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Scour of streambed material around bridge foundations by floodwaters is the leading cause of catastrophic bridge failure. This study defined streambed stresses around a full-scale bridge pier and compared that info. with streambed-stress data collected in the lab. on small-scale bridge piers. Both the magnitude and dist. of streambed stresses are compared for the full-scale and small-scale bridge piers. 2-dimensional velocity data were collected at 81 vertical locations around a cylindrical pier for 3 separate flow conditions. The velocity data was used to estimate streambed stresses. Contours of the stress data were produced for the full-scale bridge pier. Tables.
The structure of the flow and erosion around circular cylinders were investigated experimentally. Smooth and sand bed runs (with and without scour holes) were performed to study the effect of roughness and scour holes on the flow. Detailed measurements of velocity, pressure, bed shear stress and scour profiles were made.
RIPRAP is a widely used engineering method for protecting river banks and coastlines from erosion. This book studies the fundamental issues and problems concerned with various aspects of this method of erosion control.