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Correspondence from Stephen H. Long to John Torrey and William Baldwin, dated 1819. The first letter, dated February 18, 1819, is addressed to John Torrey, and describes the possible forms of payment for prospective naturalists participating in Long's upcoming expedition: "It is left optionary with ourselves, whether a pecuniary consideration shall be allowed, or the Naturalists have the privilege of making any disposition they may deem proper, of the Curiosities &c., that we may collect. The utmost compensation that can be allowed is $2.00 per Day and one Ration..." The second letter, dated June 19, 1819, is a copy of official orders from Long to botanist William Baldwin, who participated-- and died-- on that expedition.
Major Stephen H. Long of the United States Army was the most important government-sponsored explorer in the decade after the War of 1812. He led three major and several minor expeditions up the Mississippi, Missouri, and Arkansas rivers and the Red River of the north, as well as exploring the central and southern Plains, the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, and the Great Lakes. His campanions included engineers, cartographers, Naturalists, ethnologists, and artists, and they gathered a wealth of scientific, military, and artistic data about the interior of North America. For years Long’s expeditions have been overlooked or misunderstood; here for the first time they are placed in the context of American scientific development.
Correspondence from Howard Stansbury to John Torrey, dated 1850-1852, discussing the plants from his expedition being examined by Torrey and the production of the images accompanying Torrey's report; his unhappy experience with naturalist William P. Blake; and his hopes for future expeditions to the American West.
Correspondence from John Torrey to Robert Benner, dated July 22, 1841, discussing arrangements for a plant collecting trip to the Catskills in early August. Torrey discusses the possibiity that Jacob Whitman Bailey might join them, and inquires as to whether his daughter might also come. The trip would furnish specimens for Torrey's ongoing work on North American flora, as well as introduce Benner to his future wife, Torrey's niece, who along with Margaret Torrey accompanied the men on the trip. The letter is accompanied by two letters outlining its provenance as a gift from Raymond H. Torrey, who acquired it from Benner's son.
Correspondence from Randolph B. Marcy to John Torrey, dated October 6, 1852, discussing the botanical specimens gathered on his recent Red River expedition, and proposing that Torrey is the botanist to analyze them.