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Offers an introduction to the sociology of diagnosis. This title presents articles that explore diagnosis as a process of definition that includes: labeling dynamics between diagnoser and diagnosed; boundary struggles between diverse constituents - both among medical practitioners and between medical authorities and others; and, more.
This special issue of "Thinking and Reasoning" is devoted to social judgement theory SJT, which has its origins in Egon Brunswik's probabilistic functionalism.; The first paper discusses the history and theory of SJT and explores Hammond's distinction between coherence and correspondence criteria. The next paper presents the major methodological approaches of SJT, with a focus on the Lens Model. Four applications follow, including an exploration of the medical applications of SJT.
This innovative collection of original essays showcases the use of social networks in the analysis and understanding of various forms of crime. More than any other past research endeavor, the seventeen chapters in this book apply to criminology the many conceptual and methodological options from social network analysis. Crime and Networks is the only book of its kind that looks at the use of networks in understanding crime, and can be used for advanced undergraduate and beginner’s graduate level courses in criminal justice and criminology.
As interest in social capital has grown over the past decade—particularly in public health —so has the lack of consensus on exactly what it is and what makes it worth studying. Ichiro Kawachi, a widely respected leader in the field, and 21 contributors (including physicians, economists, and public health experts) discuss the theoretical origins of social capital, the strengths and limitations of current methodologies of measuring it, and salient examples of social capital concepts informing public health practice. Among the highlights: Measurement methods: survey, sociometric, ethnographic, experimental The relationship between social capital and physical health and health behaviors: smoking, substance abuse, physical activity, sexual activity Social capital and mental health: early findings Social capital and the aging community Social capital and disaster preparedness Social Capital and Health is certain to inspire a new generation of research on this topic, and will be of interest to researchers and advanced students in public health, health behavior, and social epidemiology.
The Latin American Neutrosophic Science Association was created in 2018 as a result of the initiative of a group of university professors from Mexico and Ecuador. The Association has developed an intense work in the investigative context, expression of the capacity that neutrosophy has as a tool for understanding and transformation of reality in social benefit. Neutrosophic sets as a generalization fuzzy set (especially intuitionistic fuzzy sets), allows handling a greater number of situations that occur in reality and becomes a facilitator of the approach to the studied object without undermining its complex and multivariate essence. In this special edition, researchers from six Ecuadorian universities show the results of research projects addressing a wide range of topics related to the social environment of these Higher Education Institutions. The contents include law, criminology, public and administrative management, evaluation of pedagogical scenarios, prospective analysis, artificial intelligence, among other topics. They are many different texts with a common denominator, the social sciences, and their relationship with neutrosophy. The progress of these investigations originates a significant change in the ways of validating and reasoning the proposals, the appreciation of neutrality increases the interpretability and the inferential efficacy from the analysis of the results, which enunciates a methodological, perceptive and objective enrichment in the humanistic sciences in Latin American geographical region.
Table of Contents SIntroduction: Vocation, Friendship, and the Catholic Moral Tradition Alessandro Rovati and Matthew Philipp Whelan “A Shadowy Sort of Right”: The Ius Necessitatis and Catholic Moral Theology Matthew Philipp Whelan Nurturing Masculinities: Constructing New Narratives of Fatherhood Jacob Kohlhaas Theologies of Labor and the Limits of Capital Nicholas Norman-Krause Sensus Fideli—Whom? Retrieving Insights from Johann Adam Möhler Gina Maria Noia Virtue as Birth Control: An Examination of the Account of Rational Participation as a Component of Natural Law in Humanae Vitae and the Documents of the Papal Commission Arielle Harms Catholic Social Teaching, Liberalism, and Economic Justice Jason A. Heron and Bharat Ranganathan A Good Moral Teacher Must Be a Good Pre-Moral Teacher: On the Pedagogical Limits of US Constitutional Law Jason Menno The Healing Power of the Body of Christ: An Ecclesial and Neurological Argument for Social Connection Despite Social Distancing Christopher Krall, SJ Looking for Good Work: From Matthew Crawford to Pope Francis via Wittgenstein Mark R. Ryan
The COVID-19 pandemic is having profound effects on all dimensions of life: individual, social, cultural, and public and economic health, among others. The contribution of social sciences is very relevant in understanding this disease and pandemic as well as its effects. It is also relevant for taking measures, such as, for example, compliance with physical distance, mask-wearing, no gatherings, and information to the population in a more efficient way. This book discusses topics such as COVID-19 in a risk society and its implications; the situation of patients with diabetes in a lockdown context; the technological, pedagogical, and social challenges posed by remote teaching; and, finally, the explanation of potential contributions of several specific social sciences that can shape both the taking of measures and their fulfilment in the desired direction. The book concludes with an analysis of the underlying social, psychological, and philosophical issues that are pandemic-related and that may have a considerable impact on societies and individuals, also highlighting the situation of the most disadvantaged groups, given that pandemics tend to accentuate social inequalities.
Neutrosophy as science has inclusive attributes that make possible to extract the contributions of neutral values in the analysis of data sets; it builds a unified field of logic for transdisciplinary studies that transcend the boundaries between natural and social sciences. Neutral philosophy seeks to solve the problems of indeterminacy that appear universally, to reform the current natural or social sciences, with an open methodology to promote innovation. The research products related in this special issue start from the premise that the difficulty is not the complexity of the social environment, but the instrumental obsolescence to observe, interpret and manage that complexity, there are bold approaches and proposals for valid solutions that come to enrich the universe of resolution through the use of neutral methods. In the last year, the use of tools related to neutrosophy and its application to the social sciences, modeling of social phenomena based on simulation agents, problems associated with health, psychology, education, environmental management and sustainability solutions and legal sciences has increased in the events organized by the Asociacion Latinoamericana de Ciencias Neutrosoficas (ALCN in Spanish). The methods of higher incidence are cognitive maps, neutral Iadovs, neutral Delphi, analytical hierarchy process methods, neutral statistics, neutral personality models, among the most significant. In this special issue, there is a predominance of research from Ecuadorian universities, demonstrating how neutrosophy and its methods are consolidated as instruments of analysis, inference and research validation.
Breaks new theoretical ground by discussing how cognitive evolution contributes to the study of international orders.
1.1. Methods of document description and analysis The task of describing and analyzing documents for some specific purpose is fairly old and well known. Although many methods have been evaluated and tested, every new problem needs a new kind of procedure. This is not surprising, because documents are very complex phenomena and their analysis depends on numerous considerations about formal characteristics, language, contents, and the role of man in relation to documents. In general there are at least five different approaches to document description: (a) The hermeneutical method. The main approach here is to interpret a document either in the light of its historical position at the time it was produced or from the viewpoint of its meaning today. Another variant of the hermeneutical method is to interpret the author's motives and intentions in writing the document, either by quoting and interpreting the document itself or by comparing it with the biography of the author. All the various kinds of hermeneutical interpretation try to reconstruct some of the conceptualization of the author, using different terms and systems from those of the author.