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This publication covers a wide range of influenza topics, stressing the importance of influenza as a global health threat and the importance of cooperation between civilian and military public health resources in the control, prevention, and response to a pandemic. This publication has the following objectives; Review influenza disease and virological laboratory surveillance standards and capacities; Identify possibilities for enhanced collaboration among existing national and international networks; Initiate preparation of a response plan to an influenza pandemic that included civil-military participation and considered vaccine and antiviral compound availability and access for both sectors; Enhance awareness of influenza-related research capabilities of various countries. This volume provides a unique forum for civilian and military medical leaders to meet and to exchange professional and contact information. An influenza pandemic would likely draw on all medical resources and civil-military co-operation would be vital to restore global health security.Influenza remains a global health threat that will be most effectively countered through improved civil-military cooperation in the development or improvement of surveillance and response plans and in achieving greater availability and use of effective vaccines and anti-viral drugs.
A collection of papers presented at the NATO ASI conference Transdisciplinary Information Sharing for Decision-Making against Biological Threats. It highlights strategic enablers such as cross-disciplinary information sharing, international outreach and partner activities, public diplomacy and strategic communication.
While much progress has been made on achieving the Millenium Development Goals over the last decade, the number and complexity of global health challenges has persisted. Growing forces for globalization have increased the interconnectedness of the world and our interdependency on other countries, economies, and cultures. Monumental growth in international travel and trade have brought improved access to goods and services for many, but also carry ongoing and ever-present threats of zoonotic spillover and infectious disease outbreaks that threaten all. Global Health and the Future Role of the United States identifies global health priorities in light of current and emerging world threats. This report assesses the current global health landscape and how challenges, actions, and players have evolved over the last decade across a wide range of issues, and provides recommendations on how to increase responsiveness, coordination, and efficiency â€" both within the U.S. government and across the global health field.
To ensure effective civil-military health collaboration that supports health emergency preparedness interventions required to combat existing or potential threats, and for longer-term health security capacity-building, it is critical to identify pathways for partnership well before a response to a health emergencies is required. To this end, WHO together with Member States and partners developed the National civil-military health collaboration framework for strengthening health emergency preparedness. The aim of this framework is to provide the public health sector and military actors and services at the national level with guidance for establishing, advancing, and maintaining collaboration and coordination, with the focus on country core capacities required to effectively prevent, detect, respond to, recover from and build back better after health emergencies.
Controlling a major infectious disease outbreak or reducing rising rates of diabetes worldwide is not just about applying medical science. Protecting and promoting health is inherently a political endeavor that requires understanding of who gets what, where, and why. The Oxford Handbook of Global Health Politics presents the most comprehensive overview of how and why power lies at the heart of global health determinants and outcomes. The chapters are written by internationally recognized experts working at the intersection of politics and global health. The wide-ranging chapters provide key insights for understanding how advances in global health cannot be achieved without attention to political actors, processes, and outcomes.
The influenza pandemics of 1918, 1957, and 1968 offer a warning to the world about the potential dangers of the influenza virus. In 2006, after a series of cases and clusters of the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian virus made clear the threat of a possible pandemic, the U.S. Congress allocated $39 million to the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (DoD-GEIS) to increase and improve its worldwide influenza surveillance network through upgrades to its domestic and overseas laboratories' capabilities. An Institute of Medicine (IOM) committee was subsequently formed to evaluate the effectiveness of these laboratory-based programs in relation to the supplemental funding, and the report that follows details the committee's findings. The committee that prepared this report, the Committee for the Assessment of DoD-GEIS Influenza Surveillance and Response Programs, was convened at the request of DoD-GEIS management to evaluate the execution of the fiscal year 2006 supplemental funding for avian influenza/ pandemic influenza (AI/PI) surveillance and response. The committee was tasked with evaluating the DoD-GEIS AI/PI surveillance program for the worth of each funded project's contribution to a comprehensive AI/PI surveillance program; the adequacy of the program in view of the evolving epidemiologic factors; responsiveness to the intent of Congress as expressed in Sec. 748, H.R.1815, Pandemic Avian Flu Preparedness; consistency with the DoD and national plans; and coordination of efforts with CDC, WHO, and local governments. Review of the DoD-GEIS Influenza Programs: Strengthening Global Surveillance and Response reviews the development of conclusions and recommendations with long-term, program-level relevance as well as conclusions and recommendations regarding the improvement of specific DoD-GEIS projects.
As researchers unravelled the mysteries of these new viruses, drug companies navigated new antiviral therapies designed to treat and prevent influenza through clinical trials.The continual development of new antivirals and control measures underscores not only the significance of influenza, but highlights options for the control of influenza