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This book is focused on the fundamental aspects of analysis, modeling and design of digital control loops around high-frequency switched-mode power converters in a systematic and rigorous manner Comprehensive treatment of digital control theory for power converters Verilog and VHDL sample codes are provided Enables readers to successfully analyze, model, design, and implement voltage, current, or multi-loop digital feedback loops around switched-mode power converters Practical examples are used throughout the book to illustrate applications of the techniques developed Matlab examples are also provided
As each area of technology with a potential for significantly impacting any major segment of the electronics industry evolves, it often is accompanied by the development of a succession of new circuits. Each new circuit indeed appears different, employing different components in differing configurations, and claims an assortment of distinct features of "improved performance. " Without a considerable investment of laboratory time to construct, evaluate, and compare each candidate circuit, it usually is difficult to realistically appraise the relative merits of one approach over another. It often is even more difficult to identify the underlying principles which point up basic similarities and differences. Such is the situation in the new and rapidly expanding area known as electronic power processing or switching mode power supplies. The area of switching power supplies has been spurred by the need for power sources of higher performance, smaller volume, and lighter weight in order to achieve compatibility with the shrinking size of all forms of communication and data handling systems, and particularly with the portable battery-operated equipment in everything from horne appliances and handtools to mobile com munication equipment. Static dc-to-dc converters and dc-to-ac inverters provide a natural interface with the new direct energy sources such as solar cells, fuel cells, thermoelectric generators, and the like, and form the central ingredient in most uninterruptable power sources.
Power Supply design is all about detail. And a large part of that detail lies in the practical domain, largely because of the typically small number of microseconds of switching periods involved, and the even smaller tens of nanoseconds of switch transition times --- all these, in effect accentuating various "second-order" effects, that eventually end up playing prime havoc with "normal" expectations of how the circuit should behave. So not unsurprisingly, even after reading several books, most readers still find themselves no closer to the ultimate goal of designing an actual power supply. Sooner or later, all engineers start realizing the hard fact that designing a switching power supply isn't the trivial task it once seemed to be. But even after years of successfully mastering the underlying theory, the ultimate goal of creating a cost-effective, reliable and commercially viable power supply may still remain a distant dream, since success ultimately hinges on experience. That is, in fact, what clearly differentiates a senior and seasoned power supply engineer from the others --- the ability to navigate and surmount a veritable minefield of tricky issues that can only be learned the hard way, by actual hands-on experience on the job. This book presents practical knowledge the author acquired rather painfully, while working "in the trenches" for several years in major engineering companies scattered across several continents. This is intended to be the mythical senior engineer's "bag of tricks," finally made available in the form of an easy-to-read book on your shelf. This book will make life for the ambitious power supply engineer much simpler --- besides reducing significantly, the rigorous requirement of having to be a senior engineer's protégé for years on end, just to gain a small measure of real success in this field.* A practical presentation that answers the important question: why is my switching converter behaving so differently than what I was expecting on the basis of my paper design? And how do I bridge that huge gap?* For the first time, a systematic and thorough discussion of troubleshooting switching power supplies.* Coverage of AC/DC and DC/DC power supplies. * Bench Evaluation of semiconductor ICs used in power conversion --- describing standard and unusual techniques mastered by the author, while testing similar chips at National Semiconductor. * Detailed coverage of vital topics that haven't been covered by available sources --- grounding systems, the subtleties of component datasheets, and using instruments and probes effectively.* Systematic investigation (type of failure mechanism, topology, etc.) and solutions for 5 years of reported power supply issues on a prominent, public web forum. This approach will ensure that engineers will not repeat the same mistakes. * A unique, readable style: personal and direct; no mystification--- just the plain truth, easily and logically explained, with plenty of pictures, graphs and plots.
The most critical part of the modern switching-mode power supply is the regulated dc/dc converter. Its dynamic behavior directly determines or influences four of the important characteristics of the power supply: • Stability of the feedback loop • Rejection of input-voltage ripple and the closely-related transient re sponse to input-voltage perturbation • Output impedance and the closely-related transient response to load perturbation • Compatibility with the input EMI filter Due to the complexity of the operation of the converter, predicting its dynamic behavior has not been easy. Without accurate prediction, and depending only on building the circuit and tinkering with it until the operation is satisfactory, the engineering cost can easily escalate and schedules can be missed. The situation is not much better when the circuit is built in the computer, using a general-purpose circuit-simulation program such as SPICE. (At the end of this book is a form for obtaining information on a computer program especially well suited for dynamic analysis of switching-mode power converters: DYANA, an acronym for "DYnamic ANAlysis. " DYANA is based on the method given in this book. ) The main goal of this book is to help the power-supply designer in the prediction of the dynamic behavior by providing user-friendly analytical tools, concrete results of already-made analyses, tabulated for easy application by the reader, and examples of how to apply the tools provided in the book.
Chapter 1: The Principles of Switching Power Conversion Chapter 2: DC-DC Converter Design and Magnetics Chapter 3: Off-line Converter Design and Magnetics Chapter 4: The Topology FAQ Chapter 5: Optimal Core Selection Chapter 6: Component Ratings, Stresses, Reliability and Life Chapter 7: Optimal Power Components Selection Chapter 8: Conduction and Switching Losses Chapter 9: Discovering New Topologies Chapter 10: Printed Circuit Board Layout Chapter 11: Thermal Management Chapter 12: Feedback Loop Analysis and Stability Chapter 13: Paralleling, Interleaving and Sharing Chapter 14: The Front-End of AC-DC Power Supplies Chapter 15: DM and CM Noise in Switching Power Supplies Chapter 16: Fixing EMI across the Board Chapter 17: Input Capacitor and Stability Chapter 18: The Math behind the Electromagnetic Puzzle Chapter 19: Solved Examples Appendix A.
