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Surface meteorological and coastal storm-surge data for Hurricane Emily (22 August - 6 Septemher 1993) are presented. These data include maximum surface wind speed and minimum surface central pressure histories, surface wind analyses at times of Emily's closest approach to land, 8 hr prior, and 4 hr following; and storm surge data in both tabular and graphic form for the Outer Banks of North Carolina. The report documents Emily's effects in the primary area of impact. Emily's coastal effects are noteworthy in that inundation of the barrier island system was due to high waters from Pamlico Sound rather than the Atlantic Ocean. (MM).
The purpose of this study is to determine surge hydrographs which may be used in the analysis of proposed and existing highway structures along Albemarle-Pamlico Sounds. Historical data for tropical storms over the period 1886-1996 were collected and analyzed to identify storms proximate to the project study area. Application of the process models (CE Wind Model and ADCIRC Model) and statistical models (EST) resulted in predicted surge values at 25, 50 and 100 year return periods. These peaks were then incorporated into synthetic time series used to characterize the shape of the design hydrograph. The results of the surge modeling suggest that the simple exponential form of the hydrograph, recommended by the FHWA pooled fund study 'Development of Hydraulic Computer Models to Analyze Tidal and Coastal Stream Hydraulic Conditions and Highway Structures', may be inadequate to characterize stations which experience periods of negative surge. An empirical approach based on a damped sine wave was developed as an alternative. The recommended procedure for implementing the results of the study suggests that both types of hydrographs be modeled, with design parameters based on the worst-case conditions.
The perception of risk to natural hazards is a very complex topic and there are multiple factors that influence it. However, two factors have generally been overlooked. Through the use of mail-out surveys of residents in Beaufort County and Dare County, North Carolina, this research explores how risk perception varies with location and addresses how changes in the characteristics of a hurricane influence the perception of their risk to hurricanes. Location is addressed using two definitions. The first definition used the physical location of the resident (either Inner Banks or Outer Banks), while the second definition used the anticipated impacts from the hurricane (flooding, storm surge, wind damage). This created three locational factors that were tested for their association with risk perception. Hurricane Irene provides an interesting case study because of the change in track and intensity prior to landfall. Using the Chi Square Test for Association, the results show a significant difference in risk perception with location. Based on location on either the Inner Banks or Outer Banks, risk perception varies with respect to the issued advisories. Based on residing in one of the damage areas, risk perception varies with hazards associated with hurricanes. Results also show that track change and intensity change influence the perception of risk. Based on track change, Inner Banks residents believed they were at greater risk and had increases in their perceptions of personal risk. However, based on intensity change, Outer Banks residents perceived themselves to be at more risk than did Inner Banks residents. Overall, a majority of respondents believed that the track change increased the hazards associated with hurricanes, while the intensity reduction decreased them. While both location and damage area show their own associations with risk perception, combining location with damage area presents a broader picture of how risk perception varies with location.
Tide and Time is a photojournalism and reporting project by Justin Cook in collaboration with Southerly Magazine and The Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting's Connected Coastlines Initiative? that documents the accelerating effects of climate change and erosion on North Carolina's Outer Banks. The work focuses on a tiny historic cemetery that is slowly washing into the Pamlico Sound.Through portraits, landscapes, aerial images, and interviews the work documents the locals trying to preserve the cemetery, the eroding marsh ecosystem around it, and Jean Hooper, 85, for whom the cemetery is sacred ground, and still wants to be buried there beside her husband and grandparents even if the sea eventually takes her bones. Justin also has a possible family connection to this story: His late grandfather was from the Outer Banks and the preservationists discovered that they share a distant ancestor who was once buried there, but years ago a storm sucked her casket into the Pamlico Sound.A decades-long erosion study and other research by prominent North Carolina sea level rise scientists informs the science in this project, and my work visually illustrates this science through the slow creep of climate change in the lives of ordinary people, and translates the science into a visual and emotional language to which the average person can relate. Tide and Time investigates the psychological impacts of climate change, particularly 'solastalgia,' or a sense of homesickness and loss that some Outer Banks locals feel while still at home as climate change renders their home unfamiliar.