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Looking at the households where Javanese women live and the factories where they labour, Diane Wolf reveals the contradictions, constraints and changes in women's lives in the Third World and identifies the complex dynamics of class, gender, agrarian change and industrialization in rural Java.
De-industrialization, accelerated by the financial crisis, is a long term process. The comparative advantage of emerging economies shifted towards more advanced goods and their growing populations commanded an increasing share in global demand. This shift towards a factory-free economy in high income countries has drawn the attention of policy makers in North America and Europe. Some politicians have articulated alarming views, initiating mercantilist or 'beggar-thy-neighbour' cost-competitiveness policies. Yet companies that concentrate research and design innovations at home but no longer have any factories there may be the norm in the future. This volume proposes an economic analysis of this phenomenon and includes 11 contributions which complement each other and tackle the problem from different angles. The evidence in this book suggests that de-industrialization is a process that happens over time in all countries, even China. One implication is that criticism of China is not likely to provide a solution to these long term trends. Another implication is that the distinction between manufacturing and services is likely to become increasingly blurry. More manufacturing firms are engaging in services activities, and more wholesale firms are engaging in manufacturing. One optimistic perspective suggests that industrial country firms may be able to exploit the high-value added and skill-intensive activities associated with design and innovation, as well as distribution, which are all components of the global value chain for manufacturing. Although this ongoing transformation of the industrial economies may be consistent with evolving comparative advantage, it has significant short-run costs and requires far-sighted investments. These include the costs to workers who are caught in the shift from an industrial to a service economy, and the need to invest in new infrastructure and education to prepare coming generations for their changing roles.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies enable manufacturing systems to sense the environment, adapt to external needs, and extract process knowledge, including business models such as intelligent production, networked collaboration, and extended service models. This book therefore focuses on the implementation of AI in customized manufacturing (CM). The main topics include edge intelligence in manufacturing, heterogeneous networks, intelligent fault diagnosis and maintenance, dynamic resource scheduling in manufacturing, and the construction mode of the smart factory. Based on the insights of CM and AI, the authors demonstrate the implementation of AI in the smart factory for CM, including architecture, information fusion, data analysis, dynamic scheduling, flexible production line construction, and smart manufacturing services. This book will provide important research content for scholars in artificial intelligence, smart manufacturing, machine learning, multi-agent systems, and industrial Internet of Things.
The research reports presented in this volume focus on the implications of the T9000 microprocessor, which offers new elements in transputing and parallel programming. Subjects discussed include genetic algorithms, image analysis, neural networks, robotics and parallel architectures.
As manufacturing control systems converge with manufacturing automation systems and systems supporting the back office, IT managers in manufacturing companies are being asked to oversee all their company's IT-including the manufacturing systems. Roadmap to the E-Factory explains what the IT manager needs to know about these unfamiliar systems. It discusses the information value chain, a concept which demonstrates how all computing resources contribute to the success of a manufacturing organization. The material also demonstrates the strategic value of IT, and it includes recommendations for managing the computing resources of a global manufacturing enterprise. An authoritative text on IT, manufacturing, and control systems, Roadmap to the E-Factory provides detailed information on: e-companies e-commerce o Lean manufacturing Supply chain management ERP Operations Emerging trends In addition to helping you gain a basic understanding of manufacturing systems, Roadmap to the E-Factory shows you how IT systems can most effectively support these systems and provides you with a set of recommendations that enables you to derive maximum benefit from them.
This text presents the practical application of queueing theory results for the design and analysis of manufacturing and production systems. This textbook makes accessible to undergraduates and beginning graduates many of the seemingly esoteric results of queueing theory. In an effort to apply queueing theory to practical problems, there has been considerable research over the previous few decades in developing reasonable approximations of queueing results. This text takes full advantage of these results and indicates how to apply queueing approximations for the analysis of manufacturing systems. Support is provided through the web site http://msma.tamu.edu. Students will have access to the answers of odd numbered problems and instructors will be provided with a full solutions manual, Excel files when needed for homework, and computer programs using Mathematica that can be used to solve homework and develop additional problems or term projects. In this second edition a separate appendix dealing with some of the basic event-driven simulation concepts has been added.
Since its first volume in 1960, Advances in Computers has presented detailed coverage of innovations in hardware and software and in computer theory, design, and applications. It has also provided contributors with a medium in which they can examine their subjects in greater depth and breadth than that allowed by standard journal articles. As a result, many articles have become standard references that continue to be of significant, lasting value despite the rapid growth taking place in the field.Volume 47 contains seven chapters. The first four cover artificial intelligence, which is the use of technology to perform tasks generally assumed to require human thinking. These chapters present natural language processing, visualization, and self-replication as machine implementations of human activities. The remaining three chapters cover other recent advances that are important to the information processing field.
Virtual Manufacturing presents a novel concept of combining human computer interfaces with virtual reality for discrete and continuous manufacturing systems. The authors address the relevant concepts of manufacturing engineering, virtual reality, and computer science and engineering, before embarking on a description of the methodology for building augmented reality for manufacturing processes and manufacturing systems. Virtual Manufacturing is centered on the description of the development of augmented reality models for a range of processes based on CNC, PLC, SCADA, mechatronics and on embedded systems. Further discussions address the use of augmented reality for developing augmented reality models to control contemporary manufacturing systems and to acquire micro- and macro-level decision parameters for managers to boost profitability of their manufacturing systems. Guiding readers through the building of their own virtual factory software, Virtual Manufacturing comes with access to online files and software that will enable readers to create a virtual factory, operate it and experiment with it. This is a valuable source of information with a useful toolkit for anyone interested in virtual manufacturing, including advanced undergraduate students, postgraduate students and researchers.
Dealing with many aspects of the design, implementation and operation of databases for production management systems, this book presents research that is important to all those presently concerned with the computerisation of production management.