Download Free Structure And Equivalence Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online Structure And Equivalence and write the review.

This Element explores what it means for two theories in physics to be equivalent (or inequivalent), and what lessons can be drawn about their structure as a result. It does so through a twofold approach. On the one hand, it provides a synoptic overview of the logical tools that have been employed in recent philosophy of physics to explore these topics: definition, translation, Ramsey sentences, and category theory. On the other, it provides a detailed case study of how these ideas may be applied to understand the dynamical and spatiotemporal structure of Newtonian mechanics - in particular, in light of the symmetries of Newtonian theory. In so doing, it brings together a great deal of exciting recent work in the literature, and is sure to be a valuable companion for all those interested in these topics.
Cross-cultural research is now an undeniable part of mainstream psychology and has had a major impact on conceptual models of human behavior. Although it is true that the basic principles of social psychological methodology and data analysis are applicable to cross-cultural research, there are a number of issues that are distinct to it, including managing incongruities of language and quantifying cultural response sets in the use of scales. Cross-Cultural Research Methods in Psychology provides state-of-the-art knowledge about the methodological problems that need to be addressed if a researcher is to conduct valid and reliable cross-cultural research. It also offers practical advice and examples of solutions to those problems and is a must-read for any student of culture.
Ronald Burt describes the social structural theory of competition that has developed through the last two decades. The contrast between perfect competition and monopoly is replaced with a network model of competition. The basic element in this account is the structural hole: a gap between two individuals with complementary resources or information. When the two are connected through a third individual as entrepreneur, the gap is filled, creating important advantages for the entrepreneur. Competitive advantage is a matter of access to structural holes in relation to market transactions.
Drawing on a wide range of mathematical disciplines, including geometry, analysis, applied mathematics and algebra, this book presents an innovative synthesis of methods used to study problems of equivalence and symmetry which arise in a variety of mathematical fields and physical applications. Systematic and constructive methods for solving equivalence problems and calculating symmetries are developed and applied to a wide variety of mathematical systems, including differential equations, variational problems, manifolds, Riemannian metrics, polynomials and differential operators. Particular emphasis is given to the construction and classification of invariants, and to the reductions of complicated objects to simple canonical forms. This book will be a valuable resource for students and researchers in geometry, analysis, algebra, mathematical physics and other related fields.
This book provides a practical but scientifically grounded step-by-step approach to the adaptation of tests in linguistic and cultural contexts.
This book is about scientific theories of a particular kind - theories of mathematical physics. Examples of such theories are classical and relativis tic particle mechanics, classical electrodynamics, classical thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, hydrodynamics, and quantum mechanics. Roughly, these are theories in which a certain mathematical structure is employed to make statements about some fragment of the world. Most of the book is simply an elaboration of this rough characterization of theories of mathematical physics. It is argued that each theory of mathematical physics has associated with it a certain characteristic mathematical struc ture. This structure may be used in a variety of ways to make empirical claims about putative applications of the theory. Typically - though not necessarily - the way this structure is used in making such claims requires that certain elements in the structure play essentially different roles. Some playa "theoretical" role; others playa "non-theoretical" role. For example, in classical particle mechanics, mass and force playa theoretical role while position plays a non-theoretical role. Some attention is given to showing how this distinction can be drawn and describing precisely the way in which the theoretical and non-theoretical elements function in the claims of the theory. An attempt is made to say, rather precisely, what a theory of mathematical physics is and how you tell one such theory from anothe- what the identity conditions for these theories are.
In this important book, Mark S. Mizruchi presents and tests an original model of corporate political behavior. He argues that because the business community is characterized by both unity and conflict, the key issue is not whether business is unified but the conditions under which unity or conflict occurs.
Toward a Structural Theory of Action: Network Models of Social Structure, Perception, and Action centers on the concept of social structure, perceptions, and actions, as well as the strategies through which these concepts guide empirical research. This book also proposes a model of status/role-sets as patterns of relationships defining positions in the social topology. This text consists of nine chapters separated into three parts. Chapter 1 introduces the goals and organization of the book. Chapters 2-4 provide analytical synopsis of available network models of social differentiation, and then use these models in describing actual stratification. Chapter 5 presents a model in which actor interests are captured. Subsequent chapter assesses the empirical adequacy of the two predictions described in this book. Then, other chapters provide a network model of constraint and its empirical adequacy. This book will be valuable to anthropologists, economists, political scientists, and psychologists.
