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This book explores the opportunities offered by Strategic Environmental Assessment in the context of guaranteeing the synchronized integration of landscape (in all its aspects) within urban plans, thereby helping to overcome the constraints of rigidly framed, sector-focused laws and a purely aesthetic concept of landscape. In pursuit of this goal, various scholars have previously attempted to construct arrays of indicators relating to the different conceptions of “landscape”. This book critically examines the most complete proposals of this nature, systematizing and comparing them and, finally, offering some guidelines with respect to their codification within specific application protocols. After opening chapters exploring the origins of the problem and analysing the European normative frame for Strategic Environmental Assessment, two case studies are described and discussed. A model is then presented for the evaluation of the effects of urban plans on landscape, including in cultural and perceptual terms. The author demonstrates that, when suitably employed, Strategic Environmental Assessment can indeed facilitate the integration of environmental, economic, and social sustainability into urban planning.
This volume gathers a selection of research contributions on Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), including theoretical and methodological studies and real-world case studies. It sheds new light on the respective steps in the procedure defined in the SEA Directive from theoretical and operational standpoints, intended to enhance the sustainability of plans and programmes adopted by local, regional and national authorities. Improving the legitimacy and transparency of decision-making in the field of environmental management was one of the goals that led the European Commission (EU) to adopt Directive 2001/42/EC on the assessment of environmental programmes’ effects. This book provides a multidisciplinary approach to SEA, and addresses the demand for policies and strategies to strengthen resilience through concrete measures to reduce energy consumption, mitigate pollution, promote social inclusion and create urban identity.
First Published in 2010. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
'A wonderfully international and up-to-date perspective on strategic environmental assessment of land use plans by leading experts in the field. Strategic Environmental Assessment and Land Use Planning covers not only how much such SEAs are carried out and in what context, but whether they are effective and why. It provides invaluable insights for practitioners and researchers in this rapidy evolving field' Riki Therivel, author of Strategic Environmental Assessment in Action Strategic Environmental Assessment and Land Use Planning provides an authoritative, international evaluation of the SEA of land use plans. The editors place the SEA of land use plans in context, and uniquely qualified contributors then evaluate systems in Canada, Denmark, Germany, Hong Kong, Hungary, Ireland, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa, Sweden, the United Kingdom, the United States and the World Bank. These chapters provide a description of the context in each country, a case study of the use of SEA in land use planning and an evaluation of each SEA system against a set of generic criteria specially designed to anlayse different aspects of SEA. The contributors critically review each SEA system, SEA process and SEA outcome, and conclude by summarizing their findings. The editors draw the various national perspectives together in a final chapter and derive widely applicable conclusions about SEA and land use planning. This book is a core text for all students in environmental assessment, land use planning, environmental science, environmental management, development studies, geography, landscape design and law and engineering. It is also essential reading for all governments and environmental regulators, academics, researchers and environmental and planning consultants worldwide who are involvedin SEA research, practice and training.
Assessing the full scale of environmental impacts is essential for effective planning of transport and land use. This is an analysis of transport and land-use planning using strategic environmental assessment (SEA). It establishes the effectiveness of SEA through comparative studies of practice in three countries: Britain, the Netherlands and Germany. The author shows that use of SEA is widespread but far from systematic. He demonstrates the advantages of adopting a systematic application of a comprehensive form of SEA derived from all the major current approaches. Only once this approach is fully understood and systematically applied will all the full benefits be achieved and environmental impacts be minimalized.
The book investigates the relationship between ecosystem services (ES) and spatial planning, and explores potential means of integrating the two concepts to support the decision-making process. In addition, it presents case studies demonstrating the outcomes, limitations, opportunities and further new developments in ES assessment/mapping for planning support. Then it describes the “Restart from Ecosystem Services” (RES) methodology, which is aimed at integrating ES into the planning process using an ecological balance, and at promoting new planning parameters for the transformation areas. RES ensures the inclusion of ES in planning processes using the incremental measures of limiting, mitigating and compensating soil sealing and land take process promoting operational strategies in applying it. The implementation of RES is associated with strategic environmental assessment and provides valuable support in the definition of strategies across the entire planning process, especially for the evaluation of alternative scenarios.
The book analyses the relationship between ecosystem services, green and blue infrastructures (GBI) and spatial planning in Italy. It provides insights on the opportunities and challenges in the adoption of an ecosystem services (ES)-based approach for Spatial Planning exploring methods and techniques for the design of GBI strategies. Nowadays, there is an advance in ES knowledge and a recognition of the benefits of GBI for the quality of human life and biodiversity conservation. The main challenge remains how this knowledge could be integrated into the planning process and how it could guide the decision-making process towards sustainable development for contemporary cities. The book collects innovative Italian experiences providing important considerations for operationalizing the ES concept and highlighting different disciplinary attitudes and methodological approaches with the common goal to enhance human well-being.
