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This book is the first comprehensive book in the world on co-processing of wastes as Alternative Fuels and Raw materials (AFRs) in cement kilns. It discusses how AFR from wastes can play an important role in contributing toward reducing the use of fossil fuel and costs while conserving natural resources, lowering global CO2 emissions, and reducing the need for landfills. The use of AFR in resource and energy-intensive industries is called co-processing, which is discussed in detail highlighting both advantages and disadvantages. Co-processing in cement kilns is a technology that is practiced globally on a large scale for environmentally sound and ecologically sustaining management of wastes from agricultural, industrial, and municipal sources. Considerable amount of scientific and technological advancements has been put in place while developing and implementing this technology at the cement plant operational scales. This technology is in practice for about 40 years or so and has been recommended by Basel Convention for the sustainable management of hazardous wastes and by the Stockholm Convention for the sustainable management of POPs. This technology has now been included in the waste management rules notified by the Ministry of the Government of India and has been provided as a preferred option for the management of wastes over the conventional options of incineration and landfill. The book addresses how co-processing promotes mitigation of the climate change impacts and also conservation of the natural capital in addition to building a circular economy on a large scale. Even though this technology has received required attention and inclusion in the policy framework of many governments, its understanding and awareness with the stakeholders belonging to the academic and other relevant sections are vastly missing. The book will enhance the knowledge of co-processing technology among stakeholders involved in the implementation of the policy framework, design and engineering of the waste processing facilities to suit the co-processing operation, their operation and management, environmental consideration in implementing co-processing, operation and management of the cement plant, quality control, etc. In addition, the book will be useful for students and researchers working in this domain.
Sustainable Food Waste-to-Energy Systems assesses the utilization of food waste in sustainable energy conversion systems. It explores all sources of waste generated in the food supply chain (downstream from agriculture), with coverage of industrial, commercial, institutional and residential sources. It provides a detailed analysis of the conventional pathways for food waste disposal and utilization, including composting, incineration, landfilling and wastewater treatment. Next, users will find valuable sections on the chemical, biochemical and thermochemical waste-to-energy conversion processes applicable for food waste and an assessment of commercially available sustainable food waste-to-energy conversion technologies. Sustainability aspects, including consideration of environmental, economic and social impacts are also explored. The book concludes with an analysis of how deploying waste-to-energy systems is dependent on cross-cutting research methods, including geographical information systems and big data. It is a useful resource for professionals working in waste-to-energy technologies, as well as those in the food industry and food waste management sector planning and implementing these systems, but is also ideal for researchers, graduate students, energy policymakers and energy analysts interested in the most recent advances in the field. - Provides guidance on how specific food waste characteristics drive possible waste-to-energy conversion processes - Presents methodologies for selecting among different waste-to-energy options, based on waste volumes, distribution and properties, local energy demand (electrical/thermal/steam), opportunities for industrial symbiosis, regulations and incentives and social acceptance, etc. - Contains tools to assess potential environmental and economic performance of deployed systems - Links to publicly available resources on food waste data for energy conversion
Sustainable Management of Urban Plastic Waste Through Circular Economic Approaches covers the technologies and methods essential to overcome single-use plastic processing waste. It describes the biotechnological methods, cutting-edge research, procedures, and applications required to safeguard global sustainable development along with plastic waste management. This book: Describes technological advances made towards remediation and valorization technologies of plastic pollutants to reduce microplastic pollution Focuses on accelerating using single-use plastic waste in value-added products Includes examples and case studies of impact and treatment of plastics in the circular economy Explains the socio-economic benefits of reducing plastic pollution This book will be of interest to researchers, scientists, and engineers working on sustainable management of plastic waste, especially in the chemical and environmental engineering and biotechnology sectors.
