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This book is intended to offer the reader a snapshot of the field of optoelectronic materials from the viewpoint of inorganic chemists. The field of inorganic chemistry is transforming from one focused on the synthesis of compounds having interesting coordination numbers, structures, and stereochemistries, to one focused on preparing compounds that have potentially useful practical applica tions. Two such applications are in the area of optics and electronics. These are fields where the use of inorganic materials has a long history. As the field of microelectronics develops the demands on the performance of such materials increases, and it becomes necessary to discover compounds that will meet these demands. The field of optoelectronics represents a merging of the two disciplines. Its emergence is a natural one because many of the applications involve both of these properties, and also because the electronic structure of a metal compound that confers novel optical properties is often one that also influences its electron transfer and conductivity characteristics. Two of the more important growth areas that have led to these developments are communications and medicine. Within the communications field there is the microelectronics that is involved in information storage and transmittal, some of which will be transferred into the optical regime. Within the medical field there are chemical probes that transmit analytical information from an in vivo environment. This information needs to be readily accessible from an external site, and then quickly converted into images or data that yield accurate and inexpensive diagnoses.
Activation and Functionalization of C-H Bonds explores recent developments in the reaction chemistry of solution-phase transition-metal based systems with simple hydrocarbons and with more complex organic molecules. More than 20 internationally leading research groups contributed to this volume, and their chapters cover such topics as fundamental theoretical and mechanistic studies of C-H bond activation by metal complexes, catalytic systems for alkane functionalization, and new applications in synthetic organic chemistry. An introductory chapter offers an overview of stoichiometric and catalytic reactions of C-H bonds with transition metal complexes. The C-H bond is the most widespread linkage in organic chemistry, present in virtually every organic molecule. Unfortunately, C-H bonds are famously resistant to selective chemical transformations. The development of methods for their selective transformations has enormous potential value in fields ranging from the chemistry of fuels (for example, the conversion of methane to methanol) to the synthesis of the most complex organic molecules.
The latest developments in photochemistry on solid surfaces, i.e. photochemistry in heterogeneous systems, including liquid crystallines, are brought together for the first time in a single volume. Distinguished photochemists from various fields have contributed to the book which covers a number of important applications: molecular photo-devices for super-memory, photochemical vapor deposition to produce thin-layered electronic semiconducting materials, sensitive optical media, the control of photochemical reactions pathways, etc. Photochemistry on solid surfaces is now a major field and this book which provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the subject will be of interest to a wide range of readers.
This go-to text provides information and insight into physical inorganic chemistry essential to our understanding of chemical reactions on the molecular level. One of the only books in the field of inorganic physical chemistry with an emphasis on mechanisms, it features contributors at the forefront of research in their particular fields. This essential text discusses the latest developments in a number of topics currently among the most debated and researched in the world of chemistry, related to the future of solar energy, hydrogen energy, biorenewables, catalysis, environment, atmosphere, and human health.
Energy production and storage are central problems for our time. In principle, abundant energy is available from the sun to run the earth in a sustainable way. Solar energy can be directly harnessed by agricultural and photovoltaic means, but the sheer scale of the energy demand poses severe challenges, for example any major competition between biomass production and food production would simply transfer scarcity from energy to food. Indirect use of solar energy in the form of wind looks also promising, especially for those regions not blessed with abundant sunlight. Other modes such as tidal and wave energy may well become important niche players. Inorganic chemistry plays a decisive role in the development of new energy technologies and this Volume covers some promising modes of alternative energy production and storage that minimize the atmospheric burden of fossil-derived carbon monoxide. No one production or storage mode is likely to dominate, at least at first, and numerous possibilities need to be explored to compare their technical feasibility and economics. This provides the context for a broad exploration of novel ideas that we are likely to see in future years as the field expands. This Volume covers a wide range of topics, such as: - Water splitting, only water is a sufficiently cheap and abundant electron source for global exploitation; - Energy conversion by photosynthesis; - Molecular catalysts for water splitting; - Thermochemical water splitting; - Photocatalytic hydrogen production; - Artificial photosynthesis, progress of the Swedish Consortium; - Hydrogen economy; - Reduction of carbon dioxide to useful fuels; - Conversion of methane to methanol; - Dye sensitized solar cells; - Photoinitiated electron transfer in fuel cells; - Proton exchange membranes for fuel cells; - Intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells; - Direct Ethanol fuel cells; - Molecular catalysis for fuel cells; - Enzymes and microbes in fuel cells; - Li-Ion batteries; - Magic Angle Spinning NMR studies of battery materials; Supercapacitors and electrode materials. About EIC Books The Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry (EIC) has proved to be one of the defining standards in inorganic chemistry, and most chemistry libraries around the world have access either to the first or second print edition, or to the online version. Many readers, however, prefer to have more concise thematic volumes, targeted to their specific area of interest. This feedback from EIC readers has encouraged the Editors to plan a series of EIC Books, focusing on topics of current interest. They will appear on a regular basis, and will feature leading scholars in their fields. Like the Encyclopedia, EIC Books aim to provide both the starting research student and the confirmed research worker with a critical distillation of the leading concepts in inorganic and bioinorganic chemistry, and provide a structured entry into the fields covered. This volume is also available as part of Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry, 5 Volume Set. This set combines all volumes published as EIC Books from 2007 to 2010, representing areas of key developments in the field of inorganic chemistry published in the Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry. Find out more.
Providing the unique and vital link between the worlds of electrochemistry and nanomaterials, this reference and handbook covers advances in electrochemistry through the nanoscale control of electrode structures, as well as advances in nanotechnology through electrochemical synthesis strategies. It demonstrates how electrochemical methods are of great scientific and commercial interest due to their low cost and high efficiency, and includes the synthesis of nanowires, nanoparticles, nanoporous and layered nanomaterials of various compositions, as well as their applications -- ranging from superior electrode materials to energy storage, biosensors, and electroanalytical devices.
Presents the first comprehensive collection of articles on the fundamentals and applications of a wide variety of chemical sensors. Discusses a range of topics from the development of new sensor concepts to improvement in sensors that have been mass produced for several years. Specific types of sensors discussed include oxygen, electrochemical, microbial, drug, and glucose sensors.
Planet Earth : rocks, life, and history -- The Earth's atmosphere -- Global warming and climate change -- Chemistry of the troposphere -- Chemistry of the stratosphere -- Analysis of air and air pollutants -- Water resources -- Water pollution and water treatment -- Analysis of water and wastewater -- Fossil fuels : our major source of energy -- Nuclear power -- Energy sources for the future -- Inorganic metals in the environment -- Organic chemicals in the environment -- Insecticides, herbicides, and insect control -- Toxicology -- Asbestos -- The disposal of dangerous wastes.