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Many disciplines are concerned with manipulating geometric (or spatial) objects in the computer – such as geology, cartography, computer aided design (CAD), etc. – and each of these have developed their own data structures and techniques, often independently. Nevertheless, in many cases the object types and the spatial queries are similar, and this book attempts to find a common theme.
World-renowned experts in spatial statistics and spatial econometrics present the latest advances in specification and estimation of spatial econometric models. This includes information on the development of tools and software, and various applications. The text introduces new tests and estimators for spatial regression models, including discrete choice and simultaneous equation models. The performance of techniques is demonstrated through simulation results and a wide array of applications related to economic growth, international trade, knowledge externalities, population-employment dynamics, urban crime, land use, and environmental issues. An exciting new text for academics with a theoretical interest in spatial statistics and econometrics, and for practitioners looking for modern and up-to-date techniques.
In the wake of the so-called information technology revolution, many stakeholders from the public and private sectors (including citizens) have indeed grown accustomed to the promise and usability of spatial data infrastructures (SDI) for data access, use, and sharing. Analyzing the obstacles as well as the processes and mechanisms of integration a
Many disciplines are concerned with manipulating geometric (or spatial) objects in the computer – such as geology, cartography, computer aided design (CAD), etc. – and each of these have developed their own data structures and techniques, often independently. Nevertheless, in many cases the object types and the spatial queries are similar, and this book attempts to find a common theme.
Preliminaries -- Models of space -- Points -- Boundaries -- 2D GIS -- 3D GIS -- Conclusions.
Human behavior and action is closely related to a corresponding social and spatial environment. The nature of relations in their structures, functions, and temporal domains is characterized by a duality of contexts, an interrelatedness of the individual and local with the social and global. Causes, influences, and effects are mutual - and this at different scales. This book presents approaches that deal with interactions within and between the social and spatial realm, focusing on human behavior, land use change, and energy and infrastructure issues from an agent-based perspective. (Series: Geosimulation - Vol. 2)
The study and application of spatial information systems have been developed primarily from the use of computers in the geosciences. These systems have the principle functions of capturing, storing, representing, manipulating, and displaying data in 2-D and 3-D worlds. This book approaches its subject from the perspectives of informatics and geography, presenting methods of conceptual modeling developed in computer science that provide valuable aids for resolving spatial problems. This book is an essential textbook for both students and practitioners. It is indispensable for academic geographers, computer scientists, and the GIS professional. Serves as the first comprehensive textbook on the field of Spatial Information Systems (also known as Geographic Information Systems) Contains extensive illustrations Presents numerous detailed examples
Spatial Thinking in Environmental Contexts: Maps, Archives, and Timelines cultivates the spatial thinking "habit of mind" as a critical geographical view of how the world works, including how environmental systems function, and how we can approach and solve environmental problems using maps, archives, and timelines. The work explains why spatial thinking matters as it helps readers to integrate a variety of methods to describe and analyze spatial/temporal events and phenomena in disparate environmental contexts. It weaves together maps, GIS, timelines, and storytelling as important strategies in examining concepts and procedures in analyzing real-world data and relationships. The work thus adds significant value to qualitative and quantitative research in environmental (and related) sciences. Features Written by internationally renowned experts known for taking complex ideas and finding accessible ways to more broadly understand and communicate them. Includes real-world studies explaining the merging of disparate data in a sensible manner, understandable across several disciplines. Unique approach to spatial thinking involving animated maps, 3D maps, GEOMATs, and story maps to integrate maps, archives, and timelines—first across a single environmental example and then through varied examples. Merges spatial and temporal views on a broad range of environmental issues from traditional environmental topics to more unusual ones involving urban studies, medicine, municipal/governmental application, and citizen-scientist topics. Provides easy to follow step-by-step instructions to complete tasks; no prior experience in data processing is needed.
Learning to Think Spatially examines how spatial thinking might be incorporated into existing standards-based instruction across the school curriculum. Spatial thinking must be recognized as a fundamental part of Kâ€"12 education and as an integrator and a facilitator for problem solving across the curriculum. With advances in computing technologies and the increasing availability of geospatial data, spatial thinking will play a significant role in the information-based economy of the twenty-first century. Using appropriately designed support systems tailored to the Kâ€"12 context, spatial thinking can be taught formally to all students. A geographic information system (GIS) offers one example of a high-technology support system that can enable students and teachers to practice and apply spatial thinking in many areas of the curriculum.
This book represents a selection of contributions to the Regional Science Association, European Summer Institute, held at Arco, Lake of Garda, Italy, from 17th to 23rd July 1988 on the theme of 'Theories and policies of technological development at the local level'. As such it forms a complementary volume to the collection of invited papers entitled 'The Spatial Context of Technological Development', edited by Professors Riccardo Cappellin and Peter Nijk.amp, and published by Avebury/Gower. The Summer Institute covered a broad range of themes and contributions from over 100 researchers. It has therefore not been our intention to represent or replicate these themes directly, but to provide as wide an international coverage of current research in regional science in the field of technological change as possible. The papers to be found in this book are drawn from the European Community, Eastern Europe, Scandinavia, North America and elsewhere. Inevitably, as the book was to be published in English, most of the editorial work has been undertaken at the Centre for Urban and Regional Development Studies at Newcastle University. In so doing, we have attempted to standardize the English as far as possible, whilst trying not to lose the characteristics of the styles of the individual authors.