Advances in Biofuels Production, Optimization and Applications discusses the optimization of chemical, biochemical, thermochemical and hydrothermal processes for biofuels. With a strong focus on applications, the book bridges the gap between technological developments and prospects of commercialization. Initial chapters review efficient hydrolysis and biofuel and bio-alcohol production before reviewing key processes such as biomass gasification, syngas conversion to biofuel, and pyrolysis techniques. Several biofuel applications are presented, including those within the transport industry as well as domestic and industrial boilers. The book then finishes with a review of the circular economy, biofuel policies and ethical considerations. This will act as a systematic reference on the range of biomass conversion processes and technologies in biofuels production. It is an essential read for students, researchers and engineers interested in renewable energy, biotechnology, biofuels production and chemical engineering. - Provides recent advances in the processes and technologies currently used for biofuel production - Addresses the technology transfer of integrated biofuel upgrading and production at large scale - Highlights policy and economics of biofuel production, biofuel value chains, and how to accomplish cost-competitive results and sustainable development - Examines recent development in engines and boiler technologies for the eco-friendly applications of these biofuels in the industry and transport sectors
Sustainable Resource Recovery and Zero Waste Approaches covers waste reduction, biological, thermal and recycling methods of waste recovery, and their conversion into a variety of products. In addition, the social, economic and environmental aspects are also explored, making this a useful textbook for environmental courses and a reference book for both universities and companies. - Provides a novel approach on how to achieve zero wastes in a society - Shows the roadmap on achieving Sustainable Development Goals - Considers critical aspects of municipal waste management - Covers recent developments in waste biorefinery, thermal processes, anaerobic digestion, material recycling and landfill mining
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is the most significant global development of this decade with its influence spreading over the world till next decade. Sustainable Development Goals were presented by the United Nations for adoption in 2015 as- “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, to provide a roadmap for development until 2030. India adopted these goals and integrated global aspirations to our our policies. Today, our policymakers are more concerned than ever towards addressing the problems of poverty, hunger, climate change etc. Sustainable Development Goals has given a new approach to our policy-making. The Protracted policies and approvals with inconsistent results are getting replaced by targeted/ time defined policies and clearances. This book presents the current state of India on each sustainable development goal along with the recent policy initiatives taken in terms of change in domestic laws, policy measures etc. The book follows a 360-degree approach on each goal and presents 17 nicely crafted essays for students aspiring to become future administrator (through UPSC Civil Services Examination or State Public Service Examination). It will also help the informed citizens who care about the nature and aspire a better future of our nation in getting a deeper understanding on the events happening around us.
Effective Waste Management and Circular Economy: Legislative Framework and Strategies is an invaluable resource for researchers, policymakers, implementers and PhD, graduate and Under Graduate level students in universities and colleges analysing the legal framework, strategies in waste management, circular economy adoption, use of mathematical and statistical modelling in setting waste management strategies, sanitation and Hygiene in waste management. While huge wastes are wasted by dumping, there is potential of resource circulation by enforcing legislative framework to effective resource utilisation and creating business opportunities. Circularity of resources in waste streams can contribute to a more secure, sustainable, and economically sound future through the followings: Effective legal framework, strategies and policy instruments, Adoption of circular economy and recycling technologies, Support of IoT and appropriate decision making and modelling, Adoption of alternatives to plastics and other hazardous materials, Economic feasibility as business case, commercialisation, generating employment. This book addresses most of the above issues in a lucid manner by experts in the field from different countries, which are helpful for the related stakeholders, edited by experts in the field. Sadhan Kumar Ghosh, Professor at Jadavpur University, internationally well-known expert working in varied interdisciplinary fields including waste management having research collaboration in 40 countries. Sasmita Samanta, Pro-Vice Chancellor, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India having research experience in management & academic administration. Harish Hirani, Director at CSIR-CMERI, Durgapur, having wider fields of research in IIT Delhi with a number of research collaboration. Carlos RV Silva Filho, Director, Presidente, ABRELPE, Sao Paulo/SP - Brazil & Presidente, International Solid Waste Association, Netherlands has experience of working in number of international projects
This book presents the application of system analysis techniques with case studies to help readers learn how the techniques can be applied, how the problems are solved, and which sustainable management strategies can be reached.