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First Published in 1996 Can wildlife utilization become a sustainable alternative means of land usage? This anthropological study reveals the intricate web of socio-cultural forces at play in wildlife management in Africa, shedding light on many issues central to the management of natural resources around the world. Based on two years of fieldwork in a remote part of the Zambezi valley, where buffalos and elephants compete with foragers and stream-bank cultivators and where safari operators, spirit mediums and wildlife committees exert conflicting rights over natural resources, this book charts the progress of Zimbabwe's experiment in the use of wildlife for the benefit of local communities through the Communal Areas Management Program for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE). CAMPFIRE aims to redirect control and benefits of state-run wildlife management through local community-based wildlife utilization common property regimes. Focusing on the cultural and political dynamics associated with wildlife use, Hasler's book describes the village context, where conflicting and ambiguous rights, and vested interests in natural resources from ward, district, national and global levels, result in a confusion of jurisdictions concerning use, ownership and access to wildlife.
Wildlife conservation policy is often discussed within the braoder debates of sustainable development. The case study of Zimbabwe illustrates how the politically controversial policy agenda of wildlife utilization is part of the wider realm of global environmental politics. Is African wildlife under threat from African people? Large-scale poaching feeds an international demand for ivory and rhino horn Is there a conflict between the ideologies of preservation and conservation? 'Preservation' is concerned with protecting a habitat from any use; 'conservation' allows for managed use. Are conservation strategies politically neutral? The way that wildlife issues are presented masks the inherently political nature of conservation policy-making at the local, national and international levels. Does Campfire live up to its reputation? Does Zimbabwe's much-vaunted community-based Campfire programme, which permits animal culling profits to be used for community development, live up to its reputation? ROSALEEN DUFFY is Lecturer in Politics at Lancaster UniversityBR> Published in association with the International African Institute North America: Indiana University Press; Zimbabwe: Weaver Press