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This document, when followed in its entirety, will yield a robust EPS design suitable for very high-reliability space missions. This document specifies general design practices and sets minimum verification and validation requirements for power systems of unmanned spacecraft. The focus of the document is on earth orbiting satellites using traditional photovoltaic/battery power, but does not exclude other primary power generation and storage methods. This document does not address specific launch vehicle requirements however much of the design philosophy used here is applicable to launch vehicle power systems.
This second edition of Spacecraft Power Systems is a comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals, design trades, components, controls, and operations of spacecraft power systems based on the real-world design and operations of spacecraft that have successfully flown for decades. It also includes emerging high-voltage, high-power systems for in-space propulsion for interplanetary travel. With new and updated chapters, sections, and discussions, the second edition covers up-to-date high-voltage, MW-scale electric propulsion, updated PV and battery systems, spacecraft power components, power electronics, and their architectures and operations. This book also presents the latest in spacecraft design processes and trades, controls, operations, and protection. This book is intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students in mechanical, aerospace, and electrical engineering taking courses in Space Systems, Space Engineering, and Spacecraft Power Systems, as well as for practicing aerospace and power engineers and managers who are designing, developing, and operating spacecraft power systems.
This book provides an introduction to the main design principles, methods, procedures, and development trends in spacecraft power systems. It is divided into nine chapters, the first of which covers the classification and main components of primary power system design and power distribution system design. In turn, Chapters 2 to 4 focus on the spacecraft power system design experience and review the latest typical design cases concerning spacecraft power systems in China. More specifically, these chapters also introduce readers to the topological structure and key technologies used in spacecraft power systems. Chapters 5 to 7 address power system reliability and safety design, risk analysis and control, and in-orbit management in China’s spacecraft engineering projects. The book’s closing chapters provide essential information on new power systems and technologies, such as space nuclear power, micro- and nano-satellite power systems, and space energy interconnection systems. An outlook on future development trends rounds out the coverage.
Spacecraft Lithium-Ion Battery Power Systems Helps Readers Better Understand the Design, Development, Test, and Safety Engineering of Spacecraft Lithium-Ion Battery Power Systems Written by highly experienced spacecraft engineers and scientists working at the heart of the industry, Spacecraft Lithium-Ion Battery Power Systems is one of the first books to provide a comprehensive treatment of the broad area of spacecraft battery power systems technology. The work emphasizes the technical aspects across the entire lifecycle of spacecraft batteries including the requirements, design, manufacturing, testing, and safety engineering principles needed to field a reliable spacecraft electrical power system. A special focus on rechargeable lithium-ion battery technologies as they apply to manned and unmanned Earth-orbiting satellites, Cubesats, planetary mission spacecraft (such as orbiters, landers, rovers, and probes), and launch vehicle applications is emphasized. Using a systems engineering approach, the book smoothly bridges knowledge gaps that typically exist between academic and industry practitioners. Sample topics of discussion and learning resources included in the work include: Detailed systematic technical treatment of spacecraft LIB power systems across the entire lithium-ion battery life cycle Principles of lithium-ion cell and battery design, battery management systems, electrical power systems, safety engineering, life cycle testing, ground processing, and on-orbit mission operations Special topics such as requirements engineering, qualification testing, safety hazards and controls, reliability analysis, life modeling and prediction, on-orbit battery power system management, and decommissioning strategies New and emerging on-orbit space applications of LIBs supporting commercial, civil, and government spacecraft missions (International Space Station, Galileo, James Webb Telescope, Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover, Europa Clipper) Real space industry case studies of deployed Earth-orbiting satellite, astronaut, and planetary mission spacecraft lithium-ion batteries Overall, the work provides professionals supporting the commercial, civil, and government aerospace marketplace with key knowledge and highly actionable information pertaining to lithium-ion batteries and their specific applications in modern spacecraft systems.
