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Green hydrogen, sourced from water and renewable energy, has – by replacing fossil fuels – enormous potential for the reduction of global carbon emissions in hard-to-abate industrial sectors. Yet, like many early stage technologies past and present, a complex interplay of economic, regulatory, industrial and operational challenges still need to be overcome before hydrogen can play a large-scale role in the modern industrial economy. The shift towards hydrogen is expected to require investment in the hundreds of billions of euros over the coming decades and will require substantial amounts of private financing alongside public funding. In this report, the European Investment Bank's advisory services summarise the results of an investor consultation to get to the heart of these challenges, and offer recommendations for an accelerated development of the hydrogen sector.
We study the effects of federal purchases on firms’ investment using a novel panel dataset that combines federal procurement contracts in the United States with key financial firm-level information. We find that 1 dollar of federal spending increases firms’ capital investment by 7 to 11 cents. The average effect masks heterogeneity: Effects are stronger for firms that face financing constraints and they are close to 0 for unconstrained firms. In line with the financial accelerator model, our findings indicate that the effect of government purchases works through easing firms’ access to external borrowing. Furthermore, industry-level analysis suggests that that the increase in investment at the firm level translates into an industry-wide effect without crowding-out capital investment of other firms in the same industry.
This paper provides new evidence of the macroeconomic effects of public investment in advanced economies. Using public investment forecast errors to identify the causal effect of government investment in a sample of 17 OECD economies since 1985 and model simulations, the paper finds that increased public investment raises output, both in the short term and in the long term, crowds in private investment, and reduces unemployment. Several factors shape the macroeconomic effects of public investment. When there is economic slack and monetary accommodation, demand effects are stronger, and the public-debt-to-GDP ratio may actually decline. Public investment is also more effective in boosting output in countries with higher public investment efficiency and when it is financed by issuing debt.
"[This book] examines the costs and benefits of both a targeted and a universal prekindergarten program and shows the positive impact of these programs on the economy, federal and state budgets, and the educational achievement and earnings of children and adults."--Book jacket.
An essential guide to venture capital Studies have shown that venture capital backed entrepreneurial firms are on average significantly more successful than non-venture capital backed entrepreneurial firms in terms of innovativeness, profitability, and share price performance upon going public. Understanding the various aspects of venture capital is something anyone in any industry should be familiar with. This reliable resource provides a comprehensive view of venture capital by describing the current state of research and best practices in this arena. Issues addressed include sources of capital-such as angel investment, corporate funds, and government funds-financial contracts and monitoring, and the efficiency implications of VC investment, to name a few. Opens with a review of alternative forms of venture capital Highlights the structure of venture capital investments Examines the role venture capitalists play in adding value to their investee firms This informative guide will help you discover the true potential of venture capital.
The book integrates texts prepared by a single author and is based on a variety of fundamental concepts and instruments applied in investment decisions from a diversity of texts. The book approaches investment decisions from the perspective of the financial system and economic agents (which can be investors and borrowers of funds, firms, or individuals). The wide variety of assets available is one of the reasons why new methods for managing an investment portfolio often emerge. Thus, by opting for a more comprehensive approach, it is possible to cover a more comprehensive range of financial assets and investment strategies. As this is a compilation of articles, the 24 chapters cover topics such as the globalization of markets, leverage and working capital in corporate finance, asset and liability management and corporate hedging, investment decisions and business valuation, besides concepts and applications of macro and microeconomics.
Investment and portfolio strategies are some of the most exciting topics in finance. This book presents the most up-to-date topics and techniques in finance to facilitate the investment process for researchers and investors in selecting appropriate investment strategies with the emergence of new issues and concepts in financial areas. This book contains nine chapters divided into three sections: The first section, “Investment and Portfolio Strategies,” discusses different investment strategies in portfolio selection. The second section, “Behavioral Finance and Investment Decisions,” examines the application of behavioral finance in investment decisions. The last section, “Emerging New Trends in Finance,” includes some new and interesting finance topics that can depict our vision for the future arena of finance.
Long-Range Public Investment: The Forgotten Legacy of the New Deal is augmented by fifty-eight photographs.