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Analysis of successes of Ukraine and its more frequent failures during its transition from authoritarianism to democracy.
Do the languages people speak influence their economic decisions and social behavior in multilingual societies? This Handbook brings together scholars from various disciplines to examine the links and tensions between economics and language to find the delicate balance between monetary benefits and psychological costs of linguistic dynamics.
Cyprus gained independence in 1960 without a strong national identity. Citizens considered themselves Greeks or Turks, not Cypriots. As a result, the country was susceptible to external, as well as internal attacks. Ethnic pride, reinforced by proximity to both countries, inflamed the majority of the population, and was encouraged by the historic rivalry between the two homelands. This is the political salient cleavage, further emphasized by the 1960 constitution, which fortified the stronghold on each ethnic homeland by guaranteeing to maintain both Turkish and Greek customs. When I commenced this journey, international relations and comparative theories were the primary way of interpreting Cyprus's internal friction. While examining the national state as an institution, I realized their limitations, specifically while scrutinizing the 1974 Cypriot Crisis. I applied a culturally oriented comparative perspective along with game-theoretic international models in order to gain a thorough understanding and find the root cause of Cyprus's turmoil. During this process, I discovered a mechanism I now call transnational nationalism. A methodical analysis of the Cypriot Crisis of 1974 gives further insight into cultural politics, which has continued to play a powerful role in nations, such as the lands of Northern Ireland, Lebanon, Palestine, and Bosnia-Herzegovina. These nations all share a common characteristic: foreign and domestic forces attempting to achieve transnational nationalism as each group strives to maintain its national identity, leading to further division.
Josep Llobera offers an original approach to anthropology through integrating knowledge produced from a wide variety of perspectives. The volume introduces the topic to students of social and cultural anthropology.
Settlement projects are sustained clusters of policies that allow states to strategically plan, implement and support the permanent transfer of nationals into a territory not under their sovereignty. Ehud Eiran explains why states launch settlement projects into occupied areas and introduces the international environment as an important enabling variable. By drawing comparisons between three such major projects - Israel in the West Bank and Gaza, Morocco in Western Sahara and Indonesia in East-Timor - Ehud Eiran classifies post-colonial settlement projects as a distinct cluster of cases that warrant a different analytical approach to traditional colonial studies.
Drawing on Freud, Mead, Erikson, Parsons and Habermas, William Bloom relates mass psychological processes to international relations.
This study of nationalism in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union develops an original account of the interlocking and opposed nationalisms of national minorities, the nationalizing states in which they live, and the external national homelands to which they are linked by external ties.
In this comprehensive and original study, a distinguished specialist and scholar of African affairs argues that the current crisis in African development can be traced directly to European colonial rule, which left the continent with a "singularly difficult legacy" that is unique in modern history. Crawford Young proposes a new conception of the state, weighing the different characteristics of earlier European empires (including those of Holland, Portugal, England, and Venice) and distilling their common qualities. He then presents a concise and wide-ranging history of colonization in Africa, from the era of construction through consolidation and decolonization. Young argues that several qualities combined to make the European colonial experience in Africa distinctive. The high number of nations competing for power around the continent and the necessity to achieve effective occupation swiftly yet make the colonies self-financing drove colonial powers toward policies of "ruthless extractive action." The persistent, virulent racism that established a distance between rulers and subjects was especially central to African colonial history. Young concludes by turning his sights to other regions of the once-colonized world, comparing the fates of former African colonies to their counterparts elsewhere. In tracing both the overarching traits and variations in African colonial states, he makes a strong case that colonialism has played a critical role in shaping the fate of this troubled continent.