Spacecraft Lithium-Ion Battery Power Systems Provides Readers with a Better Understanding of the Requirements, Design, Test, and Safety Engineering of Spacecraft Lithium-ion Battery Power Systems Written by highly experienced spacecraft engineers and scientists working at the forefront of the aerospace industry, Spacecraft Lithium-Ion Battery Power Systems is one of the first books to provide a comprehensive treatment of the broad area of spacecraft lithium-ion battery (LIB) power systems technology. The work emphasizes the technical aspects across the entire lifecycle of spacecraft LIBs including the requirements, design, manufacturing, testing, and safety engineering principles needed to deploy a reliable spacecraft LIB-based electrical power system. A special focus on rechargeable LIB technologies as they apply to unmanned and crewed Earth-orbiting satellites, planetary mission spacecraft (such as orbiters, landers, rovers and probes), launch vehicle, and astronaut spacesuit applications is emphasized. Using a system’s engineering approach, the book bridges knowledge gaps that typically exist between academic and industry practitioners. Key topics of discussion and learning resources include: Detailed systematic technical treatment of spacecraft LIB-based electrical power systems across the entire LIB lifecycle Principles of lithium-ion cell and battery design and test, LIB sizing, battery management systems, electrical power systems, safety engineering, ground and launch-site processing, and on-orbit mission operations Special topics such as requirements engineering, qualification testing, thermal runaway hazards, dead bus events, life cycle testing and prediction analyses, on-orbit LIB power system management, and spacecraft EPS passivation strategies Comprehensive discussion of on-orbit and emerging space applications of LIBs supporting various commercial, civil, and government spacecraft missions such as International Space Station, Galileo, James Webb Telescope, Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover, Europa Clipper, Cubesats, and more Overall, the work provides professionals supporting all aspects of the aerospace marketplace with key knowledge and highly actionable information pertaining to LIBs and their specific applications in modern spacecraft systems.
Spacecraft Power Technologies is the first comprehensive text devoted to the technologies critical to the development of spacecraft electrical power systems. The science and engineering of solar, chemical, and nuclear systems are fully examined together with the constraints imposed by the space and thermal environments in which the systems must operate. Details of present technology and the history that led to the current state-of-the-art are presented at a level appropriate for the student as a textbook or the practicing engineer as a reference.
Addressed are some of the space electrical power system technologies that should be developed for the U.S. space program to remain competitive in the 21st century. A brief historical overview of some U.S. manned/unmanned spacecraft power systems is discussed to establish the fact that electrical systems are and will continue to become more sophisticated as the power levels appoach those on the ground. Adaptive/Expert power systems that can function in an extraterrestrial environment will be required to take an appropriate action during electrical faults so that the impact is minimal. Manhours can be reduced significantly by relinquishing tedious routine system component maintenance to the adaptive/expert system. By cataloging component signatures over time this system can set a flag for a premature component failure and thus possibly avoid a major fault. High frequency operation is important if the electrical power system mass is to be cut significantly. High power semiconductor or vacuum switching components will be required to meet future power demands. System mass tradeoffs have been investigated in terms of operating at high temperature, efficiency, voltage regulation, and system reliability. High temperature semiconductors will be required. Silicon carbide materials will operate at a temperature around 1000 K and the diamond material up to 1300 K. The driver for elevated temperature operation is that radiator mass is reduced significantly because of inverse temperature to the fourth power. Maisel, James E. Unspecified Center NASA-CR-183003, NAS 1.26:183003 NAG3-714...
"Star Wars"â€"as the Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) is dubbedâ€"will require reliable sources of immense amounts of energy to power such advanced weapons as lasers and particle beams. Are such power sources available? This study says no, not yetâ€"and points the way toward the kind of energy research and development that is needed to power SDI. Advanced Power Sources for Space Missions presents a comprehensive and objective view of SDI's unprecedented power requirements and the opportunities we have to meet them in a cost-effective manner.
Space Power Systems Engineering is a collection of papers dealing with the requirements for space power systems, system design, component research, the problems of application to spacecraft, and the development of a variety of space electric power systems. Some papers discuss nuclear power systems development, including nuclear reactors, nuclear dynamic systems, nuclear thermoelectric systems, and nuclear thermionic systems. Several papers tackle solar systems development, including solar collectors, solar dynamic systems, solar thermoelectric systems, chemical fuel cell systems, and chemical primary battery systems. A magnetohydrodynamic power system can be utilized for space electric generation. Power conversion or conditioning involves the interface between raw electric power and the on-board consumption of that electric power. One paper cites an application of a potential power system: particularly the engine development in a power package which includes a single-cylinder engine, generator, gas compressor, and recuperator. Some design considerations for the engine include an operation with an 0-H mixture of 2 to 1 obtained either from supercritical tankage or in the form of helium-diluted boil-off gases; a power level of 2-kw average, 3-kw maximum; and an uninterrupted life of 350 hr. The collection can prove immensely beneficial for nuclear engineers, aeronautical engineers, chemists, researchers, or technical designers whose works are related with energy conversion and space power systems.