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Mounting concern over climate change around the world has resulted in a wide array of legislative, regulatory and voluntary responses for reporting and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Corporate and public interest in sustainability and climate change issues, and voluntary reporting of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions information, has grown significantly in the United States during the last decade. The number of U.S.-based companies seeking external assurance on their sustainability reports continues to grow. The majority of these companies are seeking a moderate level of assurance, or a review. While the existing attestation standards provide a framework for performing such services, the specific application guidance in this area needs to be developed. The AICPA previously issued Statement of Position (SOP) 03-2, Attest Engagements on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Information, to provide guidance to CPAs on how to apply the attestation standards to GHG emissions reporting for an examination level of service with the expectation that it would be used to satisfy requirements for assurance in connection with GHG trading schemes or regulatory submissions. However, the first requests coming through for assurance in the United States are not to satisfy regulatory requirements but, rather, appear to be from companies that are voluntarily looking to add more credibility to information that they are publicly reporting. As a result, they are seeking assurance for this purpose at a more cost-effective level than an examination. To respond to this need, SOP 13-1 updates SOP 03-2 by including guidance on how to apply the attestation standards for a review engagement to the specific subject matter of GHG emissions information. This SOP is an essential resource for practitioners performing GHG engagements, whether examinations or reviews, and provides guidance on performing and reporting: Examination or review on a schedule or an assertion relating to information about a GHG emissions inventory or a baseline GHG inventory Examination or review on a schedule or an assertion relating to information about a GHG emission reduction in connection with the recording of the reduction with a registry or a trade of that reduction or credit
A comprehensive framework for understanding the most important issues in global business This is the e-book version of Business Sustainability, Corporate Governance, and Organizational Ethics. In today's business environment, multinational corporations are under pressure from investors, lawmakers, and regulators to improve their corporate governance, business sustainability, and corporate culture. Business sustainability, corporate governance, and organizational ethics are taking center stage in the global business environment. This long-awaited text covers each of these three important areas in detail, guiding readers to a robust understanding with features including chapter summaries, essential terms, discussion questions, and cases for each topic covered.
Get familiar with business sustainability in Asia Business Sustainability in Asia offers 12 chapters that cover different aspects of business sustainability with a keen focus on its implications in Asia. Anyone who is involved with business sustainability and corporate governance, the financial reporting process, investment decisions, legal and financial advising, assurance functions, and corporate governance education will be interested in this book. It examines business sustainability performance, reporting and assurance and their integration into strategy, governance, risk assessment, performance management, and the reporting process of disclosing governance, ethics, social, environmental, and economic sustainable performance. The book also highlights how people, businesses, and resources collaborate in a business sustainability and accountability model. • Develop an awareness and understanding of the main themes, perspectives, frameworks, and issues pertaining to corporate governance and business sustainability in Asia • Covers a variety of issues relevant to business sustainability in Asia • Authored by an expert who has written extensively on the subject • Understand why organizations worldwide recognize the importance of sustainability performance If you’re a business leader, executive, auditor, or student looking to familiarize yourself with this emerging subject, Business Sustainability in Asia has you covered.
Updated as of July 1, 2019, this two-volume set is a comprehensive source of professional standards and interpretations issued by the AICPA, such as auditing and attestation, accounting and review services pronouncements, along with the AICPA Code of Professional Conduct and Bylaws. Standards and related interpretations, to help you apply the standards in specific circumstances, are arranged by subject with amendments noted, superseded portions deleted, and conforming changes reflected. New to this edition: Statement on Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 134, Auditor Reporting and Amendments, Including Amendments Addressing Disclosures in the Audit of Financial Statements SAS No. 135, Omnibus Statement on Auditing Standards—2019 SAS No. 136, Forming an Opinion and Reporting on Financial Statements of Employee Benefit Plans Subject to ERISA SAS No. 137, The Auditor's Responsibilities Relating to Other Information Included in Annual Reports Statement on Standards for Forensic Services No. 1, Statement on Standards for Forensic Services
Business sustainability has advanced from greenwashing and branding to being a business imperative. Stakeholders, including shareholders, demand, regulators require, and companies now need to report their sustainability performance. No longer is this a choice for businesses. A decade ago, fewer than 50 companies released sustainability reports, and now more 8,000 global public companies disclose sustainability performance information on some or all five economic, governance, social, ethical, and environmental (EGSEE) dimensions of sustainability performance, and this trend is expected to continue. Indeed, more than 6,000 European public companies would be required to disclose their environmental, social, governance and diversity information for their 2017 reporting year. However, the proper determination of sustainability performance, accurate and reliable reporting and independent assurance of sustainability information remain major challenges for organizations of all types and sizes. Through reading this book, you will: Identify sustainability strategies to create innovation in new products, services, energy-efficiency, environmental facilities and green initiatives. Understand the role and responsibilities of all participants in the corporate reporting process, including directors, officers, internal auditors, external auditors, legal counsel, and investors. See ways to improve public trust, investor confidence, business reputation, employee satisfaction, corporate culture, social responsibility and environmental performance. Learn all five economic, governance, social, ethical and environmental (EGSEE) dimensions of sustainability performance separately and their integrated and interactive effects on achieving the goal of creating sustainable value for all stakeholders, including shareholders. Learn how to adopt best practices in sustainability development and performance, and deliver effective integrated sustainability reporting and assurance.
Plain-English interpretations and applications of the latest GAAS Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2016 provides full guidance toward the latest guidelines and applications of Generally Accepted Auditing Standards. With detailed coverage of the newest releases, this helpful reference explains each standard in clear, accessible language and highlights the ways in which the standards are related. Organized for easy navigation, each statement is presented individually along with explanation, practice notes, practical illustrations, checklists and questionnaires to guide you through the auditing process. The book is written to align with the Statements on Auditing Standards, and includes updates and interpretations of all new Statements for Accounting and Review Services Compilation and Review statements to help you ensure a complete and fully compliant audit. Accounting standards are critical to the auditing process, but frequent revisions and new releases add a layer of complexity to compliance. This book provides interpretation and application notes for all GAAS standards, including all SASs, SSAEs, SSARSs and PCAOB. Get up to speed on the latest GAAS standards Walk through each statement step-by-step Utilize helpful tools to ensure full compliance Gain a deeper understanding of each standard's applications Identifying, interpreting, and applying the many standards relevant to a particular engagement can be the most difficult part of the auditor's job. This guide simplifies the process by combining the standards, explanations, tools, and expert advice into a single, easily navigated volume. For the auditor who needs to be up to date, Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2016 presents clear, plain-language guidance toward the most recent GAAS standards, to help you find —and understand — the answers you need quickly.
The GAAS Guide describes the engagement standards, practices and procedures in use today--including Statements on Auditing Standards (SASs) and their Interpretations, Statements on Standards for Attestation Engagements (SSAEs) and their Interpretations, and Statements on Standards on Accounting and Review Services (SSARSs) and their Interpretations and their relationship to the PCAOB's standards.
New Authoritative Guide for SSAE No. 18 and Sustainability Organizations are increasingly seeking to add credibility to sustainability information: According to the CFA Institute, 73 percent of portfolio managers and research analysts surveyed take sustainability matters into account when making investment decisions and 69 percent believe it is important that such information be subject to independent assurance. This new guide will assist CPAs with interpreting and applying the clarified attestation standards (SSAE No. 18) when performing examination or review engagements on sustainability information. Note: This guide supersedes AICPA Statement of Position (SOP) 13-1, Attest Engagements on Greenhouse Gas Emissions Information. The content of that SOP has been updated for the clarified attestations standards and included in the guide.