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Basic refraction is a foundational part of ophthalmology, and yet beginning ophthalmology residents and ophthalmic technicians are often left on their own to learn the finer points. Despite being core skills, the techniques and practical aspects of subjective refraction and prescribing glasses are often developed by trial and error, if they are developed at all. Subjective Refraction and Prescribing Glasses: The Number One (or Number Two) Guide to Practical Techniques and Principles, Third Edition is designed as a complete guide to those essential skills, offering everything from basic terminology to tips, tricks, and best practices. This updated Third Edition has been expanded in every section with thoughtful, practical advice, and has case scenarios, in a question and answer format, of situations encountered with real-world patients. It is the most comprehensive review of clinical subjective refraction to date. Drs. Richard Kolker and Andrew Kolker together have nearly 50 years of experience in the practice of ophthalmology and bring both the fresh eyes of a beginning ophthalmologist and the experience of a seasoned veteran to this Third Edition. While new residents and technicians will appreciate the thorough explanation of refractive fundamentals, even expert ophthalmologists will appreciate the practical tips that may have never occurred to them. Included are: Very clear, easy-to-read, practical explanations of the subjective refraction process Basic practical optics to explain the steps of subjective refraction The Jackson Cross Cylinder made easy to understand and use Plus and mInus cylinder methods discussed separately and color coded for quick identification An Appendix with a primer on retinoscopy and how to use the manual lensometer The art of subjective refraction and prescribing glasses Subjective Refraction and Prescribing Glasses: The Number One (or Number Two) Guide to Practical Techniques and Principles, Third Edition is the definitive guide to the often neglected skills involved in clinical subjective refraction. Residents and technicians will find it a critical guide in their learning process, but even seasoned ophthalmologists can benefit from the tips and tricks enclosed within.
Subjective Refraction and Prescribing Glasses is an essential guide for everyone refracting patients, from the novice to the experienced. It presents refraction in a clear and accessible manner, with emphasis on the practical.
Now updated and expanded to cover the latest technologies, this full-color text on clinical refraction uses an easy-to-read format to give optometry students and practitioners all the important information they need. Also covers a wide range of other aspects of the eye exam, including anterior and posterior segment evaluations, contact lens, ocular pharmacology, and visual field analysis. Four new chapters cover wavefront-guided refraction, optical correction with refractive surgeries, prosthetic devices, and patients with ocular pathology. - Offer precise, step-by-step how-to's for performing all of the most effective refractive techniques. - Presents individualized refractive approaches for the full range of patients, including special patient populations. - Contriubtors are internationally recognized, leading authorities in the field. - New full-color design with full-color images throughout. - Completely updated and expanded to include current technologies. - A new chapter on Optical Correction with Refractive Surgeries, including keratoplasty, traditional refractive surgeries (e.g. LASIK and PRK), crystalline lens extraction with and without pseudophakia, the new presbyopic surgery, etc. - A new chapter on Wavefront Guided Refraction provides information on the advantages and limitations the Hartmann-Shack Method for objective refraction plus aberrometry and the refraction and the use of in the correction of the eye with spectacles, contact lenses, and refractive surgery. - A new chapter on Patients with Ocular Pathology reflects the most current knowledge of patients with ocular pathologies. - Provides information on Optical Correction with Prosthetic Devices, including corneal onlays, stromal implants, phakic intraocular lenses, etc. - Includes new chapters and/or discussions on such topics as: Aberrations of the Eye, Refractive Consequences of Eye Pathology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Dry Eye, Diagnosis of Pathology of the Anterior Segment, Diagnosis of Glaucoma, and Diagnosis of Pathology of the Posterior Segment. - Visual Acuity chapter expanded to include the effect of refractive error on visual acuity and statistics on how much of a change in visual acuity is significant. - Objective Refraction, Corneal Topography, and Visual Field Analysis chapters include the addition of new electro-optical and computer techniques and equipment. - Chapters on Multifocal Spectacle Lenses and Contact Lenses now cover newer progressive addition lenses and contact lenses that are now on the market. - Electrodiagnosis chapter revised to take a more clinical approach.
This book elucidates the principles of sound clinical examination in ophthalmology. Based on the author’s extensive teaching experience, it makes the case for arriving at a diagnosis through detailed clinical examinations, including history taking, knowledge of clinical epidemiology, and using only the most relevant clinical tests. Starting with basic chapters on relevant statistics and clinical epidemiology, the book covers history-taking, visual function assessment, slit lamp examination, and examinations of each important field (e.g. the lids, orbit, cornea, iris and pupil, glaucoma patients, sclera, lens, posterior segment, pediatric patient and neuro-ophthalmology) in separate chapters. Full of practical tips on examining patients at the clinic, the book also describes the rationale behind each clinical test and its interpretation. It is also hoped that teachers who come across this book will evaluate students on the basis of these relevant clinical examinations rather than quizzing them on esoteric clinical tests that are not routinely used and are of little clinical value. This book is intended to help all ophthalmologists, beginners and veterans alike, improve their clinical examination thinking and skills.
Well organized and easy to read, Clinical Procedures in Primary Eye Care, 5th Edition, takes an accessible, step-by-step approach to describing the commonly used primary care procedures that facilitate accurate diagnosis and effective patient management. This practical, clinically-focused text offers succinct descriptions of today's most frequently encountered optometric techniques supported by research-based evidence. You'll find essential instructions for mastering the procedures you need to know, including recent technical advances in the field. - Discusses technical advances that are dramatically altering optometry: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and ultra-wide field imaging (optomaps). - Presents outstanding new digital images of OCT cases and optomaps for a wide variety of conditions of the central and peripheral retina. - Focuses on evidence-based optometry; all procedures include a section that reviews when and how the procedure should be measured and uses clinical wisdom in addition to research-based evidence. - Presents new digital images of normal variations of the eye – crucial visual support for understanding what is normal and what is disease. - Helps you clearly visualize procedures and eye disorders through full-color photographs, diagrams, and video clips. - Provides fully revised print on dry eye assessment based on the latest international Dry Eye Workshop (DEWS) guidelines. - Features coverage of changes in the eye due to high myopia, and expounds the need for myopia control techniques. - Offers extensive material online to enhance learning: video clips, interactive testing sections, additional photographs, and more. - Expert ConsultTM eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Refraction and retinoscopy are essential skills in progression through ophthalmology specialty training and require consistent practice. This second edition is a comprehensive introduction and revision guide specifically tailored for candidates sitting the Refraction Certificate, as assessed by the Royal College of Ophthalmologists. Key Features: Presents concise explanations of the theory and application of refraction and retinoscopy techniques, with excellent guided illustrations throughout Provides a step-by-step framework for how best to prepare for the recently updated format of the Refraction Certificate