The book shows the falsity of the opposition between action and structure by setting out a sophisticated view of social structure at two levels. The figurational structures of interaction orders, mapped through methods of social network analysis, can be seen as partitioned by underlying formational structures such as class and gender.
Technological and knowledge diffusion through innovative networks / Beatriz Helena Neto, Jano Moreira de Souza and Jonice de Oliveira -- Knowledge flow networks and communities of practice for knowledge management / Rajiv Khosla [und weitere] -- A case study of knowledge sharing in Finnish Laurea lab as a knowledge intensive organization / Abel Usoro and Grzegorz Majewski -- The role of "BriDGE" SE in knowledge sharing : a case study of software offshoring from Japan to Vietnam / Nguyen Thu Huong and Umemoto Katsuhiro -- Factors influencing knowledge sharing in immersive virtual worlds : an empirical study with a second life group / Grzegorz Majewski and Abel Usoro -- Re-establishing grassroots inventors in national innovation system in less innovative Asian countries / C.N. Wickramasinghe [und weitere] -- Knowledge management & collaboration in steel industry : a case study / Chagari Sasikala -- Contingency between knowledge characteristics and knowledge transfer mechanism : an integrative framework / Ziye Li and Youmin Xi -- Emotionally intelligent knowledge sharing behavior model for constructing psychologically and emotionally fit research teams / R. Khosla [und weitere] -- Fundamental for an IT-strategy toward managing viable knowledge-intensive research projects / Paul Pöltner and Thomas Grechenig -- A new framework of knowledge management based on the interaction between human capital and organizational capital / Zheng Fan, Shujing Cao and Fenghua Wang -- Knowledge management of healthcare by clinical-pathways / Tomoyoshi Yamazaki and Katsuhiro Umemoto -- Factors affecting knowledge management at a public health institute in Thailand / Vallerut Pobkeeree, Pathom Sawanpanyalert and Nirat Sirichotiratana -- The influence of knowledge management capabilities and knowledge management infrastructure on market-interrelationship performance : an empirical study on hospitals / Wen-Ting Li and Shin-Tuan Hung -- Functional dynamics in system of innovation : a general model of SI metaphoric from traditional Chinese medicine / Xi Sun, Xin Tian and Xingmai Deng -- Collaborative writing with a wiki in a primary five English classroom / Matsuko Woo [und weitere] -- Cross-language knowledge sharing model based on ontologies and logical inference / Weisen Guo and Steven B. Kraines -- A study of evaluating the value of social tags as indexing terms / Kwan Yi -- Leadership 2.0 and Web2.0 at ERM : a journey from knowledge management to "knowledging" / Cheuk Wai-yi Bonnie and Brenda Dervin -- Motivation, identity, and authoring of the wikipedian / Joseph C. Shih and C.K. Farn -- Intellectual capital and performance : an empirical study on the relationship between social capital and R & D performance in higher education / Mohd Iskandar Bin Illyas, Rose Alinda Alia and Leela Damodaran -- Managing knowledge in a volunteer-based community / John S. Huck, Rodney A. and Dinesh Rathi -- Knowledge management practices in a not for profit organizations : a case study of I2E / Matthew Broaddus and Suliman Hawamdeh -- Personal information management tools revisited / Yun-Ke Chang [und weitere] -- Competencies sought by knowledge management employers : context analysis of online job advertisements / Shaheen Majid and Rianto Mulia -- Migration or integration : knowledge management in library and information science profession / Manir Abdullahi Kamba and Roslina Othman -- Evaluating intellectual assets in university libraries : a multi-site case study from Thailand / Sheila Corrall and Somsak Sriborisutsakul -- From for-profit organizations to non-profit organizations : the development of knowledge management in a public library / Kristen Holm, Kelly Kirkpatrick and Dinesh Rathi -- Network structure, structural equivalence and group performance : a simulation research on knowledge process / Hua Zhang and Youmin Xi -- Exploring the knowledge creating communities : an analysis of the linux kernel developer community / Haoxiang Xia, Shuangling Luo and Taketoshi Yoshida -- Systemic thinking in knowledge management / Yoshiteru Nakamori -- Study on the methods of identification and judgment for opinion leaders in public opinion / Liu Yijun, Tang Xi Jin and Gu Jifa