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At its height during the Cold War, Soviet tactical aviation was a large force of fighter, bomber, and attack air regiments with a high degree of readiness - many units stationed outside the Soviet Union saw actual combat. But, even as progressively more refined jet aircraft came into service - Yak-23, MiG-17 fighters and IL-28 tactical bombers, the attack aviation units still flew outdated IL-10 piston-engined aircraft well into the 1950s. Soviet pilots in combat over the People's Republic of China, North Korea, and Cuba, and their role in Eastern Europe combine with more than 500 color photographs, 50 color profiles, details of units, and insignia to give an in-depth look at this important era.
Within a period of just 15 years Soviet air defenses progressed from AA guns and piston engine fighters to SAMs and missile-armed Mach 2 interceptors. This is the story of how this remarkable progress was achieved and how these assets performed in actual combat against foreign aircraft violating Soviet air space.
Born in the 1930s, the Soviet Air Force's long-range bomber arm (known initially as the ADD and later as the DA) proved itself during the Second World War and continued to develop in the immediate post-war years, when the former allies turned Cold War opponents. When the strategic bomber Tu-4 was found to be too 'short-legged' to deliver strikes against the main potential adversary - the USA, both Tupolev and Myasishchev OKBs began the task by creating turbine-engined strategic bombers. By the Khrushchev era in the mid/late 1950's the Soviet defence industry and aircraft design bureaux set about adapting the bombers to take air-launched missiles for use against land and sea targets and in 1962 the DA fielded its first supersonic aircraft - the Tu-22 Blinder twinjet, which came in pure bomber and missile strike versions. The Brezhnev years saw a resurgence of strategic aviation with the Tu-22M Backfire 'swing-wing' supersonic medium bomber entering service in the mid-1970s followed in 1984 by the Tu-95MS Bear-H and Tu-160 Blackjack which were capable of carrying six and 12 air-launched cruise missiles respectively. Soviet Strategic Aviation in the Cold War shows how the DA's order of battle changed in the period from 1945 to 1991. Major operations including the air arm's involvement in the Afghan War, the Cold War exercises over international waters in the vicinity of the 'potential adversary' and the shadowing of NATO warships are covered together with details of Air Armies, bomber divisions and bomber regiments, including their aircraft on a type-by-type basis. Over 500 photos, most of which are previously unpublished in the West, are supplemented by 61 colour profiles, colour badges and line drawings of the aircraft and their weapons, making this an essential reference source for the historian and modeller alike.
This new book examines the development of Soviet thinking on the operational employment of their Air Force from 1918 to 1945, using Soviet theoretical writings and contemporary analyses of combat actions.
One of the most unusual strands in aviation history has been the development of wing-in-ground effect (WIG) vehicles, or as they are more commonly known by their Russian name, Ekranploans. Beginning with a brief outline of the concept from the theory to viable technical solutions, this new, expanded edition of Soviet and Russian Ekranploans gives a historical survey of the development of WIG research and construction in Russia. A large part of the book focuses on a type-by-type description of specific designs of ekranoplans developed in the Soviet Union and Russia in the course of half a century. Special emphasis is given to the activities of Rostislav Alekseyev, who has played an enormous role in the development of this new technology. Ekranoplans developed by several other major design bureaus, notably those led by Sukhoi, Bartini and Beriyev, are also considered. Economic and political transformations following the break-up of the Soviet Union led to the emergence of privately-owned design bureaus and firms that are now pursuing the development of WIG aircraft in Russia, given the lack of interest on the part of the military and the state in this branch of transport technology. This new edition has been fully updated to include unpublished photos and diagrams and examples of similar technology being developed in countries outside of Russian, including the USA, Germany and China. This is a welcome update to a book regarded as the definitive work on these unusual and exciting aircraft.
Illustrated with detailed artworks of combat aircraft and their markings, Aircraft of the Cold War: 1945-91 is a comprehensive study of the planes in service with NATO and the Warsaw Pact and their respective units from the end of World War II until the reunification of Germany. For over 40 years NATO and Warsaw Pact aircraft faced each other across the Iron Curtain or fought in proxy wars around the world. Arranged chronologically by theater, this book gives a complete organizational breakdown of the units of both sides, including the units and aircraft used in the proxy wars fought in Korea, Vietnam, the Middle East, and elsewhere, as well as the frontline in Germany. Packed with 250 color profiles of every major type of combat aircraft from the era, Aircraft of the Cold War: 1945-91 is an essential reference guide for modelers, military historians, and aircraft enthusiasts.
From the origins of net centric warfare in the 1940s, the Stage Plans of the 1950s, and the change of threat from aircraft to the ballistic missile, Battle Flight examines the steps taken to protect the British populace from nuclear Armageddon. Following WWII, Britain's air defences comprised a mix of interceptors and anti-aircraft guns that were tailored to counter mass bomber raids by piston-engine aircraft. These defences were rendered obsolete by the jet engine and the atomic bomb and the search for a cost-effective anti-aircraft system began. Interceptors were the obvious first line of defence and would remain so to this day, but unguided rockets and new surface-to-air guided-weapons (SAGW) were also examined. Wartime advances in guided weapons had ended, the teams dispersed, and the work forgotten, but such weapons were soon prioritized. Defensive weapons required control systems and plans were drawn up to integrate radar, command, control, and interception. These plans (Nucleus, Igloo, Rotor, Ahead, and Linesman) changed radically over a 20-year period, reflecting the rapid advance of technology in the post-war period. The 1960s saw stabilization with the interceptors as the main defence and SAMs to protect the V-bomber bases. All thoughts of ABMs were discarded, as the ballistic missile became the primary deterrent on both sides. By the 1980s the advent of long-range interceptors such as Tornado saw a change in the protection of north Atlantic convoys from Soviet attacks. As the 21st century dawned the spectre of terrorism and airborne threat changed to include the possibility of shooting down hijacked airliners, Britain's air defences diminished to 5 squadrons of Typhoons and the Aster SAMs of the Royal Navy, and Russian Air Force's Blackjacks and Bears still make forays into Britain's air defence zone. Battle Flight provides an in-depth examination of the history of Britain's air defence offering an insight into evolution up to the present day.