Harness Powerful SPICE Simulation and Design Tools to Develop Cutting-Edge Switch-Mode Power Supplies Switch-Mode Power Supplies: SPICE Simulations and Practical Designs is a comprehensive resource on using SPICE as a power conversion design companion. This book uniquely bridges analysis and market reality to teach the development and marketing of state-of-the art switching converters. Invaluable to both the graduating student and the experienced design engineer, this guide explains how to derive founding equations of the most popular converters...design safe, reliable converters through numerous practical examples...and utilize SPICE simulations to virtually breadboard a converter on the PC before using the soldering iron. Filled with more than 600 illustrations, Switch-Mode Power Supplies: SPICE Simulations and Practical Designs enables you to: Derive founding equations of popular converters Understand and implement loop control via the book-exclusive small-signal models Design safe, reliable converters through practical examples Use SPICE simulations to virtually breadboard a converter on the PC Access design spreadsheets and simulation templates on the accompanying CD-ROM, with numerous examples running on OrCADË, ICAPSË, μCapË, TINAË, and more Inside This Powerful SPICE Simulation and Design Resource • Introduction to Power Conversion • Small-Signal Modeling • Feedback and Control Loops • Basic Blocks and Generic Models • Simulation and Design of Nonisolated Converters • Simulation and Design of Isolated Converters-Front-End Rectification and Power Factor Correction • Simulation and Design of Isolated Converters-The Flyback • Simulation and Design of Isolated Converters-The Forward
Sliding Mode Control of Switching Power Converters: Techniques and Implementation is perhaps the first in-depth account of how sliding mode controllers can be practically engineered to optimize control of power converters. A complete understanding of this process is timely and necessary, as the electronics industry moves toward the use of renewable energy sources and widely varying loads that can be adequately supported only by power converters using nonlinear controllers. Of the various advanced control methods used to handle the complex requirements of power conversion systems, sliding mode control (SMC) has been most widely investigated and proved to be a more feasible alternative than fuzzy and adaptive control for existing and future power converters. Bridging the gap between power electronics and control theory, this book employs a top-down instructional approach to discuss traditional and modern SMC techniques. Covering everything from equations to analog implantation, it: Provides a comprehensive general overview of SMC principles and methods Offers advanced readers a systematic exposition of the mathematical machineries and design principles relevant to construction of SMC, then introduces newer approaches Demonstrates the practical implementation and supporting design rules of SMC, based on analog circuits Promotes an appreciation of general nonlinear control by presenting it from a practical perspective and using familiar engineering terminology With specialized coverage of modeling and implementation that is useful to students and professionals in electrical and electronic engineering, this book clarifies SMC principles and their application to power converters. Making the material equally accessible to all readers, whether their background is in analog circuit design, power electronics, or control engineering, the authors—experienced researchers in their own right—elegantly and practically relate theory, application, and mathematical concepts and models to corresponding industrial targets.
The World's #1 Guide to Power Supply Design Now Updated! Recognized worldwide as the definitive guide to power supply design for over 25 years, Switching Power Supply Design has been updated to cover the latest innovations in technology, materials, and components. This Third Edition presents the basic principles of the most commonly used topologies, providing you with the essential information required to design cutting-edge power supplies. Using a tutorial, how-and-why approach, this expert resource is filled with design examples, equations, and charts. The Third Edition of Switching Power Supply Design features: Designs for many of the most useful switching power supply topologies The core principles required to solve day-to-day design problems A strong focus on the essential basics of transformer and magnetics design New to this edition: a full chapter on choke design and optimum drive conditions for modern fast IGBTs Get Everything You Need to Design a Complete Switching Power Supply: Fundamental Switching Regulators * Push-Pull and Forward Converter Topologies * Half- and Full-Bridge Converter Topologies * Flyback Converter Topologies * Current-Mode and Current-Fed Topologies * Miscellaneous Topologies * Transformer and Magnetics Design * High-Frequency Choke Design * Optimum Drive Conditions for Bipolar Power Transistors, MOSFETs, Power Transistors, and IGBTs * Drive Circuits for Magnetic Amplifiers * Postregulators * Turn-on, Turn-off Switching Losses and Low Loss Snubbers * Feedback-Loop Stabilization * Resonant Converter Waveforms * Power Factor and Power Factor Correction * High-Frequency Power Sources for Fluorescent Lamps, and Low-Input-Voltage Regulators for Laptop Computers and Portable Equipment
Fully worked solutions with clear explanations The Pulse-width Modulated DC-DC Power Converters: Solutions Manual provides solutions to the practice problems in the text. Fully worked, each solution includes formulas and diagrams as necessary to help you understand the approach, and explanations clarify the reasoning behind the correct answer. The solutions are aligned chapter-by-chapter with the text, and provide useful guidance that can help you identify your level of comprehension. Designed to make your study time more productive, this solutions manual is an invaluable tool for anyone studying electricity and electrical engineering.
First Published in 2017. Although the concept of switch mode power conversion is not new, the technology to utilize it has only recently become available. This outstanding monograph provides a complete overview of this subject, enabling engineers to design and implement systems to meet specific requirements. Using the simplest possible language for easy understanding, Switch Mode Power Conversion offers such helpful features as a complete listing of calculator programs, over 200 references, and numerous graphical design aids ... presents examples of basic converter de­ signs ... provides guidelines for avoiding input filter interaction with converter input impedance ... allows designers to check their work with performance evaluation methods... simplifies the explanation of magnetic components basics ... and much more! With this timely volume-the first, single-source reference in this field-electrical and electronic engineers; designers and manufacturers of electronic equipment; and aerospace, computer, control and communication engineers will gain a full appreciation of Switch Mode Power Conversion