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HE ORIGINS of welding are buried in the depths of antiquity, T commencing with the forging of native gold and copper, progressing in the bronze age with the braze welding of castings, but not developing greatly until relatively recently. It has been this century, and the latter half in particular, that welding has developed to the stage where there are more than 100 variants. Furthermore, joining by welding has become such an efficient technique that much of our modem way oflife would not be possible without it. The giant oil rigs, built to withstand the rigours of the North Sea, the minute wire connectors in the computer and transistor, and the automobile and truck, could not exist were it not for welding processes. Originally a uniquely manual process, the needs of industry have this century required welding techniques which could be mechanised. Some processes, such as friction welding, were readily mechanised but the most flexible and adaptable fusion processes awaited develop ments which allowed a continuous wire to be rapidly fed into the fusion zone. These processes, such as MAG and submerged arc, rapidly gave rise to machines for welding, with many appearing before the Second World War.
This book offers a comprehensive overview on the subject of welding. Written by a group of expert contributors, the book covers all welding methods, from traditional to high-energy plasmas and lasers. The reference presents joint welding, stainless steel welding, aluminum welding, welding in the nuclear industry, and all aspects of welding quality control.
Weld Quality: The Role of Computers documents the proceedings of the International Conference on Improved Weldment Control with Special Reference to Computer Technology, held in Vienna, Austria, 4-5 July 1988, under the auspices of the International Institute of Welding. The topics of the four sessions are: (I) Design, Calculation and Prediction Models For Metallurgical Processes/Conception; (II) Inspection and In-Service Monitoring; (III) Fabrication, Quality Assurance; and (IV) Expert Systems, Data Banks and Future Possibilities. Session I includes papers on the use of computer technology to establish the quality of the welded joints; computer-aided design system for design of fillet welds with optimum shape; and the use of numerical simulation software for predetermination and optimization of the mechanical resistance of brazed joints. The papers in Session II cover topics such as acoustic emission testing; eddy current inspection system for weld testing; and holographic imaging of weld cracks. Session III includes papers on a computer controlled friction welding system and a CAQ-system for welding workshops. The presentations in Session IV include an approach for writing conventional software and expert systems for welding engineers and an expert system for robotic welding.
Automation and Robotisation in Welding and Allied Processes contains the proceedings of the International Conference on Automation and Robotization in Welding and Allied Processes held in Strasbourg, France, on September 2-3, 1985, under the auspices of the International Institute of Welding. The papers explore developments in the mechanization, automation, and utilization of robots in welding and related processes and cover topics such as half and fully mechanized welding of offshore constructions; adaptive systems of process control for spot welding robotic cells; and application of computer integrated manufacture to welder fabrication. This book is divided into two sections and begins with an overview of technical, economic, and human factors relating to mechanization and automation in arc and resistance welding. The next chapter describes a closed-loop controlled arc welding power source using a microcomputer as controller. The discussion then turns to problems associated with half and fully mechanized welding of offshore constructions; flexible manufacturing systems comprising welding with high productivity in small lot production; and the main factors causing process disturbance in spot welding. The final chapter is devoted to advanced adaptive control of automated arc welded fabrication which involves sensor application for seam tracking and joint recognition, preprogramming and online supervision of process parameters, and the design of a closed adaptive control loop. This monograph will be of interest to mechanical, electronics, industrial, and robotics engineers.
Sponsored by the Technical Committee on Structural Design of the Technical Administrative Committee on Analysis and Computation of the Technical Activities Division of the Structural Engineering Institute of ASCE. This report documents the dramatic new developments in the field of structural optimization over the last two decades. Changes in both computational techniques and applications can be seen by developments in computational methods and solution algorithms, the role of optimization during the various stages of structural design, and the stochastic nature of design in relation to structural optimization. Topics include: Ømethods for discrete variable structural optimization; Ødecomposition methods in structural optimization; Østate of the art on the use of genetic algorithms in design of steel structures; Øconceptual design optimization of engineering structures; Øtopology and geometry optimization of trusses and frames; Øevolutionary structural optimization; Ødesign and optimization of semi-rigid framed structures; Øoptimized performance-based design for buildings; Ømulti-objective optimum design of seismic-resistant structures; and Øreliability- and cost-oriented optimal bridge maintenance planning. The book concludes with an extensive bibliography of journal papers on structural optimization published between 1987 and 1999.
Welding and Joining of Aerospace Materials, Second Edition, is an essential reference for engineers and designers in the aerospace, materials, welding and joining industries, as well as companies and other organizations operating in these sectors. This updated edition brings together an international team of experts with updated and new chapters on electron beam welding, friction stir welding, weld-bead cracking, and recent developments in arc welding. - Highlights new trends and techniques for aerospace materials and manufacture and repair of their components - Covers many joining techniques, including riveting, composite-to-metal bonding, and diffusion bonding - Contains updated coverage on recently developed welding techniques for aerospace materials
As critically important as welding is to a wide spectrum of manufacturing, construction, and repair, it is not without its problems. Those dependent on welding know only too well how easy it is to find information on the host of available processes and on the essential metallurgy that can enable success, but how frustratingly difficult it can be to find guidance on solving problems that sooner or later arise with welding, welds, or weldments. Here for the first time is the book those that practice and/or depend upon welding have needed and awaited. A Practical Guide to Welding Solutions addresses the numerous technical and material-specific issues that can interfere with success. Renowned industrial and academic welding expert and prolific author and speaker Robert W. Messler, Jr. guides readers to the solutions they seek with a well-organized search based on how a problem manifests itself (i.e., as distortion, defect, or appearance), where it appears (i.e., in the fusion zone heat-affected zone, or base metal), or it certain materials or situations.
The primary aim of this volume is to provide researchers and engineers from both academia and industry with up-to-date coverage of recent advances in the fields of robotic welding, intelligent systems and automation. It gathers selected papers from the 2017 International Workshop on Intelligentized Welding Manufacturing (IWIWM’2017), held June 23-26, 2017 in Shanghai, China. The contributions reveal how intelligentized welding manufacturing (IWM) is becoming an inescapable trend, just as intelligentized robotic welding is becoming a key technology. The volume is divided into four main parts: Intelligent Techniques for Robotic Welding, Sensing in Arc Welding Processing, Modeling and Intelligent Control of Welding Processing, and Intelligent Control and its Applications in Engineering.