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Spawning distribution and run timing of adult sockeye salmon were assessed in the Copper River, Alaska, using radiotelemetry techniques. The purposes were to estimate the proportions of sockeye salmon returning to major spawning areas of the Copper River (Lower Copper, Chitina, Tonsina, Klutina, Tazlina, Gulkana, and Upper Copper rivers) and to describe the stock-specific, migratory timing profiles of sockeye salmon in the Copper River at the point of capture in Baird Canyon.
"Specific objectives were to: (1) estimate the proportions of sockeye salmon returning to major spawning areas of the Copper River (Lower Copper, Chitina, Tonsina, Klutina, Tazlina, Gulkana, nad Upper Copper rivers) ... ; and (2) describe the stock-specific, migratory timing profile of sockeye salmon in the Copper River at the point of capture in Baird Canyon"--P. viii.
A total of 1,975 radio tags were placed in migrating Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Copper River from 2019 through 2021 to examine spawning distribution and run timing. Chinook salmon were captured with fish wheels in the Lower Copper River near Baird Canyon and tracked to upriver destinations with 10 fixed-tracking stations and a series of aerial surveys. Spawning distribution was estimated for 6 major spawning tributaries/areas each year using a weighting process. Estimated annual proportions of the escapement ranged from 0.19 to 0.24 for the Upper Copper River area, 0.19–0.27 for the Gulkana River, 0.01–0.05 for the Tazlina River, 0.10–0.19 for the Tonsina River, 0.19–0.28 for the Chitina River, and was 0.14 all 3 years for the Klutina River. Estimated annual abundances for the 6 major spawning tributary/areas from 2019 through 2021 were 3,410–8,369 for the Upper Copper River area, 4,419–6,548 for the Gulkana River, 289–961 for the Tazlina River, 2,171–4,591 for the Tonsina River, 3,535–9,767 for the Chitina River, and 2,608–4,909 for the Klutina River. The annual estimated proportions of the total escapement that returned to 1 of the 9 original aerial index streams ranged from 0.39 to 0.47. The estimated annual proportion of the Gulkana River fish that spawned above the Alaska Department of Fish & Game (ADF&G) counting tower ranged from 0.58 to 0.68. Run timing patterns were similar during all 3 years with the Upper Copper River fish having the earliest run timings, followed by the Gulkana, Chitina, Tazlina, Tonsina, and Klutina Rivers. A secondary analysis was performed weighting each radiotagged fish using adaptive resolution imaging sonar (ARIS) estimates of “large” fish, which are all presumed to be Chinook salmon. These results are presented in this report as Appendix A.
The primary purpose of this study is to continue to update the spawning distribution and run timing of Chinook salmon in the Copper River drainage. These stock specific traits were previously estimated from 1999–2004, then again in 2019 and 2020. The purpose of this amendment is to formally acknowledge additional funding for a final year (2021) of the project through the ADF&G Operational Plan process. This amendment updates ROP.SF.3F.2019.04.
Chinook salmon were radiotagged near the confluence of the Gulkana and Copper rivers from 2013-2015 to determine run timing and spawning distribution in the Gulkana River. The main goal was estimating what proportion of the Chinook salmon escapement spawned above an ADF&G operated counting tower located approximately 79.5 rkm up the Gulkana River. Age, sex, and length composition of the escapement was also estimated. A total of 412 Chinook salmon were radiotagged from 2013?2015 using dip nets and hook and line as capture gear. The proportion of Chinook salmon that spawned above the ADF&G counting tower was 0.51 (SE = 0.072) in 2013, 0.45 (SE = 0.073) in 2014, and 0.54 (SE = 0.038) in 2015. Fish spawning above the ADF&G counting tower had a slightly earlier run timing than fish spawning below the counting tower with annual mean dates of passage past the lowest inriver tracking station being 0?7 days earlier. Further examining run timing by river reach, Chinook salmon that spawned in the tributaries and upper mainstem of the Gulkana River had earlier run timing than those spawning in the middle to lower mainstem. The estimated percentage of females that spawned above the counting tower varied by year. Females comprised an estimated 53% (SE = 6%) of the escapement in 2013, 29% (SE = 10%) in 2014, and 51% (SE = 4%) in 2015. Age-1.3 Chinook salmon was the most abundant age class, accounting for 81% (SE = 5%) of the estimated escapement in 2013, 48% (SE = 6%) in 2014, and 88% (SE = 3%) in 2015. Chinook salmon in the length class 751-850 mm mid eye to tail fork accounted for the majority of the estimated annual escapement, ranging between 46% (SE = 6%) and 63% (SE = 4%). This study found several positive relationships with fish traits (e.g., sex, length, and run timing) and spawning success specific to the Gulkana River. Male fish, longer fish, and fish with earlier run timings all had better chances of spawning during this study.
The purpose of this project was to use fishwheels and two-sample mark-recapture methods to monitor sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka escapement on the Copper River. This report summarizes results from the 2009 field season.
This report is separated into 2 chapters. The chapters are (1) Progress toward determining the spawning distribution of supplemented fall chinook salmon in the Snake River in 1999; and (2) Fall chinook salmon spawning ground surveys in the Snake River, 1999.