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C. Subramania Bharati (1882-1921) was one of the builders of modern India. An early nationalist thinker from South India, Bharati's literary genius ignited a Renaissance in the literature of his native language, Tamil. He is known as the Mahakavi (supreme poet) of the Tamils. Bharati can lay the claim to being one of India's foremost egalitarian writers, arguing for the supremacy of women and the irrelevance of caste. The popularity of his songs during the freedom movement, long after his death, led to the government of India 'giving' the copyright of his works to the people of India as a gift. The book is a collection of the entirety of Bharati's own, original writings in English, edited and annotated with an introduction. It includes a variety of short essays and poems, journalistic pieces and historical essays--offering uniquely Indian perspectives on local, national, and international events of the day--to intensely personal journal entries exploring his fear of death, and his fascination with personal mastery of the mind and self.
Honoured at a public function when he was a mere boy of eleven with the title 'Bharati' (one blessed by Saraswati, the Goddess of Learning), C. Subramania Bharati (1882-1921) is renowned as the herald of the renaissance in Tamil literature. The simplicity and lyricism that marked his poetry reflect a clear shift in sensibility and craft from the classical tradition, which had adhered to strictures of style, imagery and language for over 2000 years. Panchali's Pledge is the English translation of Bharati's seminal work, Panchali Sabadham, which reimagines the pivotal Game of Dice incident in the Mahabharata, where coerced into playing a game of dice by Duryodhana and Sakuni, Yudhisthira, the eldest of the Pandavas, stakes and loses his kingdom, his wealth, his brothers and finally Draupadi, leading to her disrobing and her rescue by the divine intervention of Lord Krishna. Enraged at the quiet indifference of those present in the assembly at her plight, Draupadi finally takes a pledge to avenge her ignominy with the blood of the Kauravas. Bharati wrote and published the first of the two-part minor epic in 1912 while living in the French territory of Pondicherry to escape British persecution. It was intended as a political allegory to the ongoing freedom movement and as an affirmation of the latent power in women. Usha Rajagopalan's translation seeks to complement what Bharati himself set out to do with the original text: to 'create an epic using simple phrases, a simple style, easily understood prosody and rhythm which the common man appreciates.'
In the melody that is heard all day long In the teeming city and in nature's wilderness In all these notes I have lost myself.' Honoured at a public function when he was a mere boy of eleven with the title 'Bharati' (one blessed by Saraswati the Goddess of Learning) C. Subramania Bharati (1882-1921) is renowned as the herald of the renaissance of Tamil literature. The simplicity and lyricism that marked his poetry reflect a clear shift in sensibility and craft from the classical tradition which had adhered to strictures of style, imagery and language for over 2000 years. Ranging from the fiercely patriotic and the deeply romantic to the humbling intensity of devotion and the sharp criticism of self and society, this selection brings together poems that reflect the very essence of Bharati's broad philosophy. Usha Rajagopalan's stellar translations echo the lyricism and transformative power that have lent Bharati's poetry their distinctive enduring quality.
Comparative study of the poetical works of Robert Frost, 1874-1963, American poet, and Pāratiyār, 1882-1921, Tamil poet.
Biography of the Tamil poet C. Subrahmanya Bharati, 1882-1921.