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The climate of the southern Great Plains is characterized by low precipitation, a high rate of evaporation, frequent winds that are especially strong during late winter and early spring months, hot summers, open moderate winters, and a wide range in daily and seasonal temperatures. Nine groups of soils have been recognized and mapped on the basis of their inherent characteristics as related to their susceptibility to erosin and to agricultural adaptations. The topography is that of typical High Plains country; that is, a generally smooth plain, broken by several extensive areas of rougher lands, which are mostly associated with streams and their tributaries. The major portion of the area lies between 3,000 and 4,000 feet above sea level. There is a gentle eastward slope approximating 15 feet to the mile. The native vegetation is tyopically short grass on the smoother and heavier soils, with an admisture of taller grasses, shrubs, and scrub on sandy lands and on lands of rougher topography. Winter wheat and row crops, particulary those of the sorghum family, are the chief crops, Cattle and sheep are the leading clases of livestock. The area is essentially a country of large-scale dry farming and ranching. According to the 1935 census there were 16,805 farms and ranches in the area, averaging 1,060 acres each in size and valued at a total of $189,876,291.
The climate of the southern Great Plains is characterized by low precipitation, a high rate of evaporation, frequent winds that are especially strong during late winter and early spring months, hot summers, open moderate winters, and a wide range in daily and seasonal temperatures. Nine groups of soils have been recognized and mapped on the basis of their inherent characteristics as related to their susceptibility to erosin and to agricultural adaptations. The topography is that of typical High Plains country; that is, a generally smooth plain, broken by several extensive areas of rougher lands, which are mostly associated with streams and their tributaries. The major portion of the area lies between 3,000 and 4,000 feet above sea level. There is a gentle eastward slope approximating 15 feet to the mile. The native vegetation is tyopically short grass on the smoother and heavier soils, with an admisture of taller grasses, shrubs, and scrub on sandy lands and on lands of rougher topography. Winter wheat and row crops, particulary those of the sorghum family, are the chief crops, Cattle and sheep are the leading clases of livestock. The area is essentially a country of large-scale dry farming and ranching. According to the 1935 census there were 16,805 farms and ranches in the area, averaging 1,060 acres each in size and valued at a total of $189,876,291.