First Published in 2007. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
This dissertation, "A Landscape Approach to Strategic Environmental Assessment for Spatial Planning" by Xijun, Yu, 于錫軍, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled A Landscape Approach to Strategic Environmental Assessment for Spatial Planning Submitted by YU Xijun for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in May 2007 To achieve sustainable land use, Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) for the future spatial planning must be considered in decision making. Landscape ecology can help to quantify spatial patterns of land use and to monitor their environmental consequences at a broader scale. Using Panyu as an empirical case study, this study develops a conceptual framework for SEA based on landscape ecological principles and landscape metrics analysis. The results of this study show that urban area has significantly increased at the expenses of cultivated land, yuandi, and forest in Panyu between 1988 and 2002. This process has also resulted in an obvious change in landscape matrix. The landscape was dominated by agricultural land in 1988, but then became more fragmented and heterogeneous between 1988 and 1998. A combination of gradient analysis and landscape metrics can clearly characterize the complex spatiotemporal pattern of urbanization in Panyu, which can be described as a diffusion-coalescence process with a multi-nucleated pattern. In the planning context, maintaining the pre- urban natural remnants and protecting cultivated land is very important in any effort to mitigate the potential impacts of urbanization. Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) is a key issue in SEA for spatial planning because this process is related to generating land cover maps from remote sensing data and planning maps. This study analyses the behavior and sensitivity of landscape metrics to changing MMU based on a real landscape. The results show that landscape metrics will vary with increasing MMU, with higher variations in area/density/edge metrics and core area metrics, as well as some shape metrics. Thus, these kinds of metrics are not appropriate for landscape comparison generated from different data sources. The results also show that there are some differences in landscape metrics behavior to changing MMU and changing grain size. Thus, any landscape analysis should select the appropriate metrics based on the specific landscape application. In order to make data comparable in the context of SEA, some guidelines and criteria are proposed in the study. Strategic Landscape Pattern (SLP) is identified to enhance the effectiveness of the scoping process in SEA which is based on gradient analysis with moving window, emipirical data, and local protection targets. SLP is composed of strategic patches, strategic subregional corridors, and strategic regional corridors. Using two planning alternatives in Panyu, the impacts of each plan are systematically evaluated with respect to the impacts on landscape metrics variation, the impacts on each of the six development regions, and the impacts on each strategic element. The results show that the Urban Plan (UP) will have a greater impact on landscape pattern. It also have high impacts on the strategic patches and their two buffer zones, especially at the southern areas of Panyu. However, the Land Use Plan (LP) has higher impacts on strategic corridiors than the UP, except for two buffer zones of the strategic regional corridors. The study demonstrates that the proposed framework to integrate landscape ecology into SEA has a good potential to
The book is useful, easy to read and a good addition to the references list of practitioners who use strategic environmental assessment as a day-to-day tool. Eagle Bulletin The European Directive on strategic environmental assessment requires implementing legislation and guidance in each of the European member states. Other countries worldwide are also establishing procedures for strategic environmental assessment. This very timely book on analytical strategic environmental assessment (ANSEA) deals head-on with the decision-making systems that these regulations and guidance documents are supposed to influence. ANSEA focuses on the quality of the decision-making process rather than on the impacts of the decision; on describing the decision process rather than the output of the decisions, and on ensuring full integration of environmental values in decision-making. From the foreword by Riki Therivel Analytical Strategic Environmental Assessment (ANSEA) is an insightful new approach to environmental evaluation, based on decision theory, policy analysis and environmental considerations. These concepts, though not new in their own fields of application, are combined and integrated in an innovative fashion. This book presents recent research on the implementation of the ANSEA approach which aims to ensure environmental values are properly integrated into the decision-making process. ANSEA was developed to contribute to the systematic integration of environmental protection objectives in strategic decision-making which, in turn, will contribute to the promotion of sustainable development. The method can be applied to analyse how environmental and sustainability issues are addressed in decision-making processes at both the national and local level for a variety of different policies. Importantly, the focus is on evaluating the decision-making process itself, rather than the quantitative output of an assessment. With explicatory examples and practical case studies, the distinguished, interdisciplinary authors clearly illustrate how a decision-centred approach to environmental assessment can be successfully achieved. At a time when a new European directive requires the implementation of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) into all relevant decision-making processes, this timely book will be required reading for environmental policymakers in all EU member states. It will also be a valuable source of information and reference for researchers, academics and consultants in the fields of planning, environmental evaluation and environmental management.