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Family farming offers solutions to global challenges. More than 500 million family farms dominate agriculture – ensuring food security, fighting poverty and hunger, providing employment, and enhancing sustainable resource management. Despite challenges, family farms can become prosperous businesses. Forming part of CTA’s support to the UN International Year of Family Farming (IYFF) in 2014, this special issue of Spore addresses topics such as improved production, training and use of technology and local knowledge. It also covers value chains, co-operatives and profitable integration, and the role of the state, so demonstrating how family farms can enjoy a more productive and secure future.
One of the issues to emerge at CTA’s value chains conference, ‘Making the Connection’, held last November, was the importance of devoting greater efforts to promoting national and regional markets in ACP countries. Governments, development partners and even the private sector have been overly focussed on selling to developed country export markets, which are highlycompetitive and restrictive. Six of the world’s ten fastest growing economies over the last decade are in Africa and, as wealth has increased, food import bills have been skyrocketing. If farmers are to benefit from opportunities presented by the growing food demand from urban populations, marketing channels between rural areas and cities must be significantly improved.
As the climate changes, agriculture needs to transform so that it becomes more profitable, sustainable and resilient. The smallholder farmers and producers who often experience the worst impacts of climate change want practical solutions that work for them and their families. This issue of Spore highlights CTA’s role supporting one such approach, climate smart agriculture (CSA). Featuring positive and inspiring case studies and field reports from across ACP countries, it looks at how farmers, fisheries, young people and community organisations have been working to address the impacts and challenges of climate change.
This collection showcases experiences from research and field projects in climate change adaptation on the African continent. It includes a set of papers presented at a symposium held in Addis Abeba in February 2016, which brought together international experts to discuss “fostering African resilience and capacity to adapt.” The papers introduce a wide range of methodological approaches and practical case studies to show how climate change adaptation can be implemented in regions and countries across the continent. Responding to the need for more cross-sectoral interaction among the various stakeholders working in the field of climate change adaptation, the book fosters the exchange of information on best practices across the African continent.
Most African national economies depend on the exploitation of both renewable and non-renewable natural resources for development. Conventional and unconventional exploitation of natural resources has left negative carbon footprints. This has also degraded hotspots across the African continent, impacting negatively on people and the environment. A Green Economy offers the continent the opportunity to achieve sustained economic development devoid of environmental degradation and inefficient utilisation of natural resources. This book, Promoting Green Economy, explores issues affecting the socio-economic development of the continent and focuses on Africa’s need for a green economy. With chapters written by seasoned authors from academia and industry across the continent, the book examines the challenges of sustainable management of Africa’s natural resources and recommends the need for the continent to transit towards green economy as this can provide opportunities for minimising environmental footprints of all economic activities. The book calls on the commitment of the public and private sectors to the development of appropriate green economy policies and regulatory frameworks to promote inclusive growth.
This book explores the impacts of climate change on Nigeria. How climate change impacts the productivity and future development of different sectors in Nigeria was covered in this book. Various themes of the Nigerian economy, environment, and climate change were considered. Worthy of note are the impacts of climate change on the Nigerian air quality, surface and groundwater resources, watershed and natural resources’ development and planning, soil- quality, fertility, salinization, nutrients and cropping patterns. Also, the impact of climate change on land use/land cover, urbanization and strategic planning, crops and sustainable crop yield; land degradation, soil erosion, landslides and landscapes, rainfall trend patterns, drought vulnerability; ecology, vegetation/forest, carbon and biomass management of Nigeria were investigated. Finally, the problems of climate change in semi-arid and arid regions (with special emphasis on Nigeria) and possible solutions for sustainable development under the changing climate were discussed in this book. Advanced technologies, such as remote sensing, GIS, multivariate analytical tools, and machine learning techniques, were utilized in the exploration and analysis of the themes of this book. Thus, this book is a very important product for point of view researchers, scientists, NGOs, and university communities on the Nigerian climate change. This book is a useful interdisciplinary tool, cutting across various disciplines such as earth sciences, hydrology, environmental sciences, soil science, engineering, remote sensing, natural resources management, and public health management, etc.
The 1st Conference of Visual Art, Design, and Social Humanities (CONVASH) 2019 is a seminar in the fields of art, design and humanities held on November 2, 2019 by the Faculty of Fine Arts and Design (FSRD), Universitas Sebelas Maret in Surakarta, Indonesia. Since its establishment as a Faculty 5 years ago, The Faculty of Fine Arts and Designs has conducted 4 international conferences. The 1st CONVASH 2019 is our international conference new brand and we have a commitment to hold CONVASH annually. Conference of Visual Art, Design, and Social Humanities (CONVASH) 2019 is a tangible manifestation of FSRD's efforts to contribute to science and improve publication quality on the international level. This event is expected to bring about collaboration, scientific transfer, and publications that can contribute to the scientific fields of arts, design and humanities. The conference aims to facilitate research presentations and knowledge exchange in art, design, technology, and social humanities, as well as create academic networks among students, lecturers and researchers in the related fields. Further, this conference will bring opportunities to learn together to develop quality research in various fields, expand the collaboration networks among universities and industries, and become a forum to disseminate research and knowledge to a wider audience. The committee received more than 130 papers from the participants and based on the results of the reviews, only 96 papers were declared qualified to be presented at the seminar and subsequently published in the proceedings of CONVASH-2019 Finally, the committee congratulates and expresses gratitude to the selected participants for the participation and paper publication in the proceeding of CONVASH-2019. The committee would also like to thank all parties who have supported and actively participated for the success of this event. Hopefully this Proceeding can be used as a reference for technological development and learning improvement in the fields of education, social, arts, and humanities
This book offers a comprehensive overview of current knowledge on the health problems and injuries associated with football and their clinical management. After an opening section on technical aspects and fundamental principles, all areas of football traumatology are addressed. The coverage includes muscle, tendon, and stress injuries of the lower limbs and injuries to the ankle and foot, knee, hip and groin, spine and head, and upper limbs. An individual section is also devoted to the most significant heart and other health conditions that may be encountered in players of all ages and standards. Follow-up, rehabilitation, and return to activity are discussed, and the role of performance enhancement strategies is carefully examined, with description of nutritional guidelines and the evidence on use of dietary supplements. A concluding section highlights the potential of the next generation of biologics to improve the regeneration and biofunctionality of damaged tissues. This book is written by world-renowned experts and has been produced in cooperation with ISAKOS. It will serve as a reference in the field of orthopaedics.
Bacterial spore formers have been the focus of intense study for almost half a century centered primarily on Bacillus subtilis. This research has given us a detailed picture of the genetic, physiological and biochemical mechanisms that allow bacteria to survive harsh environmental conditions by forming highly robust spores. Although, many basic aspects of this process are now understood in great detail, bacterial sporulation still continues to be a highly attractive model for studying various cell processes at a molecular level. There are several reasons for such scientific interest. First, some of the complex steps in sporulation are not fully understood and/or only are only described by 'controversial' models. Second, intensive research on unicellular development of a single microorganism, B. subtilis, left us largely unaware of the multitude of diverse sporulation mechanisms in many other Gram-positive endospore and exospore formers. This diversity would likely increase if we were to include sporulation processes in the Gram-negative spore formers. In addition, spore formers have great potential in applied research. Spore forming bacteria are becoming increasingly important in the areas of probiotics, vaccine technology and biotechnology. This Research Topic in Frontiers in Microbiology details the most recent advances in basic science of spore research and cover also emerging areas of scientific importance involving the use of spores.