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Excerpt from Some Fiscal Aspects of Public Education in American Cities Twofold Aspect of Present Educational Thought. - There are at the present time two well-defined tendencies in our public educational thought and activity, which may be designated as the scientific and the economic. At the outset, it may be well to anticipate the possible obscureness or confusion arising from the use of these terms, possessing, as they do, meanings of both variable content and application. The Scientific Aspect of Education. - The so-called scientific spirit is as old as modem science, and its invasion of the field of educational activity has been as extended and as rapid as those sciences, fundamental and cognate to education, have developed to act as guides and leaders for the advance. This scientific aspect, as it concerns organized public education, is best defined by the many and varied efforts of the day to evaluate the results of educational endeavor; to measure in terms of some standard unit the relation between effort and resuAbout the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Excerpt from The Control of City School Finances The public schools of America cost money. This cost has constantly increased until today it involves a vast expenditure. Americans no longer doubt the advisability of public schools, but the question of financing these schools is a vital one. It is not the purpose of this book to discuss the merits of different methods of providing funds for the public schools. It shall attempt only to discuss the merits of the different methods of controlling these moneys. In New York City the board of esti mate and apportionment controls the granting of money to the schools; in Detroit it is the city council and mayor; in Cleveland it is the county budget commission; in Newark it is the board of school estimate; while in such cities as Philadelphia, Seattle, Chicago and St. Louis, the board of educa tion raises and expends its own funds. The question as to who shall control the raising g and disbursing of moneys for the public schools is, and has been for years, a much debated question. It is the purpose of this book to present the different methods used in American cities and to examine and evaluate each in the light of educational efficiency. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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