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The study deals with experiments in drive sampling in frozen ground for the recovery of undisturbed soil samples. The drive-sampling experiments discussed in this paper were performed in frozen, fine-grained soils consisting of silts, clays, and fine sand. In addition, the drive sampling was performed in permafrost having temperatures ranging from approximately 29 to 31.5 degrees Fahrenheit. The drive method of sampling consists essentially of driving a tube or sampler into the soil and recovering the soil that enters the sampler as a result of the driving action. Driving of the sampler and subsequent withdrawal may be accomplished by power equipment or by manual procedures depending on the depth of the exploration. (Author).
The study deals with experiments in drive sampling in frozen ground for the recovery of undisturbed soil samples. The drive-sampling experiments discussed in this paper were performed in frozen, fine-grained soils consisting of silts, clays, and fine sand. In addition, the drive sampling was performed in permafrost having temperatures ranging from approximately 29 to 31.5 degrees Fahrenheit. The drive method of sampling consists essentially of driving a tube or sampler into the soil and recovering the soil that enters the sampler as a result of the driving action. Driving of the sampler and subsequent withdrawal may be accomplished by power equipment or by manual procedures depending on the depth of the exploration. (Author).
Frozen Ground Engineering first introduces the reader to the frozen environment and the behavior of frozen soil as an engineering material. In subsequent chapters this information is used in the analysis and design of ground support systems, foundations, and embankments. These and other topics make this book suitable for use by civil engineering students in a one-semester course on frozen ground engineering at the senior or first-year-graduate level. Students are assumed to have a working knowledge of undergraduate mechanics (statics and mechanics of materials) and geotechnical engineering (usual two-course sequence). A knowledge of basic geology would be helpful but is not essential. This book will also be useful to advanced students in other disciplines and to engineers who desire an introduction to frozen ground engineering or references to selected technical publications in the field. BACKGROUND Frozen ground engineering has developed rapidly in the past several decades under the pressure of necessity. As practical problems involving frozen soils broadened in scope, the inadequacy of earlier methods for coping became increasingly apparent. The application of ground freezing to geotechnical projects throughout the world continues to grow as significant advances have been made in ground freezing technology. Freezing is a useful and versatile technique for temporary earth support, groundwater control in difficult soil or rock strata, and the formation of subsurface containment barriers suitable for use in groundwater remediation projects.
This new edition of Frozen Ground Engineering gives a peerless presentation of soil mechanics for frozen ground conditions and a variety of frozen ground support systems used on construction projects worldwide. An authoritative update of the industry standard, this Second Edition covers the essential theory, applications, and design methods using frozen ground in the construction of deep shafts, tunnels, deep excavations, and subsurface containment barriers. New material features design models for pavement structures used in seasonal frost and permafrost areas, new information on the movement of fluid phase contaminants in frozen ground, and helpful appendices offering guidance on common frozen ground tests and SI unit conversions. This new edition gives the essential information engineers, geologists, and students need in a complete reference, including up-to-date information on: Sensitivity of frozen ground to climate change Experimental work on frozen soil creep and strength Monitoring creep in frozen slopes Frost protection of foundations using ground insulation Highway insulation Load restrictions for seasonal frost areas
This report presents engineering guidance for the design and construction of foundations in areas of deep seasonal frost and permafrost as developed up to the early 1970's. Attention is given to basic considerations affecting foundation design, site investigations, survey datum points, construction consideration, and monitoring performance. Included in the main text are 17 tables, 141 figures, and 213 selected references. A bibliography presents 45 additional references.