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The purpose of this book is to study the role of business incubators in the economic growth of India. It will answer a number of key questions: Do incubators reduce the failure rate of start-ups? Are incubators instrumental in providing an effective
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2010 in the subject Business economics - Miscellaneous, grade: -, , course: PhD, language: English, abstract: ABSTRACT In present day economic turbulence, the new computing and communication techniques are changing our concepts of time and space, altering traditional patterns of work and spurring the growth of small entrepreneurial companies. But in both the developed and developing countries, many new ventures fail and for the few that survive and grow, there are numerous problems. A challenge, then, is to transform the traditional ways of supporting small enterprises and the related programs of international assistance - in order to make them more cost effective for today’s competitive environment. ‘Business Incubation’ is emerging as one of the most innovative instruments to support small enterprise creation and development all over the world. This is relatively a recent innovative system, derived from the earlier SME support programs but with its own distinctive characteristics. The concept of nurturing start-up and early-stage groups at managed workspaces appears straightforward but is complex in structure and execution. Incubators provide local, on the-spot diagnosis and treatment of business problems, dramatically lowering the early stage failure rate. These are essentially the programs designed to accelerate the successful development of entrepreneurial companies through an array of business support resources and services, developed and orchestrated by incubator management and offered both in the incubator and through its network of contacts. In Europe, US and many countries like China, Singapore and Thailand; the concept of incubation has developed significantly. The exceptionally fast growth of business incubators all over the world has baffled even the researchers. Business incubation theories, systems, strategies and techniques are getting transformed every day. In this direction in India, following on the world pattern, several initiatives have been taken over the last decade to encourage the concept of business incubation. A scheme on establishment of ‘Technology Business Incubators’ (TBI’s) in and around academic/R&D institutions was initiated by NSTEDB (National Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Development Board) during 2000-2001. These TBIs are being promoted to achieve objectives like: - Creation of technology based new enterprises, - Creating value added jobs & services, - Facilitating transfer of technology, - Fostering the entrepreneurial spirit, [...]
Why do Technology Business Incubators (TBIs) emerge rapidly as an instrument of start-up promotion in emerging economies like India? In what forms? What role do they play in start-up promotion? What are their major achievements? These questions have been answered empirically in this book. Accordingly, this book explores the nature, structure and process of incubation resulting in start-up generation and in the process, R&D contribution emerging from TBIs comprising accelerators, incubators and co-working spaces in three of the leading start-up hubs, namely, Bangalore, Chennai and Hyderabad, in India. It describes typology, objectives, sponsors, and facilities provided by these TBIs. It further explores the process of selection, incubation and graduation of start-ups as it exists in these TBIs. Thereafter, it makes an assessment of R&D contributions that have emerged from the TBIs in the form of R&D inputs comprising personnel and capital expenditure, and R&D output in the form of new products/services developed, patent applications filed and revenue generated. Policy makers, researchers, engineering and management students, technology and business mentors, angels, venture capitalists, and MNC executives will find this book informative, revealing and a source of valuable insights on the new, emerging India.
This book focuses on promoting entrepreneurial ecosystems within universities and educational institutes. It especially emphasizes the thriving systems and practices existing within the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IITK). It discusses cases and successes of the SIDBI Incubation and Innovation Centre in the Institute. This edited volume highlights the vision of IITK and describes a few of the major achievements of the past few years. It especially showcases the requirements and challenges of creating, sustaining, and boosting such entrepreneurial ecosystems and incubation centres. The contents of this book will be useful to researchers, administrators, and corporate collaborators working in the area of monetizing technology coming from educational institutions by converting it to successful products and business ideas.
Written by Monica Biradavolu (a sociologist at Yale University), this innovative study examines the emergence and growing power of a new group of immigrant Indians to the United States: the transnational techno-capitalist class of entrepreneurs operating at the upper echelons of the hi-tech industry in Silicon Valley and Bangalore. Imbibing the culture of innovation and entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley, recognizing the importance of building strong networks, and relying upon their educational qualifications, professional credentials and powerful yet invisible family support, Indians are playing a central role in redefining what it means to be an 'immigrant entrepreneur' from a 'developing country'. These powerful actors are negotiating on their own terms and forging their own transnational space in the global software industry to become a transnational capitalist class, with allegiance to global capitalism and a political project of pushing the ideas and ideals of capitalism in both their 'home' and 'adopted' countries. This an important book for those in ethnic and immigrant studies.
Many businesses around the world use technology as a means to set-up, run and improve their commercial performance but not all countries have sufficient access to technology. In fact the ’digital divide' between rich and poor countries is one of the major international challenges facing our society. Technology Business Incubation describes a concept whereby technological support and services are offered to start-up companies in the fields of engineering, science and technology to help them further their own research and develop viable businesses. Aimed at developed and developing countries this concept could provide a solution in bridging the knowledge gap. Written by Rustam Lalkaka, a well-known expert in the field, the toolkit provides invaluable information for carrying out feasibility studies; preparing business plans; choosing a location; finding sponsors; selecting managers and tenants; and monitoring a technology business incubator. Annexes contain checklists and report pro formas to help prepare relevant documents based on local needs
Why do tech start-ups emerge rapidly in emerging economies like India? What kind of entrepreneurial ecosystems have evolved for tech start-up promotion? What is their structure? What role do they play in the nurturing of tech start-ups to the advantage of regional economies? This book examines the trend of evolving entrepreneurial ecosystems for tech start-ups in India, ascertains its structure and examines its role in the nurturing of tech start-ups over its lifecycle, to bring out its implications for Indian economy. At the outset, it traces and conceptualizes what it terms an "ideal ecosystem" for tech start-ups in the Indian context, and explores the historical evolution of entrepreneurial ecosystems in two of the six leading start-up hubs in the country, namely, Bangalore and Hyderabad. It describes the characteristics and the structure of these ecosystems as they prevailed in the two start-up hubs, and analyses the role that they play in nurturing the development of tech start-ups. Finally, this book explores the ecosystem gaps that exist in the two cities, the factors causing these gaps, and makes policy recommendations to encourage the growth of a "healthy and vibrant" entrepreneurial ecosystem for the accelerated growth of tech start-ups in these two cities in particular, to promote employment, innovation and economic growth in the country at large. Policy makers, researchers, engineering and management students, technology and business mentors, angels, venture capitalists, and MNC executives will find the book informative, revealing and a source of valuable insights into a new, rapidly emerging entrepreneurial India.
The basic objective of innovation, which includes the processes involved in the creation of a new product, process, or organizational form, is deeply rooted in helping human beings live a comfortable life. Technology business incubation is one such arrangement, where start-ups explore their ideas and dreams under the guided support of an incubator. The book maps the role of various actors and agencies in influencing the incubation process, and provides an overview of India’s innovation ecosystem. It also explores how the existing incubation model enhances the country’s overall development pathway. The study, besides providing an in-depth analysis of the incubation process in India, also examines the science and technology culture of the country, and how this influences its development ecosystem.
A vivid look at how India has developed the idea of entrepreneurial citizens as leaders mobilizing society and how people try to live that promise Can entrepreneurs develop a nation, serve the poor, and pursue creative freedom, all while generating economic value? In Chasing Innovation, Lilly Irani shows the contradictions that arise as designers, engineers, and businesspeople frame development and governance as opportunities to innovate. Irani documents the rise of "entrepreneurial citizenship" in India over the past seventy years, demonstrating how a global ethos of development through design has come to shape state policy, economic investment, and the middle class in one of the world’s fastest-growing nations. Drawing on her own professional experience as a Silicon Valley designer and nearly a decade of fieldwork following a Delhi design studio, Irani vividly chronicles the practices and mindsets that hold up professional design as the answer to the challenges of a country of more than one billion people, most of whom are poor. While discussions of entrepreneurial citizenship promise that Indian children can grow up to lead a nation aspiring to uplift the poor, in reality, social, economic, and political structures constrain whose enterprise, which hopes, and which needs can be seen as worthy of investment. In the process, Irani warns, powerful investors, philanthropies, and companies exploit citizens' social relations, empathy, and political hope in the quest to generate economic value. Irani argues that the move to recast social change as innovation, with innovators as heroes, frames others—craftspeople, workers, and activists—as of lower value, or even dangers to entrepreneurial forms of development. With meticulous historical context and compelling stories, Chasing Innovation lays bare how long-standing power hierarchies such as class, caste, language, and colonialism continue to shape opportunity in a world where good ideas supposedly rule all.
Is the rise of the Indian software industry simply another Asian state-dominated industrial growth story or is India distinctive, an economy where small technology entrepreneurs also find niches for development and can be drivers of innovation? Research has predominantly focused on the large integrated Indian and international IT service providers. This study examines the opportunity for growth among smaller innovative technology entrepreneurial firms. Two areas of inquiry are: What factors have been responsible for spurring entrepreneurial growth in the Indian IT industry? What type of work is being carried out at these Indian firms and is this profile changing? Our theoretical proposition is that the emergence of technology entrepreneurs linked to multinational firms reflects a change in global value chains. The paper takes a multi-level approach to understanding development trajectories in the IT sector in India: a global value chain approach to the extent that company processes are seen in their larger networked context across organizations, and an institutional approach in terms of state policies that influence the creation of infrastructure that, in turn, shapes organizational development trajectories. Additionally, we examine the role of the various actors within IT sector organizations -- the workers, the managers, and in the case of the small companies in our sample, the owners -- on the paths of entrepreneurial growth trajectories in the Indian IT sector. We find that the various levels of change and policy all contribute to the outcome in company trajectories: the dominance of multinational enterprises on the market, the entrepreneurial vision and survival strategies of returned technology expatriates, and the changing policies of the government in promoting indigenous business.