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The year 1973 marks one of the most important turning points in the history of the twentieth century. Prior to that year, the world had become accustomed to a plentiful supply of inexpensive fossil fuels--especially oil. During this first major international oil crisis, however, the western world's dependency on unstable eastern energy resources became dramatically clear. Published to accompany the comprehensive and enlightening 2008 exhibition, 1973: Sorry, Out of Gas, hosted by the Canadian Centre for Architecture in Montreal, this beautifully designed, frightening and strangely inspiring volume examines the oil crisis of 1973 as the major precedent of contemporary concerns about energy resources and fossil fuel dependency. The 1973 shortage triggered research and development of renewable energy sources, improved technologies and sparked social experiments that were to have an enduring impact on the fields of architecture and policy in both America and Europe. Put together by the acclaimed Italian book designer Massimo Pitis, this volume includes a monumental stash of documentary photographs, ephemera, documents, transcripts and original writings on all things related to the oil crisis--from Jimmy Carter to underground utopias. Reproductions cover everything from impossible traffic jams leading up to empty gas stations to board games with names like Energy Quest and Petrol. Specially conceived for this occasion, an illustrated tale by Harriet Russell, whose work is regularly featured in Time Out and the Guardian, introduces the ideas behind this book from a child's point of view. Russell's drawings depict ironic and humorous situations that will familiarize children with energy-saving and oil dependency concerns.
David Goodstein explains the scientific principles of the inevitable fossil fuel shortage and the closely related peril to the earth's climate.
Nightshift clerk and high-functioning insomniac Jack is back to work, trying his best to keep out of trouble. But when his chain-smoking coworker discovers a mysterious radio signal revealing the guarded secrets of their town, Jack will learn that an annoying new dayshift manager is far from the worst of his problems. In this second installment of the Gas Station saga, Jack finds himself entangled in his most harrowing adventure yet. With the newest crew of coworkers along for the ride and the resident psychopath out for his blood, our hero(?) must navigate the drama of small-town murder conspiracies, vigilante justice, and demonic summoning rituals...whether he wants to or not.
"The first architect-designed gas station - a Pittsburgh Gulf station in 1913 - was also the first to offer free road maps; the familiar Shell name and logo date from 1907, when a British mother-of-pearl importer expanded its line to include the newly discovered oil of the Dutch East Indies; the first enclosed gas stations were built only after the first enclosed cars made motoring a year-round activity - and operating a service station was no longer a "seasonal" job; the system of "octane" rating was introduced by Sun Oil as a marketing gimmick (74 for premium in 1931)." "As the number of "true" gas stations continues its steady decline - from 239,000 in 1969 to fewer than 100,000 today - the words and images of this book bear witness to an economic and cultural phenomenon that was perhaps more uniquely American than any other of this century."--Jacket.
The Promise and the Peril
The world is currently consuming about 85 million barrels of oil a day, and about two-thirds as much natural gas equivalent, both derived from non-renewable natural sources. In the foreseeable future, our energy needs will come from any available alternate source. Methanol is one such viable alternative, and also offers a convenient solution for efficient energy storage on a large scale. In this updated and enlarged edition, renowned chemists discuss in a clear and readily accessible manner the pros and cons of humankind's current main energy sources, while providing new ways to overcome obstacles. Following an introduction, the authors look at the interrelationship of fuels and energy, and at the extent of our non-renewable fossil fuels. They also discuss the hydrogen economy and its significant shortcomings. The main focus is on the conversion of CO2 from industrial as well as natural sources into liquid methanol and related DME, a diesel fuel substitute that can replace LNG and LPG. The book is rounded off with an optimistic look at future possibilities. A forward-looking and inspiring work that vividly illustrates potential solutions to our energy and environmental problems.
In this car culture of ours, what could be more American than the gas station, from the roadside pit stop in the middle of nowhere to the spit-and-polish, full service city shop? This brightly illustrated history of service stations runs the gamut from East to West, North to South, spotlighting the culture and lore of the gas-pumping garage that has kept the United States moving for a century. Whether it's the last-chance Texaco or the Sinclair dinosaur winking in the distance, the beckoning Shell, or the winged Mobil horse, it's here in all its small-town glory of compact architecture, inspired promotions, art deco pumps, and endless views of the American horizon. Author Tim Russell, one of the world's foremost collectors and historians of Petroliana, rolls out the ribbon of highway that takes us to all of those way stations of Americas motoring past.
As Jimi Hendrix and Vietnam rumble on in the background, an Italian-American teenage boy grows up working in his dad's gas station in Massachusetts. In a world full of rear end fluid, floor jacks and leaky gaskets, the narrator is awkward with his father and not too hot at mounting snow tires or dismantling engines. Poetic, poignant, and beautifully observed -- the grease and grime of the gas station, the rhythms of work and talk, are detailed with such precision that the locality becomes universal -- Joseph Torra has written an extraordinary and superb coming-of-age novel in the great American blue-collar tradition, and one which has echoes of another working-class son of Massachusetts, Jack Kerouac.
The development of tight-gas reservoirs over the last half-century has profoundly affected and expanded the petroleum industry. Moreover, our improved understanding of tight-gas reservoirs--from finding, characterizing, testing, modeling and developing them to producing their resources economically--can be felt not only throughout our industry but also throughout our economy and, indeed, our daily routines. Abundant, reliable, and inexpensive natural gas has truly transformed many aspects of our modern lifestyles. Within the last decade, for example, the world has made great strides in switching from coal-fired to gas-fired electricity generation (with a resulting reduction of US CO2 emissions of 14% since 2005*). Our expanded knowledge of natural-gas development and production has further advanced the goal of achieving energy independence, transforming the US from a gas importer into the third largest liquid natural gas (LNG) exporter in the world. It is truly hard to overstate the efficacy of our understanding and exploitation of tight-gas reservoirs. The four parts contained in this book methodically and comprehensively unfold the technical elements of developing tight-gas reservoirs. They are written - with an industry-wide audience in mind - to help the student understand fundamental concepts - to provide comprehensive reference material for the experienced engineer - for the practitioner in the field looking for case studies and analogues - for those readers curious of mathematical detail and theory, where it will surely lay the foundation for many future academic investigations and doctoral theses This book is comprehensive enough to apply equally to those readers interested in tight-oil reservoirs--common fundamentals, many similar concepts, just larger molecules. This book's organization supports its methodological approach. Part 1 introduces tight-gas resources, including definitions and beginning concepts. Thorough analyses of tight-gas resource types (conventional, shale, and coalbed methane) and their geographical distribution and reserves are given. This part describes shale-gas plays within North America in detail. Part 2 begins where the study of all reservoirs begin, with detailed characterization. Chapters within this part discuss geological considerations over various scales, as well as detailed concepts in well testing and modeling to determine necessary formation properties. Part 3 details all aspects of designing, planning, modeling, and executing hydraulic fracture treatments and provides details on fracture initiation, geometry, and propagation. Part 4 contains 23 case histories of tight gas reservoir development.