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Previously unpublished photographs depicting the Strafvollzugslager environsPreviously unpublished letters written by convicts, which describes their hopes and yearningsUnprecedented detailed biographies of the SS guards and convicts, which include details of their post-war fatesWritten with the assistance of veterans’ families, their unselfish access to their archives has resulted in a unique publication Strafvollzugslager der SS- und Polizei: Himmler’s Wartime Institutions for the Detention of Waffen-SS and Polizei Criminals is a book that the SS Leader, Heinrich Himmler, would not have wished written. Preferring that this corner of SS history remained forever in the shadows, in unprecedented detail, this study illuminates the reasons why Waffen-SS and policemen were imprisoned in purpose-built institutions and describes the regulations governing their detention. Revealing details of their daily life, veterans’ families have contributed to this book in an effort to enumerate the lives of those tasked with the prisons operation. Tasked with ensuring the convict’s National Socialist spirit remained undamaged by their punishment, these guards provided the malfeasance elements of Himmler’s Army with a suitable SS environment. Eventually, these institutions become portals through which inmates returned to the Front and this process is examined alongside a history of the various field probation units. Here, Himmler commanded the parolees face death or serious wounding as the means to earn their full rehabilitation. Case histories are tendered throughout and describe the crimes and punishments imposed on those who brought shame on the SS.
The Polizei division first took shape in 1939, drawing manpower from the civilian police. In February 1942, the unit was transferred to the Waffen-SS and redesignated SS-Polizei-Division (4.SS). The former policemen appeared on the Western Front in 1940, before being shipped to the Leningrad sector in 1941. Polizei remained on the Eastern Front for the duration of the war, including deployments in Greece, the Banat (Romania), Hungary, and Pomerania, before finally surrendering just northwest of Berlin. The subject is examined through many personal recollections, hundreds of photos and maps from private collections, and period documents, including extracts from official bulletins and the division's war diary. A brief history of the Polizei II division is included as an appendix.
Formed in 1939 SS-Polizei Division were not considered initially as an SS fighting force, and this status was reflected in the quality of the equipment they were issued. Following operations in France, Greece and then Russia, it was not until 1942 the division was transferred to the Waffen-SS, and eventually upgraded to a Panzergrenadier division, the 4th SS-Polizei-Panzergrenadier Division.The book describes how the SS-Polizei Division fought across the Low Countries, the Eastern Front, before deploying to the Balkans and Greece where it committed numerous atrocities. During the last days of the War it was assigned to Army Detachment Steiner defending Berlin where many soldiers fought to the death.This book is a unique glimpse into one of the most infamous fighting machines in World War Two and a great addition to any reader interested Waffen-SS history.
SS und POLIZEI: Myths and Lies of Hitler's SS and Police looks at the SS and police chronologically by comparing the statements and stories and rumors created by the SS and police about themselves with the actual reality, and points out the glaring discrepancies. E.g. the Nazis believed that racial purity was of paramount importance, and they believed the SS was the vanguard of white supremacy, specifically German supremacy. But the reality was that the race restrictions for membership in the SS were ignored or bent with feeble excuses, such as the enlistment of soldiers from Asia and Africa. The police of the Third Reich have got to be the most non-stick body of men ever to squeeze through a series of horrific events and emerge smelling like a rose. Hitler's regime was the police state par excellence, yet at the end of the war none of the Allies thought of blaming his police. The first part of the book explains the breeding ground of the SS philosophy and the importance of the police and Freikorps in shaping that philosophy. Then follows an explanation of how the SS was accepted into the government. This is followed by a description of the compartmentalizing of the SS into a myriad of departments often totally unrelated, such as an archaeological team, a psychiatric research section, a firing squad and a tank warfare school, to name but four. After this comes the story of how the Waffen SS grew in World War Two from a poor man's army operating with hand me downs and despised by the German generals into an elite 'fire brigade' force that rescued those same generals on many an occasion. Within the narrative is an analysis of the interweaving between the police and the SS. This was so intricate that in some units SS and police insignia were both worn at the same time, and some members literally did not know if they were SS or police! This was further muddied when Himmler insisted on assigning duties without regard to the 'job description' of SS and police members, such as sending police regiments to the front line to battle Soviet tanks! In addition the book details that 'SS' did not necessarily mean 'Nazi', nor did 'police' mean 'Nazi'. Many did not join the Nazi party, though it would have been easier for them if they had. Even some Gestapo personnel did not join the SS or the Nazi Party. The book ends with the disgusting tale of back-stabbing and betrayal, fanaticism and cowardice that marked the SS and police in the last months of the war.
This new book is a concise combat history of the six Waffen-SS panzergrenadier divisions in World War II. The formation and combat histories of each are discussed in detailed text, along with maps and rare photographs and includes: the 4th SS-Polizei Panzergrenadier Division; 11th SS-Freiwilligen Panzergrenadier Division Nordland; 16th SS-Panzergrenadier Division Reichsführer-SS; 17th SS-Panzergrenadier Division Götz von Berlichingen; 18th SS-Freiwilligen Panzergrenadier Division Horst Wessel; 23rd SS-Freiwilligen Panzergrenadier Division Nederland.
The Waffen-SS, as with the Heer, possessed a great variety of divisional structures. The complexities of this variety were further complicated by a more or less continuous evolution of authorized division structures throughout the war. For example, the first Waffen-SS divisions were organized as motorized infantry ones, with little armor. Four of the earliest divisions (SS-LAH, SS-Das Reich, SS-Totenkopf, and SS-Wiking'] were then reformed as Panzer (armored)- divisions, and three new-armored divisions joined them (SS-Hohenstaufen, &S-Frundsberg, and SS-Hitlerjugend). Four additional divisions were raised as Panzer-Grenadier (armored infantry) (SS-Nordland, SS-Reichsfuhrer-SS, SS-Gotz von Berlichingen, and SS-Horst Wessel). The motorized SS-Combat Group Nord evolved into SS-Nord, which set the standard for the establishment of an SS mountain division. This was used as the intended structure for SS-Prinz Eugen, SS-Handschar, SS-Skanderbeg, and SS-Kama, though the last two didn't complete formation. Similarly, the SS-Cavalry Brigade developed into SS-Florian Geyer, which had a structure copied for SS-Maria Theresia (though not for SS-Lutzow, which had a structure similar to an infantry division). The SS infantry divisions, in particular the 14th, 15th, 19th, and 20th Waffen-Grenadier Divisions and the 31st SS-Volunteer Grenadier Division, used a standard Heer infantry division structure, first found in the 1940 version of SS-Polizei (which by the spring of 1944 had reformed into a Panzer-Grenadier division of the same structure as SS-Nordland). This was also the intended model for the 25th and 26th Waffen-Grenadier Divisions, the 27th, 28th, and 32d SS-Volunteer Grenadier Divisions, and the 35th SS-Polizei-Grenadier Division, none of which completed their formation, though they did take the field in a semblance of what was intended. The remaining divisions of the Waffen-SS were essentially enlarged brigades or combat groups, and had unique structures, especially as they often fought in several separate parts. This sounds like, and is, a complex subject. The following represents the idealized structure of Waffen-SS early war motorized, Panzer, Panzer-Grenadier, mountain, cavalry, and infantry divisions. Each division usually differed slightly in one way or another, and the divisional list in this book is the best way to trace each individual Waffen-SS division. Only the major combat elements are included; the supply regiment, for example, is not listed in detail. Units that are not described as "motorized" or "armored" can be assumed to be horse-drawn or dismounted, as appropriate."
From its creation in 1933 until Hitler's death in May 1945, anyone living in Nazi-controlled territory lived in fear of a visit from the Gestapo, the secret state police. This is a lively and expert account of this notorious but little-understood secret police that terrorized hundreds of thousands of people across Europe.
Drawing on a superb collection of rare and unpublished photographs the 5th SS Division Wiking 1941 - 1945 is the 5th book in the Waffen-SS Images of War Series by Ian Baxter. The book tells the dramatic story of the 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking at War. The men of the division were recruited from foreign volunteers in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, the Netherlands and Belgium under the command of German officers. Not all were collaborators - the choice they were all too often presented with was join up or be locked up - or worse. During the course of the war, the division served on the Eastern Front in 1941. It surrendered in May 1945 to the American forces in Austria.
The shocking account of how a unit of average middle-aged Germans became the cold-blooded murderers of tens of thousands of Jews.
When the German Wehrmacht swarmed across Eastern Europe, an elite corps followed close at its heels. Along with the SS and Gestapo, the Ordnungspolizei, or Uniformed Police, played a central role in Nazi genocide that until now has been generally neglected by historians of the war. Beginning with the invasion of Poland, the Uniformed Police were charged with following the army to curb resistance, pacify the countryside, patrol Jewish ghettos, and generally maintain order in the conquered territories. Edward Westermann examines how this force emerged as a primary instrument of annihilation, responsible for the murder of hundreds of thousands of the Third Reich's political and racial enemies. In Hitler's Police Battalions he reveals how the institutional mindset of these "ordinary policemen" allowed them to commit atrocities without a second thought. To uncover the story of how the German national police were fashioned into a corps of political soldiers, Westermann reveals initiatives pursued before the war by Heinrich Himmler and Kurt Daluege to create a culture within the existing police forces that fostered anti-Semitism and anti-Communism as institutional norms. Challenging prevailing interpretations of German culture, Westermann draws on extensive archival research—including the testimony of former policemen—to illuminate this transformation and the callous organizational culture that emerged. Purged of dissidents, indoctrinated to idolize Hitler, and trained in military combat, these police battalions-often numbering several hundred men-repeatedly conducted actions against Jews, Slavs, gypsies, asocials, and other groups on their own initiative, even when they had the choice not to. In addition to documenting these atrocities, Westermann examines cooperation between the Ordnungspolizei and the SS and Gestapo, and the close relationship between police and Wehrmacht in the conduct of the anti-partisan campaign of annihilation. Throughout, Westermann stresses the importance of ideological indoctrination and organizational initiatives within specific groups. It was the organizational culture of the Uniformed Police, he maintains, and not German culture in general that led these men to commit genocide. Hitler's Police Battalions provides the most complete and comprehensive study to date of this neglected branch of Himmler's SS and Police empire and adds a new dimension to our understanding of the Holocaust and the war on the Eastern front.