactions, chromium-induced DNA damage andrepair, and the effect of arsenic and nickel on DNAintegrity. This book will be a valuable resource for academic researchersand professionals from a range of pharmaceutical and chemicalindustries, particularly those involved in the development of newand less toxic anticancer metallo-drugs, and in the field ofenvironmental and toxicological chemistry.
Each volume provides the reader, whether engaged in chemistry, biochemistry, biology or molecular medicine, with a comprehensive summary and critical overview of a topic of great current interest written by leading international experts.
This book presents recent advances in dinuclear complexes in which the metal-metal cooperative effect operates for obtaining substrate activation and high performance catalysts. Catalysis continues to be a fast expanding area to design efficient tools in synthesis and in industrial chemistry. It allows performing syntheses with short reaction times, atom economy, reduced consumption of energy and loss of reagents, and low level of wastes. Dinuclear complexes are known to be more efficient than the mononuclear analogues for the reaction rates and the selectivities. This book analyses the latest research, focusing on the key concepts, in building and using these dinuclear complexes. The book is aimed at researchers, graduate students and chemists at all levels in academia and industry.
Schiff Base Metal Complexes Schiff bases are compounds created from a condensed amino compounds, which frequently form complexes with metal ions. They have diverse applications in biology, catalysis, material science and industry. Understanding these compounds, their properties, and the available methods for synthesizing them is a key to unlocking industrial innovation. Schiff Base Metal Complexes provides a comprehensive overview of these compounds. It introduces the compounds and their properties before discussing their various synthesizing methods. A survey of existing and potential applications gives a complete picture and makes this a crucial guide for researchers and industry professionals looking to work with Schiff base complexes. Schiff Base Metal Complexes readers will also find: A systematic and organized structure designed to make information instantly accessible Detailed coverage of thermal synthesis, photochemical synthesis, and more Challenges with different methods described in order to help readers make the correct choice for their own work Schiff Base Metal Complexes is a useful reference for organic chemists, materials scientists, and researchers or industry professionals working with organometallics.
30 years after its discovery as an antitumor agent, cisplatin represents today one of the most successful drugs in chemotherapy. This book is intended to reminisce this event, to take inventory, and to point out new lines of development in this field. Divided in 6 sections and 22 chapters, the book provides an up-to-date account on topics such as - the chemistry and biochemistry of cisplatin, - the clinical status of Pt anticancer drugs, - the impact of cisplatin on inorganic and coordination chemistry, - new developments in drug design, testing and delivery. It also includes a chapter describing the historical development of the discovery of cisplatin. The ultimate question - How does cisplatin kill a cell? - is yet to be answered, but there are now new links suggesting how Pt binding to DNA may trigger a cascade of cellular reactions that eventually result in apoptosis. p53 and a series of damage recognition proteins of the HMG-domain family appear to be involved. The book addresses the problem of mutagenicity of Pt drugs and raises the question of the possible relevance of the minor DNA adducts, e.g. of interstrand cross-links, and the possible use of trans-(NH3)2Pt(II)-modified oligonucleotides in antisense and antigene strategies. Our present understanding of reactions of cisplatin with DNA is based upon numerous model studies (from isolated model nucleobases to short DNA fragments) and application of a large body of spectroscopic and other physico-chemical techniques. Thanks to these efforts there is presently no other metal ion whose reactions with nucleic acids are better understood than Pt. In a series of chapters, basic studies on the interactions of Pt electrophiles with nucleobases, oligonucleotides, DNA, amino acids, peptides and proteins are reported, which use, among others, sophisticated NMR techniques or X-ray crystallography, to get remarkable understanding of details on such reactions. Reactivity of cisplatin, once bound to DNA and formerly believed to be inert enough to stay, is an emerging phenomenon. It has (not yet) widely been studied but is potentially extremely important. Medicinal bioinorganic chemistry - the role of metal compounds in medicine - has received an enormous boost from cisplatin, and so has bioinorganic chemistry as a whole. There is hardly a better example than cisplatin to demonstrate what bioinorganic chemistry is all about: The marriage between classic inorganic (coordination) chemistry and the other life sciences - medicine, pharmacy, biology, biochemistry. Cisplatin has left its mark also on areas that are generally considered largely inorganic. The subject of mixed-valance Pt compounds is an example: From the sleeping beauty it made its way to the headlines of scientific journals, thanks to a class of novel Pt antitumor agents, the so-called "platinum pyrimidine blues". In the aftermath diplatinum (III) compounds were recognized and studies in large numbers, and now an organometalic chemistry of these diplatinum (III) species is beginning to emerge. The final section of the book is concerned with new developments such as novel di- and trinuclear Pt(II) drugs with DNA binding properties different from those of cisplatin, with orally active Pt(IV) drugs which are presently in clinical studies, and with attempts to modify combinatorial chemistry in such a way that it may become applicable to fast screening of Pt antitumor drugs. The potential of including computational methods in solving questions of Pt-DNA interactions is critically dealt with in the concluding chapter.
Nucleic Acids: A Natural Target for Newly Designed Metal Chelate Based Drugs discusses how human diseases are becoming more costly to treat, along with updates on the resistance offered by disease-causing agents. The abundance of drugs in the market has provided great relief to patients, but side effects can destroy the immune system of the body. Patients need to boost their immune system, and at the same time cover expenses incurred to cure disease. Thus, a paradigm shift is needed to design a drug molecule with low cost and easy availability. Metal complexes can be a great example of such a shift, as metal ions are components of biological molecules and can achieve good binding capability to specific targets while not allowing them to damage healthy cell system. Therefore, in this book, a comprehensive compilation of recent data is provided, including the structural elucidation of metal complexes by advanced techniques and the binding pattern of metal complexes with specific targets. Focuses on recent advances and methods adopted for generating new metal-based molecules and their interactions with biomolecules, especially nucleic acids Addresses challenges for developing new metal-based drugs Examines advances in optical techniques for the characterization of metal